SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 19EC202

VFSTR 50

II Year I Semester

COURSE DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVES:

This course is about the fundamentals of continuous times signals and systems. The course

objective is to cover the spectral analysis of periodic and aperiodic signals using Fourier

series and Fourier transform. To analyze continuous time linear time invariant systems through

Laplace transform and Fourier transform. To use simulation tools for transform analysis,

convolution and to generate signals for understanding the behavior of signals and systems.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to achieve the following outcomes.

SKILLS:

! Design and test a stable system.

! Choose the various transforms and their applications in the analysis of signals

and systems.

! Apply transformation to real-world problems involving bio-signals such as EEG,

ECG and EMG.

! Analyze the abnormalities present in the physiological systems.

! Choose the desired sampling frequency for a given application.

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

19EC202

Hours Per Week :

LTPC

3-24

SOURCE:

http://engineering

interviewquestions.com/

wp-content/uploads/

2016/07/SIGNALS-

and-SYSTEMS-LAB-

VIVA-Questions-

Answers.jpg

COs Course Outcomes

1 Understand the characteristics and properties of continuous time signals and

systems.

2 Apply the concepts of convolution and correlation for continuous time signal.

3 Analyze the continuous time signals and systems in frequency domain using

Fourier series, Fourier transform and Laplace transform.

4 Understand the effects of sampling of a continuous time signal.

5 Apply the techniques necessary for analysis of different CT signals and

systems using modern engineering tools.

VFSTR 51

UNIT - I L-9

FOURIER SERIES REPRESENTATION OF PERIODIC SIGNALS: Introduction to signals and systems,

Basic signals, Classification, Operations; Vectors vs Signals, Orthogonal functions, Representation

of signals using orthogonal functions, Mean square error, Representation of Fourier series,

Continuous time periodic signals, Properties of Fourier series, Dirichlet’s conditions, Trigonometric

Fourier series, Exponential Fourier series, Complex Fourier spectrum.

UNIT - II L-9

TRANSFORMS:

FOURIER TRANSFORM (FT): Deriving Fourier transform from Fourier series, Fourier transform of

arbitrary signal, Fourier transform of standard signals, Fourier transform of periodic signals, Properties

of Fourier transforms, Fourier transforms involving impulse function and Signum function, Introduction

to Hilbert Transform.

LAPLACE TRANSFORM (LT): Review of laplace transforms, Inverse laplace transform, Concept of

region of convergence (ROC) for laplace transforms, Constraints on ROC for various classes of

signals, Properties of LT’s, Relation between LT and FT of a signal.

UNIT - III L-9

LTI SYSTEMS & ANALYSIS: Classification of Systems, Linear time invariant (LTI) system - impulse

response, step response, response of a LTI system to arbitrary inputs, transfer function of LTI

system; Filter characteristics of linear systems, Distortion less transmission, Signal bandwidth,

System bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics, Causality and Paley-Wiener criterion for

physical realization, Relationship between bandwidth and rise time.

UNIT - IV L-9

CONVOLUTION AND CORRELATION OF SIGNALS: Concept of convolution in time domain and frequency

domain, Graphical representation of convolution, Cross correlation and auto correlation of functions,

Properties of correlation function, Energy density spectrum, Power density spectrum, Relation between

auto correlation function and power spectral density, Relation between convolution and correlation.

UNIT - V L-9

SAMPLING: Sampling theorem, Graphical and analytical proof for band limited signals, Impulse

sampling, Natural and Flat top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its samples, Effect of under

sampling - aliasing, introduction to band pass sampling.

Signals and Systems

VFSTR 52

II Year I Semester

LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS TOTAL HOURS: 30

1. Generation and plotting of trigonometric and exponential functions.

2. Standard signal generation (Impulse, Step, Ramp & Sinc).

3. Operations on signals (Folding, Shifting and Scaling).

4. Periodic and Non-periodic signal generation.

5. Analysis of periodic signals.

6. Analysis of Non-periodic signals.

7. Analysis of transfer function.

8. System analysis by using poles and zeros.

9. Sampling theorem verification.

10. System response.

11. Convolution of continuous time signals.

12. Correlation of continuous time signals.

13. Generation of random signals.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, “Signals and Systems”, 2

edition, Prentice

Hall of India, 1997.

2. B.P.Lathi, “Linear Systems and Signals”, 2

edition, Oxford University Press, 2009.

REFERENCE BOOKS :

1. B.P. Lathi, “Signals Systems & Communications”, John Wiley, 2005.

2. Simon Haykin and Van Veen, “An Introduction to Signals & Systems”, 2

edition, Wiley, 2002.

3. John A.Stuller, “An Introduction to Signals & Systems”, Thomson, 2008.

4. Kwei P.Hsu, “Signals & Systems”, 3

edition, McGraw-Hill, Schaum’s Outlines, 2014.