National Vital
Statistics Reports
Volume 66, Number 1 January 5, 2017
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Center for Health Statistics
National Vital Statistics System
Births: Final Data for 2015
by Joyce A. Martin, M.P.H.; Brady E. Hamilton, Ph.D.; Michelle J.K. Osterman, M.H.S.; Anne K. Driscoll, Ph.D.;
and T.J. Mathews, M.S., Division of Vital Statistics
Abstract
Objectives—This report presents 2015 data on U.S. births
according to a wide variety of characteristics. Data are presented
for maternal age, live-birth order, race and Hispanic origin,
marital status, attendant at birth, method of delivery, period of
gestation, birthweight, and plurality. Selected data by mother's
state of residence and birth rates by age and race of father also
are shown. Trends in fertility patterns and maternal and infant
characteristics are described and interpreted.
Methods—Descriptive tabulations of data reported on the
birth certificates of the 3.98 million births that occurred in 2015
are presented.
Results—In 2015, 3,978,497 births were registered in the
United States, down less than 1% from 2014. The general fertility
rate was 62.5 per 1,000 women aged 15–44, a decline of 1% from
2014. The birth rate for teenagers aged 15–19 fell 8% in 2015, to
22.3 per 1,000 females. Birth rates declined for women in their
20s but increased for women in their 30s and early 40s. The total
fertility rate (estimated number of births over a woman’s lifetime)
Figure 1. Cesarean delivery, by gestational age: 2009, 2014, and 2015
NOTE: Gestational age is based on the obstetric estimate of gestation.
SOURCE: NCHS, National Vital Statistics System.
32.9
49.8
36.1
34.7
33.9
22.7
26.4
32.2
50.4
36.5
28.9
36.1
20.6
24.8
32.0
50.3
36.6
28.6
35.7
20.2
24.3
20
30
40
50
60
Total Under 37 37 38 39 40 41
Percent
Gestational age (weeks)
0
Early term
Full term
Late term
Preterm
2009
2014 2015
2 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
declined to 1,843.5 births per 1,000 women in 2015. The birth
rate for unmarried women declined for the seventh straight year
to 43.5 per 1,000. The cesarean delivery rate declined for the third
year in a row to 32.0%. The preterm birth rate increased slightly
from 2014, to 9.63% in 2015, as did the rate of low birthweight
(8.07% in 2015). The twin birth rate declined to 33.5 per 1,000;
the triplet and higher-order multiple birth rate was down 9% to
103.6 per 100,000.
Keywords: birth certificate • maternal and infant health • birth
rates • maternal characteristics
Highlights
●
A total of 3,978,497 births were registered in the United
States in 2015, down less than 1% from 2014. The number
of births declined for non-Hispanic white and Hispanic
women and was essentially unchanged for non-Hispanic
black women from 2014 to 2015.
●
The general fertility rate declined 1% in 2015, to 62.5 births
per 1,000 women aged 15–44 from 62.9 in 2014. The total
fertility rate also declined in 2015, to 1,843.5 births per
1,000 women.
●
The birth rate for teenagers aged 15–19 declined 8% in
2015, to 22.3 births per 1,000 females aged 15–19, another
record low for the nation; rates declined for teenagers in all
race and Hispanic-origin groups.
●
Birth rates also declined to a record low for women in their
early 20s in 2015. Rates declined for women in their late
20s but rose for women in their 30s and early 40s from
2014 to 2015; the rate for women in their late 40s was
unchanged.
●
The birth rate for unmarried women fell for the seventh
consecutive year to 43.4 per 1,000 unmarried women aged
15–44 in 2015. The percentage of births to unmarried
women was stable at 40.3%.
●
The cesarean delivery rate continued to decline in 2015,
to 32.0% of all U.S. births (Figure 1). Declines in cesarean
deliveries were seen for all age groups and for non-Hispanic
white and Hispanic women.
●
The preterm birth rate (less than 37 weeks), which had
declined over 2007–2014, increased slightly to 9.63% in
2015 (compared with 9.57% in 2014). Increases in preterm
births were seen among non-Hispanic black and Hispanic
women.
●
A small rise in the percentage of infants born low
birthweight (less than 2,500 grams) was also seen from
2014 to 2015, from 8.00% to 8.07%. The low birthweight
rate had been trending somewhat downward from the 2006
peak (8.26%).
●
The twin birth rate declined in 2015 to 33.5 per 1,000 total
births; the 2014 twinning rate (33.9) had been an all-time
high. The triplet and higher-order multiple birth rate
dropped 9% from 2014 to 2015 and is down 46% since the
1998 peak.
Introduction
This report presents detailed data on numbers and
characteristics of births in 2015, birth and fertility rates, maternal
demographic and health characteristics, place and attendant at
birth, and infant health characteristics. A report of preliminary
birth statistics for 2015 presented data on selected topics based
on a substantial sample (99.53%) of 2015 births (1); an NCHS
Data Brief presented selected characteristics for 2015 births
(2). In addition to the tabulations included in this report, more
detailed analysis is possible by using the natality public-use
file issued each year. The data file may be downloaded from
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data_access/Vitalstatsonline.htm (3).
The public-use file does not include geographic detail; a file
with this information may be available upon special request
(4). Birth data may also be accessed via the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention’s (CDC) “Wide-ranging Online Data for
Epidemiologic Research” (WONDER). This Internet system
makes CDC’s information resources available to public health
professionals and the public at large (5).
1989 and 2003 revisions of U.S. Standard
Certificate of Live Birth
This report includes 2015 data on items that are collected
on both the 1989 revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Live
Birth (unrevised) and the 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard
Certificate of Live Birth (revised). The 2003 revision is described
in detail elsewhere (6,7).
Forty-eight states, the District of Columbia (DC), and three
territories implemented the revised birth certificate as of January
1, 2015. New Jersey implemented the revised birth certificate in
2014 but had not completed implementation as of January 1,
2015. One state, Connecticut, remained on the 1989 standard
birth certificate in 2015. The 48 fully revised states and DC
represent 96.5% of all 2015 births.
This report presents information on selected data items
comparable between the 1989 and 2003 birth certificate
revisions. For sources of information on topics comparable
between revisions but not presented in this report (e.g., day of
birth, month of birth, and congenital anomalies), see “List of
Internet Tables” and the public-use micro-data files for each data
year (3). Several recent reports present information on items
exclusive to the 2003 birth certificate revision (e.g., time of birth,
short interpregnancy intervals, and maternal body mass index)
(8–10). A recent report also assessed the quality of the 2003
revised medical and health birth certificate data (11). Additional
information on specific data items and data quality is shown in
the User Guide (12).
Methods
Data shown in this report are based on 100% of the birth
certificates registered in all states and DC. More than 99% of births
occurring in this country are registered (12). Tables showing
data by state also provide separate information for Puerto Rico,
Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and Commonwealth of
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 3
the Northern Marianas. These areas, however, are not included
in totals for the United States.
Race and Hispanic origin are reported independently on the
birth certificate. In tabulations of birth data by race and Hispanic
origin, data for Hispanic persons are not further classified by race
because the majority of women of Hispanic origin are reported
as white. Most tables in this report show data for the categories
of non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic. Data
for births are also presented in some tables for American Indian
or Alaska Native (AIAN) and Asian or Pacific Islander (API); for
the specific Hispanic groups of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban,
and Central and South American; and for other and unknown
Hispanic. Data for AIAN and API births are not shown separately
by Hispanic origin because the majority of these populations are
non-Hispanic. Text references to non-Hispanic black births and
non-Hispanic black mothers or to non-Hispanic white births and
non-Hispanic white mothers are used interchangeably for ease
in writing; see Technical Notes.
The 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of Live
Birth allows the reporting of more than one race (multiple races)
for each parent (6) in accordance with the revised standards
issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in 1997
(13). See Technical Notes and the User Guide (12) for detailed
information on the 2015 multiple-race reporting area and
methods used to bridge responses to a single race for those
who report more than one race.
In this report, the total number of births includes births
to women up to age 64. In tables that include age of mother,
the oldest age groups shown (40–54, 45–49, 45–54, or 50–54)
include births to mothers up to age 64 (births to mothers aged
55–64 are recategorized to age group 50–55). For information
on levels of incomplete reporting by state, see the User Guide
(12). For information on the measurement of data items shown
in this report and the Internet tables, imputation techniques
used, computation of derived statistics, and definition of terms,
see the User Guide (12).
The 2015 population estimates for the specific Hispanic
population groups derived from the American Community
Survey were not available as of the preparation of this report.
Accordingly, birth and fertility rates for these groups are not
shown in this report but will be available in forthcoming expanded
Tables 5, 7, 8, and 14. For more information on populations for
Hispanic groups, see Technical Notes and the User Guide (12).
Demographic Characteristics
Births and birth rates
Number of births
The number of registered births in the United States for
2015 was 3,978,497, a decline of less than 1% (or 9,579 births)
from the number in 2014 (3,988,076) (Tables 1 and 5; Figure
2). This decline followed an increase in births for 2014, the first
increase since 2007. From 2007 through 2013, the number of
births declined steadily.
Among the three largest race and Hispanic-origin groups,
the number of births for non-Hispanic white women declined 1%
from 2014 to 2015, whereas the number of births for Hispanic
women rose 1%, and births to non-Hispanic black women were
essentially unchanged (14). The number of births declined 1%
for AIAN women but was essentially unchanged for API women.
Among the specified Hispanic groups, births rose 2% for Puerto
Rican, 4% for Central and South American, and 5% for Cuban
women. The number of births was essentially unchanged for
Mexican women in 2015.
Fertility rate
The general fertility rate (GFR) for the United States in
2015 was 62.5 births per 1,000 women aged 15–44, down 1%
from 2014 (62.9) and matching the record low rate for the nation
in 2013 (Tables 1 and 5; Figure 2). This decline followed an
increase in the rate for 2014, the first increase since 2007 (14).
From 2007 to 2013, GFR declined steadily.
Among the three largest race and Hispanic-origin groups,
the GFR declined less than 1% for non-Hispanic white women
and 1% for non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women from 2014
to 2015. GFR also declined 2% for AIAN women and 4% for API
women.
Age of mother
Birth rates declined for women under age 30, rose for
women aged 30–44, and were unchanged for women aged 45–
49 from 2014 to 2015.
Teenagers—The teen birth rate for the United States in
2015 was 22.3 births per 1,000 females aged 15–19, falling 8%
below the record low set in 2014 (24.2) (Tables A, B, 3, 4, 7, and
8; Figure 3) (15–17). The rate for this group has declined 46%
since 2007 (41.5), the most recent high, and 64% since 1991
(61.8), a long-term high. The number of births to teenagers aged
15–19 was 229,715 in 2015, down 8% from 2014 (249,078)
(14). By comparison, the number of births to teenagers was
444,899 in 2007, and 519,577 in 1991 (16).
The birth rates for teenagers aged 15–17 and 18–19 in
2015 were 9.9 births per 1,000 for the younger teenagers and
40.7 births per 1,000 for the older teenagers, down 9% and 7%,
respectively, from 2014 and record lows for both groups. Since
2007, the rates for these two groups have fallen 54% and 43%,
respectively, and have fallen 74% and 57% since 1991. The birth
rate for teenagers aged 10–14 declined in 2015 to 0.2 births per
1,000 females from 0.3 in 2014, the lowest rate for this group
on record.
Among race and Hispanic-origin groups, rates for teenagers
aged 15–19 declined for all groups from 2014 to 2015, down 6%
for AIAN, 8% for both non-Hispanic white and Hispanic, 9% for
non-Hispanic black, and 10% for API teenagers. Birth rates for
teenagers aged 15–17 and 18–19 also declined for all race and
ethnicity groups from 2014 to 2015, except for AIAN females
aged 15–17, whose rate was essentially unchanged.
Women in their 20s—The birth rate for women aged
20–24 in 2015 was 76.8 births per 1,000 women, down 3% from
2014 (79.0), reaching yet another record low for this age group
4 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
(Tables 3, 4, 7, 8, and 12). The rate for women in this age group
has declined steadily since 2006. The number of births to women
in their early 20s declined 4% from 2014 to 2015 (14). The rate
for women aged 25–29 was 104.3 births per 1,000 women,
down 1% from 2014 (105.8). From 2007 through 2013, the rate
for women in this age group declined steadily. The number of
births to women in their late 20s increased in 2015, up 1% from
2014 (Tables 2, 4, and 6).
Women in their 30s—The birth rate for women aged 30–34
was 101.5 births per 1,000 women in 2015, up 1% from 2014
(100.8) and the highest rate since 1964 (17). The number of births
to women in this age group rose 1% from 2014 to 2015. The birth
rate for women aged 35–39 was 51.8 births per 1,000 women in
2015, up 2% from 2014 (51.0). The 2015 rate for this group is
the highest since 1962 (17). The number of births to women aged
35–39 increased 4% in 2015 (Tables 2, 4, and 6) (14).
Women in their 40s—The birth rate for women aged 40–44
was 11.0 births per 1,000 women in 2015, up 4% from 2014
(10.6) (Tables 4 and 8). The 2015 rate for this group is the highest
since 1966 (17). The rate for women in this age group generally
has risen over the last 3 decades (Figure 3). The number of births
to women in their early 40s increased 2% from 2014 to 2015.
The birth rate for women aged 45–49 (which includes births to
women aged 50 and over) was 0.8 births per 1,000 women in
2015, unchanged from 2014 and 2013. The number of births to
women aged 45 and over rose 6% from 2014 to 2015.
Women aged 50 and over—There were 754 births to
women aged 50 and over in 2015 compared with 743 in 2014
(Tables 2 and 6) (14). The number of births to women in this
age group has generally increased since 1997 (144), when data
for women aged 50 and over became available again. The birth
rate for women aged 50–54 was 0.7 births per 10,000 women in
2015, up from 2014 (0.6). Because of the small number of births
to women in this age group, the birth rate for women aged 50–54
is expressed per 10,000 women. For rates shown elsewhere in
this report, births to women aged 50 and over are included with
births to women aged 45–49 when computing birth rates by age
of mother (the denominator for the rate is women aged 45–49).
Live-birth order
The first-birth rate for the United States was 24.1 births per
1,000 women aged 15–44 in 2015, down 2% from 2014 (24.6)
(Tables 3, 7, and 9). First-birth rates declined for women in their
teens (down 8% for women aged 15–19), 20s (2% for women
aged 20–24 and 25–29), and early 30s (less than 1% for women
aged 30–35). However, rates rose for women in their late 30s
and 40s (up 1% for women aged 35–39 and 4% for women aged
40–44). The rate for women aged 45 and over increased from 0.2
in 2014 to 0.3 in 2015.
Another useful measure for interpreting childbearing
patterns is the mean age at first birth, which is the arithmetic
average of the age of mothers at the time of birth and is computed
Figure 2. Live births and general fertility rates: United States, 1970–2015
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Rate per 1,000 women aged 15–44
Number of births (millions)
Number
Rate
SOURCE: NCHS, National Vital Statistics System.
0
60
80
100
0
3
4
5
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 5
directly from the frequency of first births by age of mother. The
mean age of mothers giving birth in 2015 was 26.4, up from 26.3
in 2014, yet another record high for the nation (Tables 13, 14,
and I–1) (17,18). The 2015 increase in the mean age reflects, in
part, the decline in first births to women in their teens and early
20s and the rise in first births to women in their late 30s (19).
In 2015, mean age at first birth varied by race and Hispanic
origin, from 23.2 for AIAN women to 29.6 for API women. The
average ages at first birth for the three largest race and Hispanic-
origin groups were 24.4 for non-Hispanic black, 24.5 for Hispanic,
and 27.2 for non-Hispanic white women (Tables 13 and 14).
Among the specified Hispanic groups, average ages ranged from
24.0 for Mexican women to 27.1 for Cuban women. Average age
at first birth increased for women in nearly all race and Hispanic-
origin groups from 2014 to 2015, with the exception of AIAN,
Central and South American, and Cuban women, for whom the
average age was essentially unchanged.
Total fertility rate
The total fertility rate (TFR) for the United States in 2015
was 1,843.5 births per 1,000 women, down 1% from 2014
(1,862.5) (Tables 4, 8, 13, and 14). TFR estimates the number
of births that a hypothetical group of 1,000 women would have
over their lifetimes, based on age-specific birth rates in a given
year. Because it is computed from age-specific birth rates, TFR is
age-adjusted and can be compared for populations across time,
population groups, and geographic areas. From 2007 through
2013, TFR declined each year, but it increased slightly in 2014.
TFR decreased for all race and Hispanic-origin groups in 2015,
down less than 1% for Hispanic women, 1% for both non-
Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black women, 2% for AIAN
women, and 4% for API women.
In 2015, the U.S. TFR was again below “replacement,”
the level at which a given generation can exactly replace itself
Table A. Birth rates for women aged 10–19, by age and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1991, 2007, 2014, and
2015
[Rates per 1,000 women in specified age and race and Hispanic-origin group. Population estimated as of July 1]
Age and race and Hispanic
origin of mother
Year Percent change
2015 2014 2007
1
1991 2014–2015 2007–2015 1991–2015
10–14
All races and origins
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.3 0.6 1.4 –33 –67 –86
Non-Hispanic white
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 † –50 –80
Non-Hispanic black
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0.6 1.4 4.9 † –57 –88
American Indian or Alaska Native total
3,4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.3 0.7 1.6 † –57 –81
Asian or Pacific Islander total
3,4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.8 † –50 –88
Hispanic
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.4 1.2 2.4 † –67 –83
15–19
All races and origins
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.3 24.2 41.5 61.8 –8 –46 –64
Non-Hispanic white³. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.0 17.3 27.2 43.4 –8 –41 –63
Non-Hispanic black
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.8 34.9 62.0 118.2 –9 –49 –73
American Indian or Alaska Native total
3,4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.7 27.3 49.3 84.1 –6 –48 –69
Asian or Pacific Islander total
3,4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 7.7 14.8 27.3 –10 –53 –75
Hispanic
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.9 38.0 75.3 104.6 –8 –54 –67
15–17
All races and origins
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 10.9 21.7 38.6 –9 –54 –74
Non-Hispanic white
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 6.7 11.9 23.6 –10 –50 –75
Non-Hispanic black
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3 16.6 34.6 86.1 –8 –56 –82
American Indian or Alaska Native total
3,4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7 13.2 26.1 51.9 † –51 –76
Asian or Pacific Islander total
3,4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 3.3 7.4 16.3 –18 –64 –83
Hispanic
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.4 19.3 44.4 69.2 –10 –61 –75
18–19
All races and origins
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.7 43.8 71.7 94 –7 –43 –57
Non-Hispanic white³. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.6 32.9 50.4 70.6 –7 –39 –57
Non-Hispanic black
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.7 61.5 105.2 162.2 –8 –46 –65
American Indian or Alaska Native total
3,4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.8 48.6 86.3 134.2 –6 –47 –66
Asian or Pacific Islander total
3, 4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.8 13.9 24.9 42.2 –8 –48 –70
Hispanic
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.9 66.1 124.7 155.5 –6 –50 –60
† Difference not statistically significant at p = 0.05.
1
Excludes data for New Hampshire, which did not report Hispanic origin.
2
Includes births to race and Hispanic-origin groups not shown separately, such as white Hispanic and black Hispanic women, and births with origin not stated.
3
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and
Budget (OMB) standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data in 2015 that were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB standards for
comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary for 2007, 2014, and 2015; see Technical Notes.
4
Includes persons of Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin and origin not stated, according to the mother’s reported race; see Technical Notes.
5
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race; see Technical Notes.
NOTE: Comparisons are made with 2007 and 1991 because these years represent recent and longer-term highs in teenage birth rates.
6 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table B. Birth rates for teenagers aged 15–19, by selected race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States and each state, 1991, 2007, and 2015, and percent change
in rates: United States, 2007–2015 and 1991–2015
[By place of residence. Rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group]
Area
All races and origins
1
Non-Hispanic white
2
Non-Hispanic black
2
Hispanic
3
2015 2007 1991
Percent change
2015 2007 1991
Percent change
2015 2007 1991
Percent change
2015 2007 1991
Percent change
2007–2015 1991–2015 2007–2015 1991–2015 2007–2015 1991–2015 2007–2015 1991–2015
United States
22.3 41.5 61.8 –46 –64 16.0 27.2 43.4 –41 –63 31.8 62.0 118.2 –49 –73 34.9 75.3 104.6 –54 –67
Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.1 52.1 73.6 –42 –59 26.3 41.1 56.7 –36 –54 35.8 64.9 109.3 –45 –67 51.3 145.4 47.5 –65 †
Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.3 42.9 66.0 –32 –56 18.0 27.8 51.6 –35 –65 25.1 56.3 89.2 –55 –72 31.3 57.2 82.6 –45 –62
Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.3 59.6 79.7 –56 –67 15.1 30.1 53.4 –50 –72 26.7 55.7 136.6 –52 –80 37.0 96.8 125.8 –62 –71
Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.0 60.1 79.5 –37 –52 33.6 50.7 66.8 –34 –50 50.8 85.2 125.5 –40 –60 45.4 96.2 69.1 –53 –34
California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.0 39.6 73.8 –52 –74 8.6 16.7 42.9 –49 –80 22.7 44.4 104.7 –49
–78 28.5 64.1 118.9 –56 –76
Colorado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.3 41.6 58.3 –54 –67 12.0 22.3 40.3 –46 –70 24.9 56.6 126.7 –56 –80 34.9 92.6 117.9 –62 –70
Connecticut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 23.0 40.1 –56 –75 3.9 10.1 20.3 –61 –81 16.3 42.0 103.0 –61 –84 29.0 66.6 129.2 –56 –78
Delaware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.1 39.2 60.4 –54 –70 11.7 24.2 36.9 –52 –68 25.5 59.7 137.6 –57 –81 36.2 94.1 114.9 –62 –68
District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . 25.6 50.4 109.6 –49 –77 * 4.5 6.0 ‡ ‡ 37.0 65.6 150.8 –44 –75 49.1 107.7 106.0 –54 –54
Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.8 43.0 67.9 –52 –69 16.9 30.4 50.6 –44 –67 30.3 62.8 132.5 –52 –77 21.8 54.8 58.3 –60 –63
Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.6 53.4 76.0 –52 –66 20.4 39.0 55.1 –48 –63 30.5 63.5 117.7 –52 –74 39.5
116.3 81.0 –66 –51
Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 38.7 59.2 –47 –65 16.8 32.6 37.7 –48 –55 * 24.2 72.2 ‡ ‡ 31.9 86.1 114.2 –63 –72
Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.5 39.9 53.9 –44 –58 18.9 32.1 48.9 –41 –61 * * * ‡ ‡ 39.2 91.0 122.2 –57 –68
Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.1 40.2 64.5 –48 –67 12.8 21.2 36.7 –40 –65 41.0 76.6 147.9 –46 –72 29.9 71.6 100.7 –58 –70
Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.0 43.0 60.4 –40 –57 22.9 36.3 53.0 –37 –57 40.9 73.7 129.5 –45 –68 37.8 84.3 63.1 –55 –40
Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.6 32.8 42.5 –43 –56 14.8 27.4 39.4 –46 –62 44.1 82.3 135.5 –46 –67 41.1 88.7 81.2 –54 –49
Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 42.5 55.4 –40 –54 20.5 33.0 46.9 –38 –56 36.2 70.0 133.5 –48 –73 46.1 94.3 96.4
–51 –52
Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.4 52.6 68.8 –38 –53 31.8 49.5 65.0 –36 –51 36.1 68.1 115.1 –47 –69 43.8 108.8 26.9 –60 †
Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 55.2 76.0 –38 –55 26.8 40.3 53.0 –33 –49 43.1 75.7 116.4 –43 –63 55.0 70.9 24.8 –22 122
Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.4 26.0 43.5 –41 –65 15.1 25.5 43.5 –41 –65 26.0 44.3 * † ‡ * 28.2 * ‡ ‡
Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.0 34.3 54.1 –50 –69 9.2 20.3 36.2 –55 –75 22.9 50.4 97.8 –55 –77 42.8 77.4 42.8 –45 †
Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4 21.4 37.5 –56 –75 4.8 13.8 25.2 –65 –81 14.1 36.1 97.2 –61 –85 31.9 61.2 129.0 –48 –75
Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.4 33.5 58.9 –42 –67 14.4 24.3 41.0 –41 –65 39.3 62.5 133.2 –37 –70 28.6 69.6 89.3 –59 –68
Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 27.9 37.3 –51 –63 9.3 18.1 29.1 –49 –68 28.3 69.5 163.3 –59 –83 32.2 91.6 101.2 –65 –68
Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 70.1 85.3 –50 –59 28.5 53.9 59.3 –47 –52 41.9 86.7 116.7 –52 –64 43.8 107.8 * –59 ‡
Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 44.0 64.4 –43 –61 22.4 37.0 51.3 –39 –56 37.4 72.3 148.7 –48 –75 35.1 82.0 65.4 –57 –46
Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3 35.3 46.8 –28 –46 19.2 28.0 38.5 –31 –50 * * * ‡ ‡ 36.8 35.0 77.4 † –52
Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.0 35.5 42.4 –38 –48 14.2 23.4 34.6 –39 –59 40.1 91.4 135.9 –56 –70 51.7 97.5 100.4 –47 –49
Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.6 51.7 74.5 –47 –63 19.0 31.1 60.8 –39 –69 43.5 62.0 141.2 –30 –69 35.4 85.0 107.6 –58 –67
New Hampshire . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.9 19.3 33.1 –44 –67 10.2 18.5 --- –45 --- * * --- ‡ --- 24.6 42.7 --- –42 ---
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 7
Table B. Birth rates for teenagers aged 15–19, by selected race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States and each state, 1991, 2007, and 2015, and percent change
in rates: United States, 2007–2015 and 1991–2015—Con.
[By place of residence. Rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group]
Area
All races and origins
1
Non-Hispanic white
2
Non-Hispanic black
2
Hispanic
3
2015 2007 1991
Percent change
2015 2007 1991
Percent change
2015 2007 1991
Percent change
2015 2007 1991
Percent change
2007–2015 1991–2015 2007–2015 1991–2015 2007–2015 1991–2015 2007–2015 1991–2015
New Jersey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1 24.9 41.3 –51 –71 4.0 8.7 18.3 –54 –78 21.8 48.6 106.4 –55 –80 28.6 59.2 81.9 –52 –65
New Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.6 63.9 79.5 –46 –56 20.6 36.7 51.2 –44 –60 22.5 57.0 107.0 –61 –79 40.7 80.2 99.6 –49 –59
New York . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.6 26.0 45.5 –44 –68 9.0 14.7 25.9 –39 –65 20.0 38.8 87.7 –48 –77 28.3 52.3 85.4 –46 –67
North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.6 48.0 70.0 –51 –66 17.1 32.7 52.5 –48 –67 29.8 62.4 110.4 –52 –73 42.5 120.7 88.6 –65 –52
North Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2 29.2 35.5 –24 –37 16.6 20.4 28.4 –19 –42 39.5 * * ‡ ‡ 45.4 77.4 * † ‡
Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.2 39.9 60.5 –42 –62 19.2 32.2 49.0 –40 –61 40.8 74.3 136.3 –45 –70 38.4 73.8 81.8 –48 –53
Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 58.5 72.1
–41 –52 30.6 48.8 61.7 –37 –50 37.1 70.1 129.8 –47 –71 51.6 93.1 90.3 –45 –43
Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.0 34.5 54.8 –45 –65 15.7 26.5 49.4 –41 –68 26.7 45.6 117.5 –41 –77 33.0 81.7 125.0 –60 –74
Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.7 30.7 46.7 –42 –62 12.2 20.2 33.0 –40 –63 32.9 65.9 135.2 –50 –76 43.4 82.8 125.6 –48 –65
Rhode Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 29.2 44.7 –51 –68 9.3 16.6 33.1 –44 –72 17.5 57.4 146.3 –70 –88 34.0 74.9 106.6 –55 –68
South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.2 51.9 72.5 –50 –64 22.0 37.6 54.3 –41 –59 32.8 67.6 103.2 –51 –68 35.1 127.6 60.0 –72 –42
South Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 41.3 47.6 –36 –45 16.0 26.1 35.4 –39 –55 * * * ‡ ‡ 56.3 106.2 * –47 ‡
Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.5 53.4 74.8 –43 –59 26.6 43.4 62.0 –39 –57 40.0 73.8 127.9 –46 –69 49.1 134.7 42.7 –64 †
Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 34.6 61.8 78.4 –44 –56 20.9 34.2 49.7 –39 –58 34.3 63.7 118.9 –46 –71 47.6 91.7 108.5 –48 –56
Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.6 35.4 48.0 –50 –63 13.2 24.9 44.2 –47 –70 23.4 61.5 48.2 –62 † 38.6 99.6 101.3 –61 –62
Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 21.0 39.2 –45 –70 11.6 21.5 39.7 –46 –71 * * * ‡ ‡ * * * ‡ ‡
Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.1 34.2 53.4 –50 –68 13.5 24.1 40.7 –44 –67 24.0 52.5 98.5 –54 –76 31.0 74.0 60.4 –58 –49
Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.6 33.3 53.7 –47 –67 13.2 24.3 46.8 –46 –72 21.9 42.8 98.9 –49 –78 36.3 84.4 121.3 –57 –70
West Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.9 45.8 58.0 –30 –45 32.6 46.1 57.6 –29 –43 27.4 51.0 82.6 –46 –67 26.3 40.8 * † ‡
Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.2 31.1 43.7 –48 –63 10.1 19.3 30.0 –48 –66 47.2 87.9 180.8 –46 –74 34.1 84.5 91.7 –60 –63
Wyoming
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.2 49.9 54.3 –41 –46 26.8 41.6 49.9 –36 –46 * * * ‡ ‡ 35.3 95.1 77.4 –63 –54
† Difference not statistically significant.
* Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; based on fewer than 20 births in the numerator.
‡ Difference not calculable; rate not reliable.
--- Data not available; New Hampshire did not report Hispanic origin in 1991.
1
Includes births to race and Hispanic-origin groups not shown separately, such as white Hispanic and black Hispanic women, and births with origin not stated.
2
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) standards. Forty-nine states and the District
of Columbia reported multiple-race data in 2015 that were bridged to the single-race categories of the 1977 OMB standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary for 2007 and 2015.
3
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
NOTES: Comparisons are made with 2007 and 1991 because these years represent recent and longer-term highs in teenage birth rates. Birth rates by state are based on population estimates provided by the U.S. Census Bureau and, therefore, the
rates shown here may differ from rates computed on the basis of other population estimates. Rates by race and Hispanic origin cannot be computed for the territories because populations by race and Hispanic origin are not available for these areas.
8 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
(generally considered to be 2,100 births per 1,000 women). TFR
has generally been below replacement since 1971 (17). With the
exception of Hispanic women, the rates for all other groups were
below replacement (Tables 8 and 14).
Births and birth rates by state
From 2014 to 2015, the number of births rose in 3 states
(Colorado, Florida, and Texas); declined in 8 states (Arizona,
California, Connecticut, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania,
Vermont, and West Virginia); and was essentially unchanged
in the remaining 39 states and DC. Among U.S. territories, the
number of births declined in Puerto Rico and Northern Marianas,
and was essentially unchanged in Guam and American Samoa
(Tables 10 and 11).
GFR declined (1%–3%) in 8 states (Arizona, California,
Massachusetts, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas,
and Utah) and was essentially unchanged in the 42 remaining
states and DC from 2014 to 2015. Rates among the states ranged
from 51.1 births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in Vermont to
78.2 in South Dakota (Table 12). GFR declined in Puerto Rico
and Northern Marianas, and was essentially unchanged in Guam
and American Samoa.
Birth rates for teenagers by state
From 2014 to 2015, the birth rate for teenagers aged 15–19
declined in 37 states, with declines ranging from 4% for Maryland
to 18% for Vermont, and was essentially unchanged in the
remaining 13 states (Alaska, Arkansas, Idaho, Maine, Montana,
Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oregon,
Rhode Island, South Dakota, and Wyoming) and DC. Rates
among the states ranged from 9.4 births per 1,000 teenagers
aged 15–19 in Massachusetts to 38.0 in Arkansas (Tables B and
12). The wide range in state-specific teen rates is consistent with
patterns observed in previous analyses (16,20).
Since 2007, the most recent national high, the birth rate for
teenagers aged 15–19 has declined in all states, with the rates
by race and Hispanic origin declining or essentially unchanged
(Table B). From both 2007 to 2015 and 1991 to 2015, the teen
birth rate did not significantly increase for any state by race and
Hispanic-origin group.
Teen birth rates declined for Puerto Rico and Guam and
were essentially unchanged for American Samoa and Northern
Marianas. Rates among the territories ranged from 33.9 births
per 1,000 teenagers aged 15–19 in Puerto Rico to 46.9 in
American Samoa (Table 12).
Births to unmarried women
The birth rate for unmarried women declined for the seventh
consecutive year in 2015, to 43.4 births per 1,000 unmarried
women aged 15–44 (Tables 15 and 16; Figure 4). The 2015
nonmarital birth rate was 1% lower than in 2014 (43.9) and 16%
lower than the peak of 51.8 in 2007 and 2008.
In contrast to trends among unmarried women, the birth
rate for married women—which had declined 4% for 2005–
2010—was stable from 2014 to 2015 and is up 6% since 2010
(from 84.3 per 1,000 married women aged 15–44 to 89.0), the
most recent low (Figure 4).
The percentage of all births to unmarried women was 40.3%
in 2015, similar to the 2014 percentage of 40.2% in 2014, the
lowest levels since 2007. The percentage of all births to unmarried
women peaked in 2009 at 41.0%. In 2015, the percentage of
nonmarital births varied widely among population groups, from
16.4% for API mothers to 70.6% for non-Hispanic black mothers
(Table 15). The number of nonmarital births decreased by less
than 1% from 2014 (1,604,870) to 2015 (1,601,527).
Nonmarital birth rates declined from 2014 to 2015 for
women in age groups under 30, with rates for teenagers aged
15–19 dropping 9% (to 20.2 per 1,000 in 2015). Conversely,
rates rose for all age groups over age 30, reaching a historic peak
for women aged 30–34 (60.3).
Compositional differences by race and Hispanic origin and
maternal age among states are major contributing factors to the
geographic variation in the percentage of births to unmarried
mothers (Table I–4). The percentages ranged from less than one
in five births in Utah (18.8%) to more than one-half of births in
Louisiana, Mississippi, and New Mexico.
Figure 3. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States,
1990–2015
1
5
10
50
100
200
1
5
10
50
100
200
NOTE: Rates are plotted on a logarithmic scale.
SOURCE: NCHS, National Vital Statistics System.
Rate per 1,000 women
15–19
20–24
25–29
30–34
40–44
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
35–39
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 9
Age and race of father
The fertility rate of men for the United States in 2015 was
46.1 births per 1,000 men aged 15–54, down slightly (less
than 1%) from 2014 (46.3) (Table 17). Similar to fertility rates
among women, rates declined for all men under age 30 (down
8% for men aged 15–19, 4% for men aged 20–24, and 3% for
men aged 25–29) and rose for men aged 35 and over (up less
than 1% for men aged 35–39, 3% for men aged 40–49, and 4%
for men aged 50–54). Rates for men aged 30–34 and 55 and
over were statistically unchanged in 2015. Rates for men aged
15–19 (10.4), 20–24 (51.6), and 25–29 (87.4) were once more
at record lows in 2015, whereas the rates for men aged 35–39
(69.1), 40–44 (28.6), and 45–49 (9.6) were the highest in more
than 40 years (17).
Information on age of father is often missing on birth
certificates of children born to women under age 25 and to
unmarried women. In 2015, age of father was not reported for
12% of all births, 31% of births to all women under age 20, and
28% of all nonmarital births. The procedures for computing
birth rates by age of father that account for the missing data
are described in the User Guide (12). Note also that the father’s
race was not reported for 18.3% of all records; rates by Hispanic
origin of father are not shown because of concerns about
reliability of these data.
The birth rate for white men was unchanged in 2015 at 44.4
births per 1,000 men aged 15–54, and declined 1% for black
men, to 57.2. Rates declined for both white and black men under
age 30, rose for both white men aged 30–54 and black men aged
35–54, and were unchanged for the remaining age groups.
Medical Services Utilization
Attendant at birth and place of delivery
In 2015, 98.5% of all births in the United States were in
hospitals. Doctors of medicine attended 84.0% of all hospital
births, certified nurse midwives 8.1%, and doctors of osteopathy
7.1% (Tables 19 and 20).
Out-of-hospital deliveries represented 1.5% of births in
2015. Of the more than 61,000 out-of-hospital births in the United
States in 2015, 63.1% occurred in a residence (home) and 30.9%
in a freestanding birthing center (Table 20). The percentage
of out-of-hospital births has risen from 0.9% in 2007 to 1.5%
in 2014 and 2015. The number of births occurring at home in
2015, 38,542, was the highest reported since reporting began
for this item in 1989 (21). Vermont had the highest percentage of
home births (2.5%) in 2015, with seven other states over 2.0%
(Table I–12). Six states reported that less than one-half of a
percentage of their births occurred at home.
Method of delivery
The cesarean delivery rate declined for the third year in a
row to 32.0% of U.S. births in 2015, down from 32.2% in 2014
and the lowest rate since 2007 (Table 21). The rate peaked in
2009 at 32.9% after increasing every year since 1996 (20.7%).
In 2015, cesarean delivery rates declined for all maternal age
groups. The largest changes were among maternal age groups
under age 25, down 2% (from 26.9% to 26.4%) for women aged
Figure 4. Trends in marital and nonmarital birth rates: United States, 2005–2015
87. 9
88.7
89.1
86.9
85.6
84.3
85.1
86.0
86.9
88.9
89.0
47. 2
50.3
51.8 51.8
49.9
47.5
46.0
45.3
44.3
43.9
43.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Marital
Nonmarital
Rate per 1,000 women
SOURCE: NCHS, National Vital Statistics System.
10 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
20–24 and down 3% (from 21.0% to 20.4%) for women under
age 20. Cesarean delivery continues to increase with advancing
maternal age; women aged 40 and older were more than twice as
likely to deliver by cesarean as women under age 20 (Table 22).
Changes from 2014 to 2015 varied by race and Hispanic origin
(Table 21). The rate declined for non-Hispanic white women for
the sixth consecutive year, from 31.4% in 2014 to 31.1% in 2015
(down 5% from the 2009 peak of 32.8%). Rates declined for the
second year in a row for Hispanic women, from 31.9% in 2014
to 31.7% in 2015. Rates for non-Hispanic black women remained
essentially unchanged (35.5%). For the third year in a row, non-
Hispanic white women had the lowest cesarean delivery rate; non-
Hispanic black women continued to have the highest rate.
Cesarean delivery rates declined from 2014 to 2015 for 13
states (Table I–7). The largest decline was reported for Montana
(5%). Rates increased for Hawaii (5%) and Utah (2%), and were
unchanged for 35 states and DC.
In recent years, efforts within the obstetrics community have
focused on reducing nonmedically indicated cesarean delivery
and induction of labor prior to 39 weeks (22–25). Since 2009,
cesarean delivery rates for births under 39 weeks of gestation
(based on the obstetric estimate) have declined, driven largely
by changes at 38 weeks (Figure 1). From 2014 to 2015, cesarean
delivery rates also declined among births at 39 weeks and over.
The low-risk cesarean delivery rate—that is, cesarean
delivery among nulliparous (first birth), term (37 completed
weeks or more, based on the obstetric estimate), singleton (one
fetus), vertex (head first) births—decreased from 26.0% to 25.8%
from 2014 to 2015. Table C shows changes in low-risk cesarean
delivery rates from 2014 by maternal age, race and Hispanic
origin, and gestational age. A recent report examines the changes
in low-risk cesarean delivery from 2009 through 2013 (26).
Information for 2015 on primary cesarean and vaginal birth
after cesarean delivery for the revised reporting area (48 states
and DC) is presented in the User Guide (12). A recent report
examined trends in primary cesarean delivery rates by state and
for limited reporting areas through 2012 (27).
Use of forceps and vacuum extraction continued to decline
in 2015 (Table D). Use of either method of instrumental delivery
decreased from 3.21% in 2014 to 3.14% in 2015 (down from
9.01% in 1990; data on method of delivery are available from
1989). Use of forceps remains the rarer method, essentially
remaining steady in 2015 at 0.56% (from 0.57% in 2014),
compared with vacuum extraction, which declined from 2.64%
to 2.58%.
Infant Health Characteristics
Period of gestation
The preterm birth rate rose slightly in the United States for
2015, to 9.63% from 9.57% in 2014. This marks the first rise
in the percentage of infants delivered at less than 37 completed
weeks of gestation since 2007; the rate had declined steadily
from 2007 (10.44%) to 2014 (Tables E and 23–25). (Gestational
age data used in this report are based on the obstetric estimate
of gestation; national data based on the obstetric estimate are
available only from 2007 [28]; see Technical Notes.) The early
preterm birth rate (less than 34 weeks) was essentially stable at
2.76% in 2015 and is down from 2.93% in 2007 (28). The late
preterm birth rate (34–36 weeks) rose from 6.82% to 6.87%
Table C. Low-risk cesarean delivery, by age of mother, race
and Hispanic origin of mother, and gestational age: 2014 and
2015
Characteristic 2015 2014
Percent
change,
2014–2015
Percent
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.8 26.0 –1
Age of mother (years)
Under 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.7 17.4 –4
20–24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1 22.6 –2
25–29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.7 25.9 –1
30–34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.1 30.4 –1
35–39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.0 39.4 –1
40 and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.0 52.7 *
Race and Hispanic origin of mother
Non-Hispanic white . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.8 25.0 –1
Non-Hispanic black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.7 29.9 *
American Indian or Alaska Native . . . . . . . 22.2 21.9 *
Asian or Pacific Islander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.5 27.5 *
Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.2 25.8 –2
Gestational age (weeks)
Early term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.9 23.7 1
37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.1 26.5 2
38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1 22.2 *
Full term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3 25.7 –2
39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3 25.7 –2
40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.4 25.6 –1
Late term¹ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.8 32.3 –2
Post term
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.3 36.3 *
* Difference is not significant at p = 0.05.
1
41 completed weeks based on obstetric estimate.
2
42 completed weeks or more based on obstetric estimate.
NOTE: Low-risk cesarean is defined as singleton, term (37 weeks or more of gestation
based on the obstetric estimate), vertex (not breech) cesarean deliveries to women having
a first birth per 100 women delivering singleton, term, vertex first births.
Table D. Live births delivered by forceps or vacuum
extraction: United States, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and
2013–2015
Year Forceps Vacuum extraction Forceps or vacuum
Percent
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.56 2.58 3.14
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.57 2.64 3.21
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.59 2.72 3.30
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.66 2.96 3.62
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.93 3.87 4.80
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.07 4.85 6.92
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.48 5.90 9.38
1
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.11 3.90 9.01
1
Excludes data for Oklahoma, which did not require reporting of method of delivery.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 11
from 2014 to 2015; this rate had also declined from 2007
(7.51%) to 2014 (Table E).
The percentage of infants born early term (37–38 weeks)
rose 2% from 2014 to 2015, from 24.76% to 24.99%, and
the full-term birth rate declined slightly, from 58.72% to
58.47%. From 2007 to 2014, the early-term birth rate had
generally been on the decline, and the full-term rate had been
on the rise (Table E). Reductions in late preterm and early-term
deliveries from 2007 through 2014 may have been related to
heightened understanding of the increased neonatal risk at these
gestational ages compared with full term, and with subsequent
recommendations and efforts to reduce nonmedically indicated
deliveries prior to 39 weeks (29–33).
Increases in preterm birth rates from 2014 to 2015 were
seen for infants born to non-Hispanic black (from 13.23% to
13.41%) and Hispanic (9.03% to 9.14%) women; the rate for
non-Hispanic white women was essentially stable at 8.88% in
2015, compared with 8.91% for 2014. Rates had declined for
each group since 2007, however, down 10% for non-Hispanic
white (from 9.90% in 2007), 9% for non-Hispanic black
(14.71%), and 2% for Hispanic (9.35%) infants.
The preterm birth rate for singleton births also rose from
2014 to 2015, from 7.74% in 2014 to 7.82% in 2015. The
singleton preterm birth rate had declined from 2007 (8.59%)
(Table F for 2015 data). Analyzing births in singleton deliveries
separately is important because of the shorter average gestations
of multiple births and their accordant influence on overall
gestational age measures (see “Multiple births”).
Increases in preterm birth rates were observed in four states
from 2014 to 2015: Arkansas, California, Nebraska, and North
Carolina. Rates declined in four states: Montana, New York,
Texas, and Wyoming. Nonsignificant differences were reported
for the remaining states and DC (Table I–8).
Birthweight
The percentage of infants born low birthweight (LBW)
rose slightly in 2015 to 8.07% from 8.00% in 2014. Following
increases of nearly 20% from 1990 through 2006, the LBW rate
(less than 2,500 grams or 5 pounds, 8 ounces) trended slightly
downward from the 2006 peak (8.26%) to 2012 (7.99%), but
has not improved since (Tables 23–25). The very low birthweight
rate (less than 1,500 grams) was stable at 1.40% from 2014
to 2015, but the percentage of moderately low birthweight
infants (1,500–2,499 grams) increased from 6.60% to 6.67%
(Table 24). Weight at birth is closely associated with gestational
Table E. Distribution of births, by selected gestational age categories: United States, 2007–2015
Obstetric estimate
Year Births
Preterm Early term Full term Late term Post term
Not
stated
Total under
37 weeks
27 weeks
and under
28–31
weeks
32–33
weeks
34–36
weeks
37–38
weeks
39–40
weeks 41 weeks
42 weeks
and over
Number Percent Number
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 9.63 0.68 0.91 1.17 6.87 24.99 58.47 6.51 0.40 2,926
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,988,076 9.57 0.69 0.91 1.15 6.82 24.76 58.72 6.53 0.42 3,246
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,932,181 9.62 0.70 0.92 1.17 6.83 24.81 58.85 6.31 0.41 7,467
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,952,841 9.76 0.71 0.92 1.17 6.96 25.47 58.30 6.06 0.40 8,380
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,953,590 9.81 0.70 0.93 1.18 6.99 26.09 57.51 6.16 0.43 9,290
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,999,386 9.98 0.71 0.94 1.18 7.15 27.29 56.08 6.19 0.46 10,538
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,130,665 10.07 0.71 0.94 1.18 7.24 28.24 54.98 6.23 0.48 11,748
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,247,694 10.36 0.71 0.95 1.22 7.47 29.69 53.26 6.17 0.52 14,194
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,316,233 10.44 0.74 0.97 1.22 7.51 29.46 53.02 6.50 0.58 20,286
Table F. Gestational age and birthweight characteristics, by plurality: United States, 2015
All births Singletons Twins Triplets Quadruplets
Quintuplets and
higher-order
multiples
1
Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 3,841,219 133,155 3,871 228 24
Percent very preterm
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.59 1.23 10.70 37.12 81.14 95.83
Percent preterm
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.63 7.82 59.11 98.63 98.25 100.00
Percent very low birthweight
4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.40 1.08 9.56 36.35 79.09 100.00
Percent low birthweight
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.07 6.34 55.41 95.65 98.64 100.00
1
Quintuplets, sextuplets, and higher-order multiple births are not differentiated in the national data set.
2
Under 32 completed weeks of gestation.
³Under 37 completed weeks of gestation.
4
Less than 1,500 grams.
5
Less than 2,500 grams.
12 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
age and can be an important and independent predictor of short-
and long-term outcome (34–36).
LBW levels were essentially stable among births to
non-Hispanic white mothers at 6.93%, but rose among births
to non-Hispanic black (from 13.17% to 13.35%) and Hispanic
(from 7.05% to 7.21%) mothers (Table 24). From 1990 through
2006, LBW rates rose among each group; since 2006, however,
rates have declined somewhat among non-Hispanic white (5%)
and non-Hispanic black (4%) infants. Among Hispanic newborns,
rates had fluctuated fairly narrowly, but the 2015 LBW rate for
this group is the highest reported since national data have been
available by Hispanic origin (1993). See Tables I–9 and I–10 for
2015 state-specific very low birthweight and low birthweight
rates by race and Hispanic origin.
Births in singleton deliveries are often examined separately
because multiple births tend to be born smaller than singletons,
and changes in multiple-birth incidence can influence overall low
birthweight levels; see Table F and “Multiple births” section. As
for all births, the rate of singleton LBW also rose for 2015, to
6.34% from 6.24% in 2014.
Multiple births
The twin birth rate declined to 33.5 twins per 1,000 births
in 2015 from 33.9 in 2014. The twinning rate (births in twin
deliveries per 1,000 total births) rose 76% from 1980 to 2009
(from 18.9 to 33.2 per 1,000), was generally stable from 2009
through 2012, and rose for 2013; the 2014 rate was the highest
ever reported (Tables 26 and 27).
The triplet and higher-order multiple birth rate (triplet/+)
declined again in 2015, down 9% to 103.6 triplets per 100,000
total births from 113.5 in 2014. This rate has fallen 46% since
the 1998 peak (193.5) and is the lowest reported since 1992.
The triplet/+ birth rate (number of triplets, quadruplets, and
quintuplets and other higher-order multiples per 100,000 births)
rose more than 400% from 1980 to 1998 (Tables 26 and 27).
There were 133,155 infants born in twin deliveries in 2015
(Table 27). The number of triplet/+ infants born in 2015, 4,123,
was the lowest number reported in more than 2 decades (1992).
In 2015, triplet/+ births included 3,871 triplets, 228 quadruplets,
and 24 quintuplets and higher-order multiple births (Table F).
The decline in the total triplet/+ birth rate from 2014 to 2015
and since the 1998 peak is largely the result of declines in rates
among non-Hispanic white women (Figure 5). The triplet/+ rate
among non-Hispanic white women dropped 13% from 2014
(140.9) to 2015 (122.8) and is down more than 50% from 1998
(262.8). In contrast, rates for non-Hispanic black women rose
modestly from 2014 to 2015 (from 89.7 to 104.4), and the
triplet/+ rate for Hispanic women was essentially stable at 66.1
in 2015. Fluctuating trends from 1998 to 2015 were observed
among non-Hispanic black women; among Hispanic women,
triplet/+ birth rates have also fluctuated but are down from the
highs of the early 2000s (e,g., 85.9 in 2003).
Figure 5. Triplet and higher-order multiple birth rates, by race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States,
1998–2015
All races
Non-Hispanic white
NOTE: Triplet and higher-order births are births in triplet and higher-order multiple deliveries.
SOURCE: NCHS, National Vital Statistics System.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Rate per 100,000 births
2015
Non-Hispanic black
Hispanic
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 13
The rise in multiple birth rates during the 1980s and
1990s has been associated with expanded use of fertility
therapies (ovulation-inducing drugs and assisted reproductive
technologies [ART]) and older maternal age at childbearing
(37,38). An estimated 1.6% of 2013 births were the result of
ART therapies alone (39). Recent declines in triplet/+ birth rates
have been linked to changes in ART procedures (38,40).
Infants born in multiple deliveries ae at higher risk of adverse
birth outcomes compared with singletons, with risk increasing
with plurality. In 2015, as in previous years, more than 1 of every
2 twins and more than 9 of every 10 triplets were born preterm
or low birthweight (Table F).
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National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 15
List of Detailed Tables
Report tables
1. Births and birth rates, by race: United States, specified years
1940–1955 and each year, 1960–2015 .................. 16
2. Births, by age of mother, live-birth order, and race of mother:
United States, 2015 ................................. 18
3. Birth rates, by age of mother, live-birth order, and race of
mother: United States, 2015 ........................... 19
4. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States, 1970–2015, and by
age and race of mother: United States, 1980–2015 ......... 20
5. Births and birth rates, by Hispanic origin of mother, and
by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States,
1989–2015 ....................................... 24
6. Births, by age of mother, live-birth order, and Hispanic origin
of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin:
United States, 2015 ................................. 26
7. Birth rates, by age of mother, live-birth order, and Hispanic
origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin:
United States, 2015 ................................. 28
8. Birth rates, by age and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for
mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1989–2015 ... 29
9. Birth rates, by live-birth order and race and Hispanic origin of
mother: United States, 1980–2015 ...................... 35
10. Births, by race of mother: United States, each state and territory,
2015 ............................................ 38
11. Births, by Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers
of non-Hispanic origin: United States, each state and
territory, 2015 ..................................... 40
12. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States, each state and
territory, 2015 ..................................... 42
13. Selected demographic characteristics of births, by race of
mother: United States, 2015 ........................... 44
14. Selected demographic characteristics of births, by Hispanic
origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin:
United States, 2015 ................................. 45
15. Births and birth rates for unmarried women, by age, race and
Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015 ............. 46
16. Birth rates for unmarried women, by age of mother: United
States, 1970, 1975, and 1980–2015, and by age and race and
Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015 ........ 47
17. Birth rates, by age and race of father: United States,
1980–2015 ....................................... 51
18. Selected medical and health characteristics of births, by race of
mother: United States, 2015 ........................... 53
19. Selected medical and health characteristics of births, by
Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-
Hispanic origin: United States, 2015 ..................... 54
20. Births, by attendant, place of delivery, and race and Hispanic
origin of mother: United States, 2015 .................... 55
21. Births, by method of delivery and Hispanic origin of mother:
United States, 1989–2015 ............................ 56
22. Births, by method of delivery by age and race and Hispanic
origin of mother: United States, 2015 .................... 57
23. Births, by birthweight, gestational age, and race and Hispanic
origin of mother: United States, 2015 .................... 58
24. Very preterm and preterm births: United States, 2007–2015,
and very low birthweight and low birthweight births, by race
and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1989–2015 ..... 60
25. Preterm and low birthweight births, by age and race and
Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015 ............. 61
26. Births, by plurality, age, and race and Hispanic origin of mother:
United States, 2015 ................................. 63
27. Twin, triplet, and higher-order multiple births, by race and
Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015 ........ 64
List of Internet Tables
(Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr66/nvsr66
_01_tables.pdf)
I–1. Mean age of mother, by live-birth order and race and Hispanic
origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015
I–2. Births and seasonally adjusted birth rates, by month:
United States, 2015
I–3. Births, by day of week and method of delivery: United States,
2015
I–4. Births to unmarried women, by race and Hispanic origin of
mother: United States, each state and territory, 2015
I–5. Births, by weight gain of mother during pregnancy, plurality,
gestational age, and race and Hispanic origin of mother:
United States, 2015
I–6. Selected risk factors, obstetric procedures, characteristics of
labor and delivery, and congenital anomalies, by age and race
and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015
I–7. Total cesarean delivery and low-risk cesarean delivery, by race
and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, each state and
territory, 2015
I–8. Preterm births, by race and Hispanic origin of mother:
United States, each state and territory, 2015
I–9. Low birthweight births, by race and Hispanic origin of mother:
United States, each state and territory, 2015
I–10. Very low birthweight births, by race and Hispanic origin of
mother: United States, each state and territory, 2015
I–11. Twin, triplet, and higher-order multiple births, by state:
United States and each state, 2013–2015
I–12. Births occurring at home, by state: United States and each state,
2015
16 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 1. Births and birth rates, by race: United States, specified years 1940–1955 and each year, 1960–2015
[Birth rates are births per 1,000 population in specified group. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified group. Populations based on counts
enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Beginning with 1970, excludes births to nonresidents of the United States]
Year
Number Birth rate Fertility rate
All
races
1
White Black
American
Indian or
Alaska
Native
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
All
races
1
White Black
American
Indian or
Alaska
Native
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
All
races
1
White Black
American
Indian or
Alaska
Native
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
Registered births Race of mother
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 3,012,855 640,079 44,299 281,264 12.4 12.0 14.3 9.7 14.0 62.5 63.1 64.0 43.9 58.5
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,988,076 3,019,863 640,562 44,928 282,723 12.5 12.0 14.5 9.9 14.6 62.9 63.2 64.6 44.8 60.7
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,932,181 2,985,757 634,760 45,991 265,673 12.4 12.0 14.5 10.3 14.3 62.5 62.7 64.7 46.4 59.2
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,952,841 2,999,820 634,126 46,093 272,802 12.6 12.1 14.7 10.5 15.1 63.0 63.0 65.1 47.0 62.2
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,953,590 3,020,355 632,901 46,419 253,915 12.7 12.2 14.8 10.7 14.5 63.2 63.4 65.5 47.7 59.9
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,999,386 3,069,315 636,425 46,760 246,886 13.0 12.5 15.1 11.0 14.5 64.1 64.4 66.3 48.6 59.2
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,130,665 3,173,293 657,618 48,665 251,089 13.5 13.0 15.8 11.8 15.1 66.2 66.4 68.8 51.6 61.3
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,247,694 3,274,163 670,809 49,537 253,185 14.0 13.5 16.3 12.4 15.7 68.1
68.3 70.6 54.0 63.3
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,316,233 3,336,626 675,676 49,443 254,488 14.3 13.8 16.7 12.9 16.4 69.3 69.4 71.7 55.5 65.3
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,265,555 3,310,308 666,481 47,721 241,045 14.3 13.8 16.7 12.9 16.0 68.6 68.7 71.4 55.3 63.7
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,138,349 3,229,294 633,134 44,813 231,108 14.0 13.6 16.1 12.6 15.9 66.7 66.8 68.5 53.6 63.0
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,112,052 3,222,928 616,074 43,927 229,123 14.0 13.6 15.9 12.8 16.4 66.4 66.5 67.2 54.2 64.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,089,950 3,225,848 599,847 43,052 221,203 14.1 13.7 15.7 13.0 16.4 66.1 66.4 66.0 54.8 64.2
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,021,726 3,174,760 593,691 42,368 210,907 14.0 13.6 15.7 13.2 16.3 65.0 65.1 65.7 55.7 63.3
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,025,933 3,177,626 606,156 41,872 200,279 14.1 13.7 16.3 13.5 16.1 65.1 65.0 67.5 56.8 62.5
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,058,814 3,194,005 622,598 41,668 200,543 14.4 13.9 17.0 14.0 17.1 65.9 65.3 70.0 58.7 65.8
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,959,417 3,132,501 605,970 40,170 180,776 14.2 13.7 16.8 14.2 15.9 64.4 64.0 68.5 59.0 60.9
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,941,553 3,118,727 609,902 40,272 172,652 14.3 13.8 17.1 14.8 15.9 64.3 63.6 69.4 61.3 60.1
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,880,894 3,072,640 599,913 38,572 169,769 14.2 13.7 17.1 14.7 16.2 63.6 62.8 69.0 60.8 61.3
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,891,494 3,093,057 594,781 37,880 165,776 14.4 13.9 17.3 14.9 16.5 64.1 63.3 69.2 61.8 62.3
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,899,589 3,098,885 603,139 37,278 160,287 14.6 14.1 17.8 15.3 16.7 64.6 63.6 71.0 63.0 62.6
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,952,767 3,121,004 636,391 37,740 157,632 15.0 14.3 19.1 16.0 17.1 65.9 64.2 75.9 65.8 63.9
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,000,240 3,149,833 658,875 38,732 152,800 15.4 14.6 20.2 17.0 17.3 67.0 64.9 79.6 69.7 64.3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,065,014 3,201,678 673,633 39,453 150,250 15.8 15.0 21.1 17.9 17.9 68.4 66.1 82.4 73.1 66.1
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,110,907 3,241,273 682,602 38,841 145,372 16.2 15.3 21.8 18.3 18.3 69.3 66.7 84.8 73.9 67.1
1990 . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 4,158,212 3,290,273 684,336 39,051 141,635 16.7 15.8 22.4 18.9 19.0 70.9 68.3 86.8 76.2 69.6
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,040,958 3,192,355 673,124 39,478 133,075 16.4 15.4 22.3 19.7 18.7 69.2 66.4 86.2 79.0 68.2
1988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,909,510 3,102,083 638,562 37,088 129,035 16.0 15.0 21.5 19.3 19.2 67.3 64.5 82.6 76.8 70.2
1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,809,394 3,043,828 611,173 35,322 116,560 15.7 14.9 20.8 19.1 18.4 65.8 63.3 80.1 75.6 67.1
1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,756,547 3,019,175 592,910 34,169 107,797 15.6 14.8 20.5 19.2 18.0 65.4 63.1 78.9 75.9 66.0
1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,760,561 3,037,913 581,824 34,037 104,606 15.8 15.0 20.4 19.8 18.7 66.3 64.1 78.8 78.6 68.4
2
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,669,141 2,967,100 568,138 33,256 98,926 15.6 14.8 20.1 20.1 18.8 65.5 63.2 78.2 79.8 69.2
2
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,638,933 2,946,468 562,624 32,881 95,713 15.6 14.8 20.2 20.6 19.5 65.7 63.4 78.7 81.8 71.7
2
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,680,537 2,984,817 568,506 32,436 93,193 15.9 15.1 20.7 21.1 20.3 67.3 64.8 80.9 83.6 74.8
2
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,629,238 2,947,679 564,955 29,688 84,553 15.8 15.0 20.8 20.0 20.1 67.3 64.8 82.0 79.6 73.7
2
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,612,258 2,936,351 568,080 29,389 74,355 15.9 15.1 21.3 20.7 19.9 68.4 65.6 84.7 82.7 73.2
Race of child
2
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,612,258 2,898,732 589,616 36,797 --- 15.9 14.9 22.1 --- --- 68.4 64.7 88.1 --- ---
2
1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,494,398 2,808,420 577,855 34,269 --- 15.6 14.5 22.0 --- --- 67.2 63.4 88.3 --- ---
2
1978 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,333,279 2,681,116 551,540 33,160 --- 15.0 14.0 21.3 --- --- 65.5 61.7 86.7 --- ---
2
1977 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,326,632 2,691,070 544,221 30,500 --- 15.1 14.1 21.4 --- --- 66.8 63.2 88.1 --- ---
2
1976 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,167,788 2,567,614 514,479 29,009 --- 14.6 13.6 20.5 --- --- 65.0 61.5 85.8 --- ---
2
1975 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,144,198 2,551,996 511,581 27,546 --- 14.6 13.6 20.7 --- --- 66.0 62.5 87.9 --- ---
2
1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,159,958 2,575,792 507,162 26,631 --- 14.8 13.9 20.8 --- --- 67.8 64.2 89.7 --- ---
2
1973 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,136,965 2,551,030 512,597 26,464 --- 14.8 13.8 21.4 --- --- 68.8 64.9 93.6 --- ---
2
1972 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,258,411 2,655,558 531,329 27,368 --- 15.6 14.5 22.5 --- --- 73.1 68.9 99.9 --- ---
3
1971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,555,970 2,919,746 564,960 27,148 --- 17.2 16.1 24.4 --- --- 81.6 77.3 109.7 --- ---
3
1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,731,386 3,091,264 572,362 25,864 --- 18.4 17.4 25.3 --- --- 87.9 84.1 115.4 --- ---
3
1969 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,600,206 2,993,614 543,132 24,008 --- 17.9 16.9 24.4 --- --- 86.1 82.2 112.1 --- ---
3
1968 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,501,564 2,912,224 531,152 24,156 --- 17.6 16.6 24.2 --- --- 85.2 81.3 112.7 --- ---
4
1967 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,520,959 2,922,502 543,976 22,665 --- 17.8 16.8 25.1 --- --- 87.2 82.8 118.5 --- ---
3
1966 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,606,274 2,993,230 558,244 23,014 --- 18.4 17.4 26.2 --- --- 90.8 86.2 124.7 --- ---
3
1965 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,760,358 3,123,860 581,126 24,066 --- 19.4 18.3 27.7 --- --- 96.3 91.3 133.2 --- ---
3
1964 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,027,490 3,369,160 607,556 24,382 --- 21.1 20.0 29.5 --- --- 104.7 99.8 142.6 --- ---
3,5
1963 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,098,020 3,326,344 580,658 22,358 --- 21.7 20.7 --- --- --- 108.3 103.6 --- --- ---
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 17
Table 1. Births and birth rates, by race: United States, specified years 1940–1955 and each year, 1960–2015—Con.
[Birth rates are births per 1,000 population in specified group. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified group. Populations based on counts
enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Beginning with 1970, excludes births to nonresidents of the United States]
Year
Number Birth rate Fertility rate
All
races
1
White Black
American
Indian or
Alaska
Native
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
All
races
1
White Black
American
Indian or
Alaska
Native
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
All
races
1
White Black
American
Indian or
Alaska
Native
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
Race of child
1962
3,5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,167,362 3,394,068 584,610 21,968 --- 22.4 21.4 --- --- --- 112.0 107.5 --- --- ---
1961³ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,268,326 3,600,864 611,072 21,464 --- 23.3 22.2 --- --- --- 117.1 112.3 --- --- ---
1960
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,257,850 3,600,744 602,264 21,114 --- 23.7 22.7 31.9 --- --- 118.0 113.2 153.5 --- ---
Births adjusted for
underregistration
1955 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,097,000 3,485,000 --- --- --- 25.0 23.8 --- --- --- 118.3 113.7 --- --- ---
1950 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,632,000 3,108,000 --- --- --- 24.1 23.0 --- --- --- 106.2 102.3 --- --- ---
1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,858,000 2,471,000 --- --- --- 20.4 19.7 --- --- --- 85.9 83.4 --- --- ---
1940 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,559,000 2,199,000 --- --- --- 19.4 18.6 --- --- --- 79.9 77.1 --- --- ---
--- Data not available.
1
For 1960–1991, includes births to races not shown separately. For 1992 and later years, unknown race of mother is imputed; see Technical Notes.
2
Based on 100% of births in selected states and on a 50% sample of births in all other states; see reference 12.
3
Based on a 50% sample of births.
4
Based on a 20%–50% sample of births.
5
Figures by race exclude New Jersey.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary
for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes. In this table, all women, including Hispanic women, are classified only according to their race; see Technical Notes.
18 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 2. Births, by age of mother, live-birth order, and race of mother: United States, 2015
[Live-birth order refers to number of children born alive to mother]
Live-birth order and race
of mother
All
ages
Age of mother
Under
15
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 Total 15 16 17 18 19
All races . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 2,500 229,715 7,589 18,430 35,165 63,508 105,023 850,509 1,152,311 1,094,693 527,996 111,848 8,171 754
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,525,594 2,474 190,538 7,371 17,403 31,540 53,294 80,930 431,994 427,498 327,605 118,881 23,976 2,396 232
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,270,034 16 33,353 187 904 3,254 8,916 20,092 278,360 381,675 373,560 170,125 30,784 1,996 165
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671,884 3 4,405 4 62 231 959 3,149 100,438 209,268 216,642 116,648 23,048 1,317 115
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288,766 1 481 3 6 22 90 360 27,457 84,359 99,450 61,592 14,431 907 88
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,207 – 62 – – 5 12 45 6,539 28,778 40,288 28,101 7,846 541 52
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,100 – 9 – – 1 4 4 1,394 9,747 17,079 13,422 4,117 305 27
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,247 – 4 – 1 – 1 2 324 3,265 7,736 7,252 2,436 198 32
8th child and over . . . . . . . . 22,245 – 10 – – 2 2 6 308 1,753 6,279 8,942 4,473 447 33
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,420 6 853 24 54 110 230 435 3,695 5,968 6,054 3,033 737 64 10
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,012,855 1,512 165,934 5,043 12,843 25,135 46,262 76,651 620,891 885,936 850,028 400,342 81,865 5,858 489
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,153,172 1,496 138,307 4,905 12,185 22,688 39,008 59,521 318,477 333,018 252,800 89,770 17,434 1,728 142
2nd child
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 972,598 10 23,778 120 576 2,217 6,394 14,471 207,140 299,508 291,783 127,061 21,814 1,392 112
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514,784 – 2,944 3 42 141 651 2,107 70,507 160,723 172,587 90,206 16,819 929 69
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216,297 1 312 2 3 16 59 232 17,582 61,061 77,694 47,998 10,937 657 55
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,600 – 41 – – 2 9 30 3,773 19,059 29,810 21,504 5,976 397 40
6th child . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,949 – 3 – – – 1 2 740 5,786 12,029 10,038 3,123 211 19
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,459 – 3 – 1 – – 2 150 1,788 5,233 5,298 1,819 143 25
8th child and over . . . . . . . . 15,247 – 7 – – 2 1 4 190 944 3,856 6,421 3,454 353 22
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,749 5 539 13 36 69 139 282 2,332 4,049 4,236 2,046 489 48 5
Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640,079 898 54,746 2,255 4,883 8,625 14,794 24,189 189,986 180,147 130,669 66,430 15,860 1,195 148
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233,174 889 44,805 2,182 4,556 7,601 12,224 18,242 91,881 50,864 29,267 12,227 2,886 302 53
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183,821 5 8,222 60 290 900 2,191 4,781 59,466 56,941 37,786 17,356 3,749 270 26
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,297 3 1,265 1 17 83 260 904 25,590 38,487 29,808 15,490 3,423 205 26
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,265 – 147 1 3 3 29 111 8,567 19,147 16,368 9,585 2,291 147 13
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,083 – 20 – – 3 3 14 2,434 8,024 8,222 4,934 1,347 94 8
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,263 – 6 – – 1 3 2 596 3,303 3,962 2,600 731 61 4
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,414 – – – – – – – 150 1,249 2,009 1,511 450 40 5
8th child and over . . . . . . . . 5,745 – 3 – – _ 1 2 110 706
2,013 2,036 805 64 8
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,017 1 278 11 17 34 83 133 1,192 1,426 1,234 691 178 12 5
American Indian or Alaska
Native . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,299 53 4,738 168 420 823 1,287 2,040 13,458 12,842 8,506 3,824 824 51 3
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,233 53 3,853 164 397 737 1,065 1,490 5,593 2,824 1,306 480 116 8 –
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,032 – 745 4 19 79 187 456 4,619 3,791 1,987 745 135
9 1
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,299 – 108 – 3 1 29 75 2,208 3,023 2,005 793 152 9 1
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,761 – 13 – – 2 2 9 743 1,780 1,405 681 132 7 –
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,451 – 1 – – – – 1 195 843 855 450 102 5 –
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,236 – – – – – – – 38 365 477 282 67 6 1
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613 – 1 – – – 1 – 14 126 250 179 43 – –
8th child and over . . . . . . . . 511 – – – – – – – 5 44 188 194 73 7 –
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 – 17 – 1 4 3 9 43 46 33 20 4 – –
Asian or Pacific Islander . . 281,264 37 4,297 123 284 582 1,165 2,143 26,174 73,386 105,490 57,400 13,299 1,067 114
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,015 36 3,573 120 265 514 997 1,677 16,043
40,792 44,232 16,404 3,540 358 37
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,583 1 608 3 19 58 144 384 7,135 21,435 42,004 24,963 5,086 325 26
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,504 – 88 – – 6 19 63 2,133 7,035 12,242 10,159 2,654 174 19
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,443 – 9 – – 1 – 8 565 2,371 3,983 3,328 1,071 96 20
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,073 – – – – – – – 137 852 1,401 1,213 421 45 4
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,652 – – – – – – – 20 293 611 502 196 27 3
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761 – – – – – – – 10 102 244 264 124 15 2
8th child and over . . . . . . . . 742 – – – – – – – 3 59 222 291 141 23 3
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,491 – 19 – _ 3 5 11 128 447 551 276 66 4 –
– Quantity zero.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. In this table, all women, including
Hispanic women, are classified only according to their race; see Technical Notes.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 19
Table 3. Birth rates, by age of mother, live-birth order, and race of mother: United States, 2015
[Rates are births per 1,000 women in specified age and racial group. Fertility rate computed by relating total births, regardless of age of mother, to women aged 15–44
years. Populations estimated as of July 1. Live-birth order refers to number of children born alive to mother. Figures for live-birth order not stated are distributed]
Live-birth order and race of mother 15–44
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
1
45-49 Total 15–17 18–19
All races . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 0.2 22.3 9.9 40.7 76.8 104.3 101.5 51.8 11.0 0.8
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 0.2 18.5 9.2 32.5 39.2 38.9 30.5 11.7 2.4 0.3
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1 * 3.2 0.7 7.0 25.3 34.7 34.8 16.8 3.0 0.2
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6 * 0.4 0.0 1.0 9.1 19.0 20.2 11.5 2.3 0.1
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 * 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.5 7.7 9.3 6.1 1.4 0.1
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.6 2.6 3.8 2.8 0.8 0.1
6th and 7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 * * * * 0.2 1.2 2.3 2.0 0.6 0.1
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 * * * * 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.0
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1 0.2 21.3 9.2 39.3 75.3 107.6 104.8 52.2 10.6 0.8
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2 0.2 17.8 8.5 31.6 38.8 40.6 31.3 11.8 2.3 0.2
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.4 * 3.1 0.6 6.7 25.2 36.5 36.2 16.6 2.8 0.2
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8 * 0.4 0.0 0.9 8.6 19.6 21.4 11.8 2.2 0.1
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 * 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.1 7.5 9.6 6.3 1.4 0.1
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.5 2.3 3.7 2.8 0.8 0.1
6th and 7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 * * * * 0.1 0.9 2.1 2.0 0.6 0.0
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 * * * * 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.0
Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.0 0.5 32.0 15.3 57.1 100.2 101.8 81.0 43.4 10.7 0.9
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.5 0.5 26.3 14.0 44.8 48.8 29.0 18.3 8.1 2.0 0.2
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.5 * 4.8 1.2 10.3 31.6 32.4 23.7 11.5 2.6 0.2
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 * 0.7 0.1 1.7 13.6 21.9 18.7
10.2 2.3 0.2
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 * 0.1 * 0.2 4.5 10.9 10.2 6.3 1.6 0.1
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 * 0.0 * * 1.3 4.6 5.1 3.3 0.9 0.1
6th and 7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 * * * * 0.4 2.6 3.7 2.7 0.8 0.1
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 * * * * 0.1 0.4 1.3 1.3 0.5 0.0
American Indian or Alaska Native . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.9 0.3 25.7 12.7 45.8 70.2 73.2 51.7 25.2 5.8 0.4
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1 0.3 21.0 11.7 35.3 29.3 16.2 8.0 3.2 0.8 *
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0 * 4.1 0.9 8.9 24.2 21.7 12.1 4.9 1.0 *
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 * 0.6 * 1.4 11.6 17.3 12.2 5.3 1.1 *
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 * * * * 3.9 10.2 8.6 4.5 0.9 *
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 * * * * 1.0 4.8 5.2 3.0 0.7 *
6th and 7th child
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 * * * * 0.3 2.8 4.4 3.0 0.8 *
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 * * * * * 0.3 1.1 1.3 0.5 *
Asian or Pacific Islander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.5 0.1 6.9 2.7 12.8 35.6 84.1 117.4 67.6 15.9 1.6
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.1 0.1 5.8 2.5 10.4 21.9 47.0 49.5 19.4 4.3 0.5
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.2 * 1.0 0.2 2.1 9.8 24.7 47.0 29.5 6.1 0.5
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 * 0.1 * 0.3 2.9 8.1 13.7 12.0 3.2 0.3
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 * * * * 0.8 2.7 4.5 3.9 1.3 0.2
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 * * * * 0.2 1.0 1.6 1.4 0.5 0.1
6th and 7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 * * * * 0.0 0.5 1.0 0.9 0.4 0.1
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 * * * * * 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0
* Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; based on fewer than 20 births in numerator.
0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than 0.05.
1
Birth rates computed by relating births to women aged 45 and over to women aged 45–49; see Technical Notes.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. In this table, all women, including
Hispanic women, are classified only according to their race; see Technical Notes.
20 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 4. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States, 1970–2015, and by age and race of mother: United States,
1980–2015
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Birth rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations based on
counts enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and race
Total
fertility
rate
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
1
45–49 Total 15–17 18–19
All races
2
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,843.5 0.2 22.3 9.9 40.7 76.8 104.3 101.5 51.8 11.0 0.8
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,862.5 0.3 24.2 10.9 43.8 79.0 105.8 100.8 51.0 10.6 0.8
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,857.5 0.3 26.5 12.3 47.1 80.7 105.5 98.0 49.3 10.4 0.8
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,880.5 0.4 29.4 14.1 51.4 83.1 106.5 97.3 48.3 10.4 0.7
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,894.5 0.4 31.3 15.4 54.1 85.3 107.2 96.5 47.2 10.3 0.7
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,931.0 0.4 34.2 17.3 58.2 90.0 108.3 96.5 45.9 10.2 0.7
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,002.0 0.5 37.9 19.6 64.0 96.2 111.5 97.5 46.1 10.0 0.7
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,072.0 0.6 40.2 21.1 68.2 101.8 115.0 99.4 46.8 9.9 0.7
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,120.0 0.6 41.5 21.7 71.7 105.4 118.1 100.6 47.6 9.6 0.6
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,108.0 0.6 41.1 21.6 71.2 105.5 118.0 98.9 47.5 9.4 0.6
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,057.0 0.6 39.7 21.1 68.4 101.8 116.5 96.7 46.4 9.1 0.6
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,051.5 0.6 40.5 21.8 68.7 101.5 116.5 96.2 45.5 9.0 0.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,047.5 0.6 41.1 22.2 69.6 102.3 116.7 95.7 43.9 8.7 0.5
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,020.5 0.7 42.6 23.1 72.2 103.1 114.7 92.6 41.6 8.3 0.5
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,030.5 0.8 45.0 24.5 75.5 105.6 113.8 91.8 40.5 8.1 0.5
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,056.0 0.9 47.7 26.9 78.1 109.7 113.5 91.2 39.7 8.0 0.5
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,007.5 0.9 48.8 28.2 79.1 107.9 111.2 87.1 37.8 7.4 0.4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,999.0 1.0 50.3 29.9 80.9 108.4 110.2 85.2 36.9 7.4 0.4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,971.0 1.1 51.3 31.4 82.1 107.3 108.3 83.0 35.7 7.1 0.4
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,976.0 1.2 53.5 33.3 84.7 107.8 108.6 82.1 34.9 6.8 0.3
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,978.0 1.3 56.0 35.5 87.7 107.5 108.8 81.1 34.0 6.6 0.3
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,001.5 1.4 58.2 37.2 90.2 109.2 111.0 80.4 33.4 6.4 0.3
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,019.5 1.4 59.0 37.5 91.1 111.3 113.2 79.9 32.7 6.1 0.3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,046.0 1.4
60.3 37.6 93.6 113.7 115.7 79.6 32.3 5.9 0.3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,062.5 1.4 61.8 38.6 94.0 115.3 117.2 79.2 31.9 5.5 0.2
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,081.0 1.4 59.9 37.5 88.6 116.5 120.2 80.8 31.7 5.5 0.2
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,014.0 1.4 57.3 36.4 84.2 113.8 117.6 77.4 29.9 5.2 0.2
1988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,934.0 1.3 53.0 33.6 79.9 110.2 114.4 74.8 28.1 4.8 0.2
1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,872.0 1.3 50.6 31.7 78.5 107.9 111.6 72.1 26.3 4.4 0.2
1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,837.5 1.3 50.2 30.5 79.6 107.4 109.8 70.1 24.4 4.1 0.2
1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,844.0 1.2 51.0 31.0 79.6 108.3 111.0 69.1 24.0 4.0 0.2
3
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,806.5 1.2 50.6 31.0 77.4 106.8 108.7 67.0 22.9 3.9 0.2
3
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,799.0 1.1 51.4 31.8 77.4 107.8 108.5 64.9 22.0 3.9 0.2
3
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,827.5 1.1 52.4 32.3 79.4 111.6 111.0 64.1 21.2 3.9 0.2
3
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,812.0 1.1 52.2 32.0 80.0 112.2 111.5 61.4 20.0 3.8 0.2
3
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,839.5 1.1 53.0 32.5 82.1 115.1 112.9 61.9 19.8 3.9 0.2
3
1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,808.0 1.2 52.3 32.3 81.3 112.8 111.4 60.3 19.5 3.9 0.2
3
1978 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,760.0 1.2 51.5 32.2 79.8 109.9 108.5 57.8 19.0 3.9 0.2
3
1977 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,789.5 1.2 52.8 33.9 80.9 112.9 111.0 56.4 19.2 4.2 0.2
3
1976 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,738.0 1.2 52.8 34.1 80.5 110.3 106.2 53.6 19.0 4.3 0.2
3
1975 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,774.0 1.3 55.6 36.1 85.0 113.0 108.2 52.3 19.5 4.6 0.3
3
1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,835.0 1.2 57.5 37.3 88.7 117.7 111.5 53.8 20.2 4.8 0.3
3
1973 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,879.0 1.2 59.3 38.5 91.2 119.7 112.2 55.6 22.1 5.4 0.3
3
1972 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,010.0 1.2 61.7 39.0 96.9 130.2 117.7 59.8 24.8 6.2 0.4
4
1971 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,266.5 1.1 64.5 38.2 105.3 150.1 134.1 67.3 28.7 7.1 0.4
4
1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,480.0 1.2 68.3 38.8 114.7 167.8 145.1 73.3 31.7 8.1 0.5
White
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,864.0 0.2 21.3 9.2 39.3 75.3 107.6 104.8 52.2 10.6 0.8
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,875.5 0.2 23.0 10.2 42.0 77.3 108.6 103.9 51.2 10.2 0.7
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,868.0 0.2 24.9 11.3 44.7 78.5 108.3 101.3 49.6 10.1 0.7
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,885.5 0.3 27.4 13.0 48.3 80.8 109.2 100.2 48.5 10.0 0.7
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,905.0 0.3 29.1 14.1 50.8 83.0 110.2 100.1 47.6 10.1 0.6
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,947.5 0.3 31.9 15.8 54.8 87.9 111.9 100.5 46.4 10.0 0.6
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,016.5 0.4 35.3 17.8 60.2 94.1 114.9 101.3 46.7 9.9 0.7
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 21
Table 4. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States, 1970–2015, and by age and race of mother: United States,
1980–2015—Con.
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Birth rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations based on
counts enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and race
Total
fertility
rate
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
1
45–49 Total 15–17 18–19
White—Con.
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,087.0 0.4 37.3 19.1 64.0 99.8 118.8 103.3 47.5 9.7 0.6
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,137.0 0.5 38.4 19.5 67.2 103.5 122.0 104.4 48.5 9.5 0.6
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,125.0 0.5 37.9 19.2 66.7 103.4 122.0 102.7 48.6 9.3 0.6
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,078.5 0.5 36.7 18.8 64.0 99.9 120.7 100.7 47.6 9.0 0.6
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,074.5 0.5 37.4 19.4 64.4 99.8 120.8 100.3 46.7 8.9 0.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,075.0 0.5 38.0 19.6 65.6 100.9 121.3 100.1 45.0 8.7 0.5
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,041.5 0.5 39.2 20.4 67.7 101.6 119.0 96.7 42.6 8.2 0.5
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,042.5 0.5 41.0 21.4 70.4 103.4 117.8 95.9 41.4 8.0 0.5
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,051.0 0.6 43.2 23.3 72.3 106.6 116.7 94.6 40.2 7.9 0.4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,007.5 0.6 44.0 24.4 73.0 105.0 114.9 90.7 38.5 7.4 0.4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,991.0 0.6 44.9 25.6 74.1 105.4 113.6 88.5 37.5 7.3 0.4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,955.0 0.7 45.5 26.6 75.0 104.5 111.3 85.7 36.1 6.9 0.3
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,960.5 0.7 47.5 28.0 77.6 105.3 111.7 84.6 35.3 6.7 0.3
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,954.5 0.8 49.5 29.6 80.2 104.7 111.7 83.3 34.2 6.4 0.3
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,957.5 0.8 50.5 30.4 81.2 105.0 113.0 82.2 33.5 6.2 0.3
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,961.5 0.8 50.6 30.0 81.5 106.1 114.7 81.3 32.6 5.9 0.3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,978.0 0.8 51.4 29.9 83.2 107.7 116.9 80.8 32.1 5.7 0.2
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,988.0 0.8 52.6 30.5 83.3 108.8 118.0 80.2 31.8 5.2 0.2
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,003.0 0.7 50.8 29.5 78.0 109.8 120.7 81.7 31.5 5.2 0.2
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,931.0 0.7 47.9 28.1 72.9
106.9 117.8 78.1 29.7 4.9 0.2
1988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,856.5 0.6 44.4 26.0 69.6 103.7 114.8 75.4 27.7 4.5 0.2
1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,804.5 0.6 42.5 24.6 68.9 102.3 112.3 73.0 25.9 4.1 0.2
1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,776.0 0.6 42.3 23.8 70.1 102.7 110.8 70.9 23.9 3.8 0.2
1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,787.0 0.6 43.3 24.4 70.4 104.1 112.3 69.9 23.3 3.7 0.2
3
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,748.5 0.6 42.9 24.3 68.4 102.7 109.8 67.7 22.2 3.6 0.2
3
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,740.5 0.6 43.9 25.0 68.8 103.8 109.4 65.3 21.3 3.6 0.2
3
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,767.0 0.6 45.0 25.5 70.8 107.7 111.9 64.0 20.4 3.6 0.2
3
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,748.0 0.5 44.9 25.4 71.5 108.3 112.3 61.0 19.0 3.4 0.2
3
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,773.0 0.6 45.4 25.5 73.2 111.1 113.8 61.2 18.8 3.5 0.2
Black
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,852.5 0.5 32.0 15.3 57.1 100.2 101.8 81.0 43.4 10.7 0.9
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,872.0 0.6 35.1 16.7 61.9 102.6 103.1 79.4 42.6 10.2 0.8
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,882.5 0.7 39.1 19.0 67.3 105.5 102.6 77.3 40.5 10.0 0.8
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,899.5 0.8 44.0 22.0 74.4 108.7 101.7 75.1 39.2 9.7 0.7
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,920.0 0.9 47.3 24.7 78.8 111.9 101.7 74.1 38.0 9.4 0.7
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,957.0 1.0 51.1 27.3 84.8 118.1 101.8 73.0 36.4 9.3 0.7
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,036.0 1.1 56.5 30.9 92.9 125.1 105.3 73.5 36.2 8.9 0.6
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,102.5 1.3 60.1 33.5 99.5 130.6 107.9 74.8 36.4 8.8 0.6
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,145.5 1.4 62.1 34.7 105.2 134.6 110.4 74.9 36.4 8.7 0.6
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,143.0 1.5 62.2 35.3 105.6 135.2 110.6 73.8 36.3 8.5 0.5
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,062.0 1.6 60.1 34.5 101.2 129.5 107.0
70.2 35.1 8.4 0.5
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,026.0 1.6 61.7 36.3 101.3 127.5 104.4 67.8 33.8 7.9 0.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,994.5 1.5 62.5 37.5 101.3 125.9 101.4 66.4 33.1 7.6 0.5
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,990.0 1.8 65.8 39.5 106.3 126.9 99.4 64.7 31.6 7.4 0.4
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,049.5 2.0 71.3 43.7 112.9 132.9 99.6 64.9 31.6 7.2 0.4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,129.0 2.3 77.4 49.0 118.8 141.3 100.3 65.4 31.5 7.2 0.4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,082.5 2.5 79.1 50.5 120.6 137.9 97.3 62.7 30.2 6.5 0.3
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,111.5 2.8 83.5 55.4 124.8 138.4 97.5 63.2 30.0 6.6 0.3
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,091.5 3.1 86.3 59.3 127.7 135.2 95.0 62.6 29.3 6.5 0.3
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,088.5 3.5 89.6 63.3 130.5 133.2 94.3 62.0 28.7 6.1 0.3
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,127.5 4.1 94.4 68.5 135.0 133.7 95.6 63.0 28.4 6.0 0.3
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,258.5 4.5 102.9 75.1 146.2 142.9 101.5 65.0 28.7 5.9 0.3
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,351.0 4.5 107.3 78.9 150.2 150.2 106.4 66.6 29.0 5.9 0.3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,416.0 4.6 111.3 80.5 156.3 156.2 109.7 67.0 28.6 5.6 0.2
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,462.0 4.7 114.8 83.5 157.6 159.7 112.0 67.3 28.2 5.5 0.2
See footnotes at end of table.
22 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 4. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States, 1970–2015, and by age and race of mother: United States,
1980–2015—Con.
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Birth rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations based on
counts enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and race
Total
fertility
rate
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
1
45–49 Total 15–17 18–19
Black—Con.
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,480.0 4.9 112.8 82.3 152.9 160.2 115.5 68.7 28.1 5.5 0.3
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,432.5 5.1 111.5 81.9 151.9 156.8 114.4 66.3 26.7 5.4 0.3
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,298.0 4.9 102.7 75.7 142.7 149.7 108.2 63.1 25.6 5.1 0.3
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,198.0 4.8 97.6 72.1 135.8 142.7 104.3 60.6 24.6 4.8 0.2
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,135.5 4.7 95.8 69.3 135.1 137.3 101.1 59.3 23.8 4.8 0.3
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,109.0 4.5 95.4 69.3 132.4 135.0 100.2 57.9 23.9 4.6 0.3
3
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,070.5 4.4 94.1 69.2 128.1 132.2 98.4 56.7 23.3 4.8 0.2
3
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,066.0 4.1 93.9 69.6 127.1 131.9 98.4 56.2 23.3 5.1 0.3
3
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,106.5 4.0 94.3 69.7 128.9 135.4 101.3 57.5 23.3 5.1 0.4
3
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,117.5 4.0 94.5 69.3 131.0 136.5 102.3 57.4 23.1 5.4 0.3
3
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,176.5 4.3 97.8 72.5 135.1 140.0 103.9 59.9 23.5 5.6 0.3
American Indian or Alaska Native
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,262.5 0.3 25.7 12.7 45.8 70.2 73.2 51.7 25.2 5.8 0.4
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,288.5 0.3 27.3 13.2 48.6 73.2 74.7 52.3 24.1 5.5 0.3
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,334.5 0.4 31.1 15.9 53.3 78.9 75.6 50.4 24.7 5.5 0.3
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,350.0 0.5 34.9 17.0 60.5 81.7 73.9 49.7 23.3 5.5 0.5
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,373.5 0.5 36.1 18.2 61.6 86.6 75.4 47.3 23.1 5.5 0.2
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,404.0 0.5 38.7 20.1 66.1 91.0 74.4 48.4 22.3 5.2 0.3
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,494.0 0.6 43.7 23.6 73.5 96.3 79.3 50.7 22.6 5.3 0.3
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,569.0 0.7 47.3 25.8 80.2 102.7 83.2 51.2 23.1 5.3 0.3
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,621.5 0.7 49.3 26.1 86.3 105.8 86.2 52.5 24.3 5.2 0.3
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,625.0 0.7 46.9 25.9 80.8 106.8 89.0 52.0 23.9 5.4 0.3
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,584.0 0.8 46.0 26.3 78.0 102.9 86.3 51.8 23.3 5.4 0.3
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,610.5 0.8 47.2 26.7 79.9 105.4 87.1 51.9 23.9 5.6 0.2
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,639.5 0.9 49.0 27.9 82.1 107.0 89.3 52.8 23.3 5.2 0.4
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,675.5 0.8 50.9 28.8 85.3 110.7 88.9 53.7 24.1 5.7 0.3
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,712.5 0.9 54.5 30.2 92.7 113.8 89.2 54.2 24.0 5.6 0.3
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,772.5 1.1 58.3 34.1 97.1 117.2 91.8 55.5 24.6 5.7 0.3
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,783.5 1.4 59.9 36.5 98.0 120.7 90.6 53.8 24.3 5.7 0.3
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,851.0 1.5 64.7 39.7 106.9 125.1 92.0 56.8 24.6 5.3 *
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,834.5 1.5 65.2
41.0 107.1 122.5 91.6 56.0 24.4 5.4 0.3
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,855.0 1.6 68.2 42.7 113.3 123.5 91.1 56.5 24.4 5.5 *
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,878.5 1.6 72.9 44.6 122.2 123.1 91.6 56.5 24.3 5.5 *
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,950.0 1.8 76.4 48.4 123.7 126.5 98.2 56.6 24.8 5.4 0.3
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,048.5 1.4 79.8 51.5 126.3 134.2 103.5 59.5 25.5 5.6 *
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,135.5 1.6 82.4 52.3 130.5 142.3 107.0 61.0 26.7 5.9 *
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,142.5 1.6 84.1 51.9 134.2 143.8 105.6 60.8 26.4 5.8 0.4
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,184.5 1.6 81.1 48.5 129.3 148.7 110.3 61.5 27.5 5.9 *
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,248.5 1.5 82.7 51.6 128.9 152.4 114.2 64.8 27.4 6.4 *
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,155.0 1.7 77.5 49.7 121.1 145.2 110.9 64.5 25.6 5.3 *
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,100.5 1.7 77.2 48.8 122.2 140.0 107.9
63.0 24.4 5.6 *
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,083.0 1.8 78.1 48.7 125.3 138.8 107.9 60.7 23.8 5.3 *
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,129.5 1.7 79.2 47.7 124.1 139.1 109.6 62.6 27.4 6.0 *
³1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,137.5 1.7 81.5 50.7 124.7 142.4 109.2 60.5 26.3 5.6 *
3
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,182.0 1.9 84.2 55.2 121.4 145.5 113.7 58.9 25.5 6.4 *
³1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,215.0 1.4 83.5 52.6 127.6 148.1 115.8 60.9 26.9 6.0 *
3
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,092.5 2.1 78.4 49.7 121.5 141.2 105.6 58.9 25.2 6.6 *
3
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,165.0 1.9 82.2 51.5 129.5 143.7 106.6 61.8 28.1 8.2 *
Asian or Pacific Islander
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,646.0 0.1 6.9 2.7 12.8 35.6 84.1 117.4 67.6 15.9 1.6
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,715.5 0.1 7.7 3.3 13.9 37.5 90.0 121.3 68.9 16.1 1.5
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,681.0 0.1 8.7 3.7 16.1 39.1 89.5 114.6 66.6 16.1 1.5
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,769.5 0.1 9.7 4.1 17.7 41.4 95.8 121.3 68.1 16.1 1.4
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 23
Table 4. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States, 1970–2015, and by age and race of mother: United States,
1980–2015—Con.
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Birth rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations based on
counts enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and race
Total
fertility
rate
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
1
45–49 Total 15–17 18–19
Asian or Pacific Islander—Con.
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,706.5 0.1 10.2 4.6 18.1 41.9 93.7 114.9 64.1 15.2 1.2
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,689.0 0.1 10.9 5.1 18.7 42.6 91.5 113.6 62.8 15.1 1.2
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,743.0 0.1 12.6 6.3 20.9 46.4 94.6 115.1 63.8 14.9 1.1
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,797.5 0.2 13.8 7.0 23.0 50.4 96.6 117.7 64.9 14.7 1.2
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,850.5 0.2 14.8 7.4 24.9 53.2 99.2 121.6 65.8 14.2 1.1
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,803.0 0.1 15.3 8.2 25.4 53.8 95.7 117.3 63.4 14.0 1.0
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,784.5 0.2 15.4 7.7 26.4 52.9 96.6 115.3 61.8 13.7 1.0
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,825.0 0.2 16.0 8.4 26.6 53.3 100.4 118.3 62.2 13.6 1.0
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,819.0 0.2 16.4 8.5 27.3 54.3 102.7 115.9 60.0 13.4 0.9
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,798.5 0.3 17.7 8.8 29.9 55.5 102.4 112.5 57.8 12.6 0.9
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,785.0 0.2 19.3 10.1 32.0 56.0 102.3 109.9 56.2 12.2 0.9
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,892.0 0.3 20.5 11.6 32.6 60.3 108.4 116.5 59.0 12.6 0.8
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,754.5 0.4 21.4 12.4 33.9 58.9 100.8 104.3 52.9 11.3 0.9
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,731.5 0.5 22.2 13.8 34.5 59.2 98.7 101.6 51.4 11.8 0.9
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,757.5 0.5 22.3 14.0 34.9 61.2 101.6 102.5 51.0 11.5 0.9
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,787.0 0.6 23.5 14.7 36.8 63.5 102.8 104.1 50.2 11.9 0.8
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,795.5 0.7 25.5 15.6 40.1 64.2 103.7 102.3 50.1 11.8 0.8
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,834.0 0.7 26.6 16.3 41.3 66.4 108.0 102.2 50.4 11.5 1.0
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,841.5 0.7 26.5 16.1 41.2 68.1 110.3 101.2 49.4 11.2 0.9
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,894.5 0.7 26.5 15.4 41.9
71.7 114.6 102.7 50.7 11.1 0.9
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,928.0 0.8 27.3 16.3 42.2 73.8 118.9 103.3 49.2 11.2 1.1
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,002.5 0.7 26.4 16.0 40.2 79.2 126.3 106.5 49.6 10.7 1.1
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,947.5 0.6 25.6 15.0 40.4 78.8 124.0 102.3 47.0 10.2 1.0
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,983.5 0.6 24.2 13.6 39.6 80.7 128.0 104.4 47.5 10.3 1.0
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,886.0 0.6 22.4 12.6 37.0 79.7 122.7 97.0 44.2 9.5 1.1
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,836.0 0.5 22.8 12.1 38.8 79.2 119.9 92.6 41.9 9.3 1.0
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,885.0 0.4 23.8 12.5 40.8 83.6 123.0 93.6 42.7 8.7 1.2
3
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,892.0 0.5 24.2 12.6 40.7 86.7 124.3 92.4 40.6 8.7 1.0
3
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,943.5 0.5 26.1 12.9 44.5 94.0 126.2 93.3 39.4 8.2 1.0
3
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,015.5 0.4 29.4 14.0 50.8 98.9 130.9 94.4 39.2 8.8 1.1
3
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,976.0 0.3 28.5 13.4 49.5 96.4 129.1 93.4 38.0 8.6 0.9
3
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,953.5 0.3 26.2 12.0 46.2 93.3 127.4 96.0 38.3 8.5 0.7
* Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; based on fewer than 20 births in numerator.
1
Beginning in 1997, birth rates are computed by relating births to women aged 45 and over to women aged 45–49; see Technical Notes.
2
For 1970–1991, includes births to races not shown separately. For 1992 and later years, unknown race of mother is imputed; see Technical Notes.
3
Based on 100% of births in selected states and on a 50% sample of births in all other states; see reference 12.
4
Based on a 50% sample of births.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary
for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes. In this table, all women, including Hispanic women, are classified only according to their race; see Technical Notes.
24 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 5. Births and birth rates, by Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States,
1989–2015
[Birth rates are births per 1,000 population in specified group. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified group. Populations estimated as of
April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Populations for specified Hispanic groups based on American Community Survey estimates as
of July 1 for 2010–2015; prior to 2010, populations for specified Hispanic groups based on Current Population Survey estimates as of April 1 for census years and
estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Measure and year All origins
1
Hispanic Non-Hispanic
Total Mexican
Puerto
Rican Cuban
Central
and South
American
Other and
unknown
Hispanic Total
2
White Black
Number
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 924,048 546,169 70,987 21,107 142,249 143,536 3,021,999 2,130,279 589,047
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,988,076 914,065 545,977 69,879 20,163 136,656 141,390 3,043,519 2,149,302 588,891
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,932,181 901,033 545,202 68,302 18,854 131,305 137,370 3,003,556 2,129,196 583,834
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,952,841 907,677 555,823 67,182 17,396 131,794 135,482 3,014,314 2,134,044 583,489
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,953,590 918,129 566,699 67,018 17,131 136,221 131,060 3,008,200 2,146,566 582,345
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,999,386 945,180 598,317 66,368 16,882 142,692 120,921 3,026,614 2,162,406 589,808
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,130,665 999,548 645,297 68,486 16,641 148,647 120,477 3,101,330 2,212,552 609,584
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,247,694 1,041,239 684,883 69,015 16,718 155,578 115,045 3,173,629 2,267,817 623,029
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,316,233 1,062,779 722,055 68,488 16,981 169,851 85,404 3,222,460 2,310,333 627,191
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,265,555 1,039,077 718,146 66,932 16,936 165,321 71,742 3,196,082 2,308,640 617,247
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,138,349 985,505 693,197 63,340 16,064 151,201 61,703 3,123,005 2,279,768 583,759
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,112,052 946,349 677,621 61,221 14,943 143,520 49,044 3,133,125 2,296,683 578,772
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,089,950 912,329 654,504 58,400 14,867 135,586 48,972 3,149,034 2,321,904 576,033
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,021,726 876,642 627,505 57,465 14,232 125,981 51,459 3,119,944 2,298,156 578,335
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,025,933 851,851 611,000 57,568 14,017 121,365 47,901 3,149,572 2,326,578 589,917
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,058,814 815,868 581,915 58,124 13,429 113,344 49,056 3,199,994 2,362,968 604,346
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,959,417 764,339 540,674 57,138 13,088 103,307 50,132 3,147,580 2,346,450 588,981
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,941,553 734,661 516,011 57,349 13,226 98,226 49,849 3,158,975 2,361,462 593,127
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,880,894 709,767 499,024 55,450 12,887 97,405 45,001 3,115,174 2,333,363 581,431
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,891,494 701,339 489,666 54,863 12,613 97,888 46,309 3,133,484 2,358,989 578,099
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,899,589 679,768 469,615 54,824 12,473 94,996 47,860 3,160,495 2,382,638 587,781
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,952,767 665,026
454,536 57,240 11,889 93,485 47,876 3,245,115 2,438,855 619,198
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,000,240 654,418 443,733 58,102 11,916 92,371 48,296 3,295,345 2,472,031 641,273
3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,049,024 643,271 432,047 59,569 11,472 89,031 51,152 3,365,862 2,527,207 657,450
3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,094,566 623,085 411,233 59,833 11,058 86,908 54,053 3,434,464 2,589,878 666,758
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,092,994 595,073 385,640 58,807 11,311 83,008 56,307 3,457,417 2,626,500 661,701
5
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,903,012 532,249 327,233 56,229 10,842 72,443 65,502 3,297,493 2,526,367 611,269
Birth rate
6
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 16.3 --- --- --- --- (
6
) 11.5 10.7 14.2
6
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 16.5 15.5 13.3 9.9 22.0 (
6
) 11.7 10.8 14.4
6
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 16.7 15.8 13.3 9.4 21.9 (
6
) 11.6 10.7 14.4
6
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 17.1 16.3 13.5 8.9 22.3 (
6
) 11.7 10.7 14.6
6
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7 17.6 16.9 13.7 9.1 23.0 (
6
) 11.7 10.8 14.7
6
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.0 18.7 18.2 14.1 9.0 23.4 (
6
) 11.8 10.9 15.1
6
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 20.3 19.8 15.5 9.5 25.5 (
6
) 12.2 11.2 15.7
6
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0 21.8 21.7 16.4 10.1 26.1 (
6
) 12.5 11.5 16.3
6
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 23.0 23.9 17.1 10.2 24.6 (
6
) 12.8 11.7 16.6
6
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 23.3 24.6 17.5 10.4 23.8 (
6
) 12.7 11.7 16.5
6
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0 22.9 24.5 17.0 10.2 22.7 (
6
) 12.5 11.6 15.8
6
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0 22.8 24.8 16.0 9.3 22.1 (
6
) 12.6 11.7 15.8
6
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1 22.8 24.6 15.0 10.0 23.0 (
6
) 12.7 11.8 15.9
6
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.0 22.7 24.3 16.5 10.1 22.5 (
6
) 12.6 11.7 16.1
6
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1 22.9 24.7 17.7 10.3 21.7 (
6
) 12.8 11.9 16.6
6
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 23.1 25.0 18.1 9.7 21.8 (
6
) 13.2 12.2 17.3
6
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2 22.5 24.2 18.0 9.4 21.7 (
6
) 13.0 12.1 17.1
6
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 22.7 24.6 17.9 9.7 21.7 (
6
) 13.2 12.2 17.5
6
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2 23.0 25.3 17.2 10.0 21.3 (
6
) 13.1 12.2 17.4
6
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 23.8 26.2 17.2 10.6 22.5 (
6
) 13.3 12.3 17.6
6
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.6 24.1 25.8 19.0 10.8 24.2 (
6
) 13.5 12.5 18.2
6
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.0 24.7 26.1 20.8 10.7 24.9 (
6
) 13.9 12.8 19.5
6
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.4 25.4 26.8 21.5 10.5 26.3 (
6
) 14.3 13.1 20.7
3,6
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.8 26.1 27.4 22.9 10.1 27.5 (
6
) 14.8 13.4 21.6
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 25
Table 5. Births and birth rates, by Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States,
1989–2015—Con.
[Birth rates are births per 1,000 population in specified group. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified group. Populations estimated as of
April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Populations for specified Hispanic groups based on American Community Survey estimates as
of July 1 for 2010–2015; prior to 2010, populations for specified Hispanic groups based on Current Population Survey estimates as of April 1 for census years and
estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Measure and year All origins
1
Hispanic Non-Hispanic
Total Mexican
Puerto
Rican Cuban
Central
and South
American
Other and
unknown
Hispanic Total
2
White Black
Birth rate
3,6
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.2 26.5 27.6 23.3 9.8 28.3 (
6
) 15.2 13.9 22.4
4,6
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.7 26.7 28.7 21.6 10.9 27.5 (
6
) 15.7 14.4 23.0
5,6
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.3 26.2 25.7 23.7 10.0 28.3 (
6
) 15.4 14.2 22.8
Fertility rate
6
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 71.7 --- --- --- --- (
6
) 60.2 59.3 64.1
6
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 72.1 67.0 57.5 52.1 94.9 (
6
) 60.7 59.5 64.5
6
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 72.9 68.4 57.8 48.0 94.4 (
6
) 59.9 58.7 64.6
6
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.0 74.4 70.7 58.2 45.4 94.9 (
6
) 60.3 58.6 65.0
6
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 76.2 73.0 59.6 46.1 96.3 (
6
) 60.1 58.7 65.4
6
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 80.2 78.2 59.7 46.4 97.1 (
6
) 60.4 58.7 66.6
6
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.2 86.5 84.8 63.7 46.0 107.5 (
6
) 61.6 59.6 68.9
6
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.1 92.7 92.6 67.0 50.1 109.1 (
6
) 62.7 60.5 70.8
6
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.3 97.4 102.8 70.3 47.6 100.1 (
6
) 63.3 61.0 71.4
6
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.6 98.3 105.6 71.6 47.9 95.6 (
6
) 62.5 60.3 70.7
6
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.7 96.4 104.5 69.8 49.1 90.5 (
6
) 60.8 59.0 67.2
6
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.4 95.7 104.5 66.8 52.2 87.4 (
6
) 60.8 58.9 67.1
6
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.1 95.2 103.7 60.6 60.8 89.7 (
6
) 60.7 58.9 67.1
6
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.0 94.7 103.0 65.6 59.3 86.5 (
6
) 59.8 57.6 67.5
6
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.1 95.4 105.0 71.7 56.4 82.2 (
6
) 60.0 57.7 69.1
6
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 95.9 105.1 73.5 49.3 85.1 (
6
) 61.1 58.5 71.4
6
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.4 93.0 101.5 71.1 47.0 84.8 (
6
) 60.0 57.7 69.9
6
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 93.2 103.2 69.7 46.5 83.5 (
6
) 60.0 57.6 70.9
6
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 94.2 106.6 65.8 53.1 80.6 (
6
) 59.3 56.8 70.3
6
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 97.5 110.7 66.5 55.1 84.2 (
6
) 59.6 57.1 70.7
6
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.6 98.8 109.9 71.3 52.2 89.1 (
6
) 60.2 57.5 72.8
6
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 100.7 109.9 78.2 53.6 93.2 (
6
) 61.6 58.2 77.5
6
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.0 103.3 110.9 79.8 53.9 101.5 (
6
) 62.7 58.9 81.5
3,6
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 106.1 113.3 87.9 49.4 104.7 (
6
) 64.2 60.0 84.5
3,6
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.3 106.9 114.9 87.9 47.6 105.5 (
6
) 65.2 60.9 87.0
4,6
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.0 107.7 118.9 82.9 52.6 102.7 (
6
) 67.1 62.8 89.0
5,6
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.2 104.9 106.6 86.6 49.8 95.8 (
6
) 65.7 60.5 84.8
--- Data not available.
1
Includes origin not stated.
2
Includes races other than white and black.
3
Excludes data for New Hampshire, which did not report Hispanic origin.
4
Excludes data for New Hampshire and Oklahoma, which did not report Hispanic origin.
5
Excludes data for Louisiana, New Hampshire, and Oklahoma, which did not report Hispanic origin.
6
Rates for the Central and South American population include other and unknown Hispanic.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary
for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. In this table, Hispanic women are classified only by place of origin; non-Hispanic women are classified by
race; see Technical Notes. This table will be updated to include rates for specified Hispanic-origin groups when 2015 population data for these groups are available.
26 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 6. Births, by age of mother, live-birth order, and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin:
United States, 2015
[Live-birth order refers to number of children born alive to mother. Includes births with stated origin of mother only]
Live-birth order and race of
mother
All
ages
Age of mother
Under
15
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 Total 15 16 17 18 19
Hispanic
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924,048 986 80,364 3,110 7,433 13,644 22,251 33,926 236,264 256,106 209,647 112,045 27,117 1,433 86
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312,163 973 65,109 3,010 6,973 12,019 18,063 25,044 111,257 70,850 42,661 17,248 3,745 292 28
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275,951 8 12,970 87 400 1,477 3,638 7,368 82,071 86,689 60,604 27,724 5,595 272 18
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183,861 1 1,780 1 27 98 447 1,207 31,068 60,423 55,071 29,029 6,216 267 6
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,009 1 218 2 3 11 40 162 8,496 25,166 30,323 20,285 5,250 261 9
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,427 – 26 – – 1 2 23 2,025 8,185 12,359 9,574 3,084 164 10
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,569 – 2 – – – – 2 438 2,608 4,688 4,207 1,545 75 6
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,482 – 1 – 1 – – – 85 818 1,840 1,923 765 45 5
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . 4,150 – 3 – – – – 3 56 429 1,239 1,586 782 51 4
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,436 3 255 10 29 38 61 117 768 938 862 469 135 6 –
Mexican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546,169 586 50,305 1,948 4,708 8,642 13,877 21,130 143,962 150,279 120,961 63,524 15,772 749 31
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173,642 582 40,381 1,889 4,399 7,557 11,168 15,368 65,019 37,319 20,564 7,898 1,752 117 10
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155,993 4 8,381 48 263 987 2,340 4,743 51,066 49,387 31,618 12,846 2,558 126 7
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,882 – 1,194 – 20 66 301 807 20,094 38,404 34,447 17,103 3,507 132 1
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,122 – 162 2 3 9 27 121 5,623 16,661 20,403 13,590 3,529 147 7
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,000 – 16 – – 1 1 14 1,342 5,440 8,320 6,579 2,193 107 3
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,199 – 1 – – – – 1 292 1,732 3,131 2,908 1,081 54 –
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,708 – 1 – 1 – – – 51 562 1,209 1,322 526 35 2
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . 2,637 – 1 – – – – 1 28 252 800 997 532 26 1
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,986 – 168 9 22 22 40 75 447 522 469 281 94 5 –
Puerto Rican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,987 70 6,877 221 604 1,031 1,897 3,124 21,012 20,213 14,246 6,962 1,501 100 6
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,751 69 5,648 214 578 926 1,562 2,368 10,162 5,806 3,370 1,393
274 26 3
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,196 – 1,058 7 25 97 293 636 7,074 7,083 4,475 2,099 388 19 –
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,535 1 125 – – 4 30 91 2,676 4,410 3,305 1,652 349 17 –
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,386 – 18 – – – 3 15 747 1,816 1,662 899 224 20 –
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,090 – 1 – – – – 1 189 619 727 441 101 11 1
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875 – – – – – – – 42 233 329 205 64 1 1
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 – – – – – – – 13 65 170 108 37 1 1
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . 353 – 1 – – – – 1 6 54 113 124 50 5 –
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 – 26 – 1 4 9 12 103 127
95 41 14 – –
Cuban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,107 7 768 14 60 120 216 358 4,115 6,845 5,857 2,772 701 41 1
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,787 7 689 14 58 108 188 321 2,681 3,270 2,172 774 173 20 1
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,516 – 73 – 2 10 25 36 1,080 2,487 2,426 1,157 280 13 –
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,557 – 3 – – – 3 – 279 733 854 544 140 4 –
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764 – – – – – – – 46 229 238 179 69 3 –
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 – 1 – – – – 1 11 71 79 66 18 – –
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 – – – – – – – 2 23 39 22 8 – –
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 – – – – – – –
– 5 10 12 7 – –
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . 36 – – – – – – – 2 6 9 13 5 1 –
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 – 2 – – 2 – – 14 21 30 5 1 – –
Central and South
American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,249 111 8,319 312 726 1,411 2,402 3,468 26,296 38,594 39,047 23,618 5,889 357 18
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,189 107 6,759 301 680 1,250 1,962 2,566 13,528 12,499 9,748 4,448 1,016 80 4
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,100 2 1,356 11 43 143 384 775 9,041 13,958 12,863 7,294 1,505 77 4
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,658 – 150 – – 10 44 96 2,820 7,985 9,271 5,935 1,414 79 4
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,201 1 15 – – 2 4 9 625 2,867 4,399 3,302 934 57 1
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,676 – 2 – – –
– 2 120 828 1,713 1,474 509 28 2
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,644 – – – – – – – 26 189 579 585 250 13 2
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634 – – – – – – – 2 57 172 269 127 6 1
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . 522 – 1 – – – – 1 12 34 117 221 120 17 –
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625 1 36 – 3 6 8 19 122 177 185 90 14 – –
See footnote at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 27
Table 6. Births, by age of mother, live-birth order, and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin:
United States, 2015—Con.
[Live-birth order refers to number of children born alive to mother. Includes births with stated origin of mother only]
Live-birth order and race of
mother
All
ages
Age of mother
Under
15
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 Total 15 16 17 18 19
Other and unknown
Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,536 212 14,095 615 1,335 2,440 3,859 5,846 40,879 40,175 29,536 15,169 3,254 186 30
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,794 208 11,632 592 1,258 2,178 3,183 4,421 19,867 11,956 6,807 2,735 530 49 10
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,146 2 2,102 21 67 240 596 1,178 13,810 13,774 9,222 4,328 864 37 7
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,229 – 308 1 7 18 69 213 5,199 8,891 7,194 3,795 806 35 1
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,536 – 23 – – – 6 17 1,455 3,593 3,621 2,315 494 34 1
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,415 – 6 – – – 1 5 363 1,227 1,520 1,014 263 18 4
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,757 – 1 – – – – 1 76 431 610 487 142 7 3
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711 – – – – – – – 19 129 279 212 68 3 1
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . 602 – – – – – – – 8 83 200 231 75 2 3
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 2 23 1 3 4 4 11 82 91 83 52 12 1 –
Non-Hispanic
Total
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,021,999 1,501 148,103 4,440 10,892 21,332 40,917 70,522 609,438 888,135 875,038 409,833 82,943 6,440 568
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,200,764 1,489 124,412 4,326 10,336 19,353 34,956 55,441 318,302 353,570 281,159 99,835 19,764 2,042 191
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 984,642 8 20,215 98 496 1,762 5,229 12,630 194,826 292,593 310,018 140,523 24,660 1,668 131
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483,225 2 2,605 3 35 132 509 1,926 68,846 147,583 160,037 86,542 16,524 997 89
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196,431 – 259 1 3 11 48 196 18,813 58,594 68,331 40,780 9,002 595 57
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,781 – 36 – – 4 10 22 4,484 20,356 27,597 18,251 4,678 346 33
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,039 – 6 – – 1 3 2 946 7,055 12,225 9,062 2,514 218 13
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,500 – 3 – – – 1 2 236 2,420 5,804 5,233 1,639 143 22
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . 17,716 – 7 – – 2 2 3 252 1,300 4,947 7,196 3,612 380 22
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,901 2 560 12 22 67 159 300 2,733 4,664 4,920 2,411 550 51 10
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,279 582 90,833 2,135 5,854 12,417 25,426 45,001 399,373 642,150 646,767 290,877 55,040 4,323 334
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855,738 578 77,564 2,093 5,639 11,493 22,102 36,237 214,704 265,180 210,258 72,352 13,580 1,412 110
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709,069 2 11,576 36 190 829 2,990 7,531 129,850 217,327
233,048 99,881 16,198 1,104 83
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339,155 – 1,278 2 16 54 232 974 41,233 103,301 119,822 62,068 10,751 653 49
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,385 – 99 – – 5 17 77 9,641 37,170 48,678 28,532 5,853 382 30
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,732 – 18 – – 1 8 9 1,873 11,302 18,019 12,289 2,990 219 22
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,947 – 1 – – – 1 – 331 3,353 7,542 5,976 1,604 133 7
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,172 – 2 – – – – 2 70 1,014 3,467 3,431 1,081 91 16
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . 11,134 – 4 – – 2 1 1 140 541 2,659 4,831 2,653 294 12
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,947 2 291 4 9 33 75 170 1,531 2,962 3,274 1,517 330 35 5
Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589,047 845 50,039 2,079 4,486 7,801 13,553 22,120
175,597 165,895 119,976 60,863 14,592 1,104 136
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214,195 838 40,901 2,013 4,179 6,858 11,209 16,642 84,422 46,747 26,951 11,315 2,690 283 48
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168,767 5 7,553 56 274 832 1,986 4,405 54,961 52,024 34,643 15,849 3,458 250 24
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,219 2 1,174 1 17 74 245 837 23,918 35,447 27,177 14,162 3,128 186 25
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,857 – 141 1 3 3 29 105 8,081 17,825 14,958 8,649 2,063 129 11
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,378 – 18 – – 3 2 13 2,320 7,580 7,623 4,506 1,235 88 8
6th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,538 – 5 – – 1 2 2 567 3,116 3,700 2,406 682 58 4
7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,104 – – – – – – – 145 1,197 1,891 1,416 413 38 4
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . 5,458 – 3 – – _
1 2 104 668 1,919 1,933 764 60 7
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,531 – 244 8 13 30 79 114 1,079 1,291 1,114 627 159 12 5
– Quantity zero.
1
Includes races other than white and black.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Persons of Hispanic origin may
be of any race. In this table, Hispanic women are classified only by place of origin; non-Hispanic women are classified by race; see Technical Notes.
28 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 7. Birth rates, by age of mother, live-birth order, and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic
origin: United States, 2015
[Fertility rates are computed by relating total births, regardless of age of mother, to women aged 15–44. Birth rates are births per 1,000 women in specified age and
racial group. Populations estimated as of July 1. Live-birth order refers to number of children born alive to mother. Missing values for live-birth order not stated have
been distributed]
Live-birth order and race of mother
1
15–44
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
2
45–49Total 15–17 18–19
Hispanic
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.7 0.4 34.9 17.4 61.9 102.1 119.3 98.6 54.5 14.0 0.9
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.3 0.4 28.4 15.8 47.6 48.2 33.1 20.1 8.4 1.9 0.2
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.5 * 5.7 1.4 12.2 35.6 40.5 28.6 13.5 2.9 0.2
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 * 0.8 0.1 1.8 13.5 28.3 26.0 14.2 3.2 0.2
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 * 0.1 * 0.2 3.7 11.8 14.3 9.9 2.7 0.2
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.9 3.8 5.8 4.7 1.6 0.1
6th and 7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 * * * * 0.2 1.6 3.1 3.0 1.2 0.1
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 * * * * 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.0
Non-Hispanic
3
Total
4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.2 0.2 18.6 7.7 34.8 70.1 100.6 102.2 51.1 10.3 0.8
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 0.2 15.7 7.2 28.3 36.8 40.3 33.1 12.6 2.5 0.3
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.7 * 2.6 0.5 5.6 22.5 33.3 36.4 17.6 3.1 0.2
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 * 0.3 0.0 0.8 8.0 16.8 18.8 10.8 2.1 0.1
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 * 0.0 * 0.1 2.2 6.7 8.0 5.1 1.1 0.1
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.5 2.3 3.2 2.3 0.6 0.0
6th and 7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 * * * * 0.1 1.1 2.1 1.8 0.5 0.0
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 * * * * 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.9 0.5 0.0
White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.3 0.1 16.0 6.0 30.6 65.0 102.3 105.1 50.6 9.4 0.7
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.9 0.1 13.7 5.7 25.5 35.1 42.4 34.4 12.7 2.3 0.2
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.8 * 2.0 0.3 4.6 21.2 34.8 38.0 17.4 2.8 0.2
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 *
0.2 0.0 0.5 6.7 16.5 19.5 10.8 1.8 0.1
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 * 0.0 * 0.0 1.6 6.0 8.0 5.0 1.0 0.1
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 * * * * 0.3 1.8 2.9 2.1 0.5 0.0
6th and 7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 * * * * 0.1 0.7 1.8 1.7 0.5 0.0
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 * * * * 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.0
Black. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 0.6 31.8 15.3 56.7 100.2 102.0 81.6 43.6 10.7 0.9
1st child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.5 0.6 26.2 13.9 44.5 48.5 29.0 18.6 8.2 2.0 0.2
2nd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.5 * 4.8 1.2 10.2 31.5 32.2 23.7 11.5 2.6 0.2
3rd child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 * 0.7 0.1 1.7 13.7 21.9 18.6 10.2 2.3 0.2
4th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 * 0.1 * 0.2 4.6 11.0 10.3 6.3 1.5 0.1
5th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 * * * * 1.3
4.7 5.2 3.3 0.9 0.1
6th and 7th child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 * * * * 0.4 2.7 3.8 2.8 0.8 0.1
8th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 * * * * 0.1 0.4 1.3 1.4 0.6 0.1
* Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; based on fewer than 20 births in the numerator.
0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than 0.05.
1
Fertility rates computed by relating total births, regardless of age of mother, to women aged 15–44.
2
Birth rates computed by relating births to women aged 45 and over to women aged 45–49; see Technical Notes.
3
Includes origin not stated.
4
Includes races other than white and black.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Persons of Hispanic origin may
be of any race. In this table, Hispanic women are classified only by place of origin; non-Hispanic women are classified by race; see Technical Notes. This table will be updated to include rates
for specified Hispanic-origin groups when 2015 population data for these groups are available.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 29
Table 8. Birth rates, by age and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States,
1989–2015
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified racial group. Birth
rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations estimated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Populations for
specified Hispanic groups based on American Community Survey (ACS) estimates as of July 1 for 2010–2015; prior to 2010, populations for specified Hispanic groups
based on Current Population Survey (CPS) estimates as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and Hispanic origin and race of mother
Total
fertility
rate
Fertility
rate
1
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
2
45–49Total 15–17 18–19
All origins
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,843.5 62.5 0.2 22.3 9.9 40.7 76.8 104.3 101.5 51.8 11.0 0.8
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,862.5 62.9 0.3 24.2 10.9 43.8 79.0 105.8 100.8 51.0 10.6 0.8
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,857.5 62.5 0.3 26.5 12.3 47.1 80.7 105.5 98.0 49.3 10.4 0.8
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,880.5 63.0 0.4 29.4 14.1 51.4 83.1 106.5 97.3 48.3 10.4 0.7
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,894.5 63.2 0.4 31.3 15.4 54.1 85.3 107.2 96.5 47.2 10.3 0.7
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,931.0 64.1 0.4 34.2 17.3 58.2 90.0 108.3 96.5 45.9 10.2 0.7
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,002.0 66.2 0.5 37.9 19.6 64.0 96.2 111.5 97.5 46.1 10.0 0.7
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,072.0 68.1 0.6 40.2 21.1 68.2 101.8 115.0 99.4 46.8 9.9 0.7
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,120.0 69.3 0.6 41.5 21.7 71.7 105.4 118.1 100.6 47.6 9.6 0.6
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,108.0 68.6 0.6 41.1 21.6 71.2 105.5 118.0 98.9 47.5 9.4 0.6
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,057.0 66.7 0.6 39.7 21.1 68.4 101.8 116.5 96.7 46.4 9.1 0.6
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,051.5 66.4 0.6 40.5 21.8 68.7 101.5 116.5 96.2 45.5 9.0 0.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,047.5 66.1 0.6 41.1 22.2 69.6 102.3 116.7 95.7 43.9 8.7 0.5
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,020.5 65.0 0.7 42.6 23.1 72.2 103.1 114.7 92.6 41.6 8.3 0.5
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,030.5 65.1 0.8 45.0 24.5 75.5 105.6 113.8 91.8 40.5 8.1 0.5
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,056.0 65.9 0.9 47.7 26.9 78.1 109.7 113.5 91.2 39.7 8.0 0.5
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,007.5 64.4 0.9 48.8 28.2 79.1 107.9 111.2 87.1 37.8 7.4 0.4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,999.0 64.3 1.0 50.3 29.9 80.9 108.4 110.2 85.2 36.9 7.4 0.4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,971.0 63.6
1.1 51.3 31.4 82.1 107.3 108.3 83.0 35.7 7.1 0.4
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,976.0 64.1 1.2 53.5 33.3 84.7 107.8 108.6 82.1 34.9 6.8 0.3
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,978.0 64.6 1.3 56.0 35.5 87.7 107.5 108.8 81.1 34.0 6.6 0.3
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,001.5 65.9 1.4 58.2 37.2 90.2 109.2 111.0 80.4 33.4 6.4 0.3
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,019.5 67.0 1.4 59.0 37.5 91.1 111.3 113.2 79.9 32.7 6.1 0.3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,046.0 68.4 1.4 60.3 37.6 93.6 113.7 115.7 79.6 32.3 5.9 0.3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,062.5 69.3 1.4 61.8 38.6 94.0 115.3 117.2 79.2 31.9 5.5 0.2
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,081.0 70.9 1.4 59.9 37.5 88.6 116.5 120.2 80.8 31.7 5.5 0.2
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,014.0 69.2 1.4 57.3 36.4 84.2 113.8 117.6 77.4 29.9 5.2 0.2
Hispanic
Total:
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,123.5 71.7 0.4 34.9 17.4 61.9 102.1 119.3
98.6 54.5 14.0 0.9
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130.5 72.1 0.4 38.0 19.3 66.1 104.5 118.7 96.5 53.6 13.5 0.9
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,149.0 72.9 0.5 41.7 22.0 70.8 107.2 119.1 94.8 52.4 13.3 0.8
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,189.5 74.4 0.6 46.3 25.5 77.2 111.5 119.6 94.3 51.6 13.2 0.8
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,240.0 76.2 0.7 49.6 28.0 81.5 116.0 121.3 95.2 51.3 13.1 0.8
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,350.0 80.2 0.8 55.7 32.3 90.7 126.1 125.3 96.6 51.7 13.0 0.8
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,531.5 86.5 1.0 63.6 37.3 103.3 140.1 134.3 100.8 52.5 13.2 0.8
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,706.0 92.7 1.1 70.3 42.2 114.0 154.1 142.3 105.3 54.0 13.3 0.8
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,840.0 97.4 1.2 75.3 44.4 124.7 164.6 149.5 108.5 55.0 13.1 0.8
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,856.0 98.3 1.2 77.4 45.1 128.7 166.7 149.9 107.5 54.6 13.1 0.8
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,792.0 96.4
1.3 76.5 45.8 124.4 161.1 147.0 105.6 53.3 12.8 0.8
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,759.0 95.7 1.2 78.1 47.3 124.8 159.2 144.7 103.4 52.2 12.3 0.7
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,736.0 95.2 1.3 78.4 47.6 124.8 159.1 144.0 101.5 50.1 12.1 0.7
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,711.0 94.7 1.4 80.6 49.3 127.1 159.0 141.6 98.3 48.8 11.7 0.8
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,726.0 95.4 1.5 84.4 51.9 131.3 160.5 140.8 97.8 47.9 11.6 0.7
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,730.0 95.9 1.7 87.3 55.5 132.6 161.3 139.9 97.1 46.6 11.5 0.6
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,649.0 93.0 1.9 86.8 56.9 129.5 157.3 135.8 92.3 44.5 10.6 0.6
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,652.5 93.2 1.9 87.9 58.5 131.5 159.3 136.1 90.5 43.4 10.8 0.6
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,680.5 94.2 2.1 89.6 61.1 132.4 162.6 137.5 89.6 43.4 10.7 0.6
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,772.0 97.5 2.4 94.6 64.2 140.0 170.2 140.7 91.3 43.9
10.7 0.6
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,798.5 98.8 2.6 99.3 68.3 145.4 171.9 140.4 90.5 43.7 10.7 0.6
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,839.0 100.7 2.6 101.3 69.9 147.5 175.7 142.4 91.1 43.4 10.7 0.6
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,894.5 103.3 2.6 101.8 68.5 151.1 180.0 146.0 93.2 44.1 10.6 0.6
See footnotes at end of table.
30 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 8. Birth rates, by age and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States,
1989–2015—Con.
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified racial group. Birth
rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations estimated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Populations for
specified Hispanic groups based on American Community Survey (ACS) estimates as of July 1 for 2010–2015; prior to 2010, populations for specified Hispanic groups
based on Current Population Survey (CPS) estimates as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and Hispanic origin and race of mother
Total
fertility
rate
Fertility
rate
1
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
2
45–49Total 15–17 18–19
Hispanic—Con.
Total:
3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,957.5 106.1 2.5 103.3 68.9 153.9 185.2 148.8 94.8 45.3 11.0 0.6
3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,963.5 106.9 2.4 104.6 69.2 155.5 184.6 150.0 95.1 44.7 10.7 0.6
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,959.5 107.7 2.4 100.3 65.9 147.7 181.0 153.0 98.3 45.3 10.9 0.7
5
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,903.5 104.9 2.3 100.8 --- --- 184.4 146.6 92.1 43.5 10.4 0.6
Mexican:
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,983.5 67.0 0.4 35.5 18.2 61.2 97.4 111.9 88.8 49.3 12.6 0.8
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,018.5 68.4 0.5 39.5 21.2 66.5 101.6 113.5 87.4 47.7 12.7 0.8
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,082.5 70.7 0.6 44.5 24.8 74.2 106.0 115.7 88.3 48.1 12.5 0.8
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,143.0 73.0 0.6 47.9 27.7 77.6 111.6 118.2 89.3 47.9 12.4 0.7
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,276.5 78.2 0.8 55.3 32.6 89.9 123.3 122.9 91.5 48.1 12.7 0.7
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,442.0 84.8 1.0 62.9 37.8 100.5 135.2 129.0 96.0 50.6 13.0 0.7
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,663.5 92.6 1.1 71.4 44.4 111.7 154.3 138.4 101.9 51.4 13.4 0.8
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,944.5 102.8 1.2 81.7 49.9 130.6 176.0 150.2 110.1 55.4 13.5 0.8
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,997.0 105.6 1.3 86.6 50.7 145.4 180.3 152.3 109.0 55.5 13.6 0.8
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,954.5 104.5 1.4 87.5 52.3 144.5 173.5 152.1 107.1 55.3 13.2 0.8
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,948.5 104.5 1.4 90.3 55.6 142.5 173.4 152.5 105.5 53.5 12.4 0.7
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,903.0 103.7 1.4 88.8 54.4 140.7 172.2 151.0 104.2 49.6 12.7 0.7
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,869.0 103.0 1.5 91.4 57.0 141.0 171.2 146.8 101.1 48.5
12.5 0.8
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,905.0 105.0 1.7 93.2 58.2 142.5 173.8 146.8 102.1 50.1 12.6 0.7
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,906.5 105.1 1.9 95.4 60.6 146.7 174.9 144.7 102.3 49.2 12.2 0.7
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,823.0 101.5 2.1 94.3 60.8 145.6 170.8 141.4 97.4 47.2 10.7 0.7
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,878.0 103.2 2.1 96.4 62.9 149.2 176.5 147.4 94.9 46.9 10.8 0.6
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,957.0 106.6 2.3 103.4 71.3 151.6 180.9 150.0 95.3 47.4 11.5 0.6
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,052.0 110.7 2.6 112.2 77.7 161.6 185.3 154.7 96.5 46.4 12.0 0.7
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,033.5 109.9 2.7 115.9 79.1 170.7 190.4 146.6 93.0 45.5 11.9 0.7
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,024.0 109.9 2.7 109.2 73.6 163.3 189.1 153.6 92.5 45.3 11.7 0.7
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,041.5 110.9 2.5 103.6 68.4 156.6 187.9 159.5 97.2 45.5 11.3 0.8
3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,107.0 113.3 2.4 105.1 --- --- 196.6 160.2 97.1 47.4 11.8 0.8
3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,103.5 114.9 2.5 108.3 70.0 164.7 192.4 156.1 99.7 49.1 11.9 0.7
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,214.0 118.9 2.5 108.0 69.7 162.2 200.3 165.3 104.4 49.1 12.4 0.8
5
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,916.5 106.6 2.0 94.5 --- --- 184.3 153.7 96.1 41.0 11.1 0.6
Puerto Rican:
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,681.0 57.5 0.4 32.8 15.4 58.9 94.8 94.6 69.7 35.2 8.1 0.6
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,684.0 57.8 0.4 36.3 18.2 61.8 94.8 91.5 70.6 34.5 8.0 0.7
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,688.5 58.2 0.5 40.6 22.0 64.8 96.4 91.3 66.0 34.0 8.4 0.5
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,747.5 59.6 0.5 42.8 22.9 69.5 106.0 93.8 64.9 33.2 7.8 0.5
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,747.5 59.7 0.6 45.4 25.0 73.4 105.7 90.7 66.0 32.6 7.9 0.6
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,922.5 63.7 0.7 50.8 28.2 82.4 118.9 106.6 66.9 32.6 7.4 0.6
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,004.0 67.0 0.7 56.0 28.8 * 119.3 114.3 65.9 37.3 6.9 0.4
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,101.0 70.3 0.8 61.8 32.8 * 139.2 105.9 65.0 39.8 7.3 0.4
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,088.5 71.6 1.0 64.7 35.8 * 130.7 100.7 72.3 39.2 8.5 0.6
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,065.5 69.8 0.9 59.2 35.1 * 124.1 108.8 76.6 35.3 7.8 0.4
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,005.0 66.8 0.9 59.1 37.0 * 133.9 101.5 66.0 32.4 6.7 0.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,805.0 60.6 1.0 57.9 34.4 * 124.5 86.3 55.4 29.2 6.3 0.4
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,937.0 65.6 1.3 59.3 38.6 * 132.2 92.1 63.6 32.0 6.4 0.5
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,144.5 71.7 1.7 80.3 * * 144.5 93.9 70.6 30.8 6.7 0.4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,178.5
73.5 1.7 82.9 54.7 120.4 149.5 101.6 61.1 32.0 6.6 0.3
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,388.5 47.0 * * * * * * * * * *
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 31
Table 8. Birth rates, by age and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States,
1989–2015—Con.
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified racial group. Birth
rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations estimated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Populations for
specified Hispanic groups based on American Community Survey (ACS) estimates as of July 1 for 2010–2015; prior to 2010, populations for specified Hispanic groups
based on Current Population Survey (CPS) estimates as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and Hispanic origin and race of mother
Total
fertility
rate
Fertility
rate
1
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
2
45–49Total 15–17 18–19
Puerto Rican:—Con.
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,043.5 69.7 1.8 76.2 51.7 * 146.7 88.7 61.9 25.8 7.2 0.4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,931.5 65.8 1.7 68.9 45.0 * 136.0 92.9 54.1 26.1 6.2 0.4
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,965.0 66.5 1.9 76.5 48.6 * 133.7 95.6 54.3 25.2 5.6 *
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,078.0 71.3 2.9 82.8 57.3 * 138.1 97.9 61.2 26.9 5.5 0.3
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,341.5 78.2 3.1 99.6 68.8 * 169.0 103.8 59.5 27.5 5.6 0.2
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,416.0 79.8 3.1 104.9 70.1 * 184.6 102.8 54.4 26.7 6.2 *
3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,568.5 87.9 3.4 106.5 --- --- 199.1 102.6 65.3 29.9 6.6 *
3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,573.5 87.9 2.7 111.0 * * 193.3 108.9 68.1 23.9 6.5 *
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,301.0 82.9 2.9 101.6 71.6 141.6 150.1 109.9 62.8 26.2 6.2 0.5
5
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,421.0 86.6 3.8 112.7 --- --- 171.0 98.0 65.2 26.9 6.3 *
Cuban:
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,570.5 52.1 * 14.2 5.2 27.5 66.5 94.5 84.9 43.4 9.8 0.7
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,449.0 48.0 * 14.9 6.0 26.2 58.4 85.2 78.2 44.0 8.5 0.5
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,370.5 45.4 * 15.0 6.6 24.9 57.3 78.7 72.9 40.7 8.8 0.6
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,433.5 46.1 * 15.8 6.7 29.0 54.7 86.1 78.4 42.0 9.1 0.5
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,452.5 46.4 * 17.8 8.0 29.7 61.6 80.6 82.8 39.1 8.0 0.5
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,352.0 46.0 * * * * * * * * * *
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,536.5 50.1 * * * * * * * * * *
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,542.5 47.6 * * * * * * * * 6.4 *
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,556.5 47.9 * * * * * * * * 6.8 *
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,540.5 49.1 * * * * * * * * * *
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,699.5 52.2 * * * * * * * * * *
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,032.5 60.8 * * * * * * * * * *
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,958.5 59.3 * * * * * * * * * *
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,786.0 56.4 * * * * * * * * * *
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,528.0 49.3 * 23.5 14.2 43.4 64.2 104.0 68.1 37.3 7.9 *
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,388.5 47.0 * * * * * * * * * *
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,402.5 46.5 * * *
* * * * * * *
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,619.5 53.1 * * * * * * * * * *
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,617.0 55.1 * * * * * * * * * *
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,584.0 52.2 * * * * * * * * * *
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,587.0 53.6 * * * * * * * * * *
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,570.0 53.9 * * * * * * * * * *
3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,453.5 49.4 * * --- --- * * * * * *
3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,352.5 47.6 * * * * * * * * * *
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,459.5 52.6 * 30.3 18.2 46.1 64.6 95.4 67.6 28.2 4.9 *
5
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,479.0 49.8 * * --- --- * * * * * *
Other Hispanic
6
:
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,805.5 94.9 0.7 51.6 27.9 84.1 134.3 154.5 129.1 71.6 18.0 1.3
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,799.5 94.4 0.7 52.2 28.6 84.7 136.3 154.2 125.5 72.2 17.7 1.1
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,812.5 94.9 0.9 58.9 33.2 93.4 140.7 153.6 122.3 68.0 17.0 1.1
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,847.5 96.3 1.1 62.1 35.1 99.9 142.3 150.3 127.3 68.6 16.7 1.1
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,870.0 97.1 1.0 67.4 39.6 105.2 146.6 154.2 120.5 67.0 16.2 1.1
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,248.5 107.5 1.3 78.4 44.2 131.3 181.3 169.4 133.5 68.3 16.3 1.2
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,278.0 109.1 1.4 80.5 47.9 129.3 180.5 171.1 135.9 69.1 16.0 1.1
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,995.0 100.1 1.2 68.1 38.8 113.4 154.5 173.4 124.1 60.7 15.9 1.1
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2,918.0 95.6 1.1 62.5 36.3 99.7 154.3 172.7 118.0 59.3 14.7 1.0
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,737.0 90.5 1.1 58.2 35.0 90.2 148.1 152.3 115.0 57.6 14.3 0.8
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,594.0 87.4 1.1 54.6 31.1 90.2 131.1 143.5 113.5 59.2 15.0 0.8
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,690.0 89.7 1.0 57.5 34.9 88.0 138.4 152.3 111.8 62.4 13.8 0.8
See footnotes at end of table.
32 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 8. Birth rates, by age and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States,
1989–2015—Con.
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified racial group. Birth
rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations estimated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Populations for
specified Hispanic groups based on American Community Survey (ACS) estimates as of July 1 for 2010–2015; prior to 2010, populations for specified Hispanic groups
based on Current Population Survey (CPS) estimates as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and Hispanic origin and race of mother
Total
fertility
rate
Fertility
rate
1
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
2
45–49Total 15–17 18–19
Other Hispanic
6
:
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,612.0 86.5 1.1 60.9 33.7 105.4 138.8 149.5 101.7 57.3 12.3 0.8
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,503.5 82.2 1.1 63.8 35.0 111.6 133.6 143.7 95.6 50.4 11.6 0.9
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,563.5 85.1 1.2 69.9 44.4 102.0 133.2 143.9 103.6 47.7 12.5 0.7
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,517.0 84.8 1.5 75.5 53.1 100.5 130.2 138.4 98.3 46.5 12.3 0.7
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,448.5 83.5 1.8 75.0 53.3 100.3 122.7 133.6 97.8 45.4 12.8 0.6
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,376.5 80.6 1.8 66.4 44.5 98.0 129.3 125.8 95.6 43.9 11.8 0.7
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,516.5 84.2 2.2 64.8 43.4 95.6 149.6 127.9 98.0 49.1 11.0 0.7
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,629.5 89.1 2.3 72.1 51.3 99.4 144.3 147.7 97.9 49.4 11.6 0.6
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,693.0 93.2 2.5 82.6 62.7 105.0 151.2 137.0 104.4 48.4 11.9 0.6
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,914.5 101.5 2.6 102.0 74.7 134.6 167.5 139.4 106.7 51.7 12.5 0.5
3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,989.0 104.7 2.4 108.2 --- --- 168.0 151.9 104.4 49.9 12.5 0.5
3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,064.5 105.5 2.2 100.7 67.3 145.6 184.1 164.5 100.2 49.2 11.4 0.6
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,877.0 102.7 2.1 86.0 57.2 123.8 162.9 155.8 106.9 49.4 11.6 0.7
5
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,683.0 95.8 1.7 66.4 --- --- 159.2 150.4 85.1 60.3 12.7 0.8
Non-Hispanic
7
Total
8
:
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,769.5 60.2 0.2 18.6 7.7 34.8 70.1 100.6 102.2 51.1 10.3 0.8
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,793.0 60.7 0.2 20.3 8.5 37.6 72.4 102.7 101.9 50.3 10.0 0.8
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,784.0 59.9 0.2 22.3 9.5 40.6 74.1 102.3 98.8 48.5 9.8 0.8
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,803.0 60.3 0.3 24.8 10.9 44.5 76.2 103.3 98.0 47.5 9.8 0.7
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,810.5 60.1 0.3 26.5 12.0 47.0 78.0 103.8 96.8 46.2 9.8 0.7
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,831.0 60.4 0.3 28.8 13.4 50.3 81.5 104.2 96.5 44.5 9.7 0.7
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,877.5 61.6 0.4 31.6 15.1 54.7 86.0 106.0 96.7 44.7 9.4 0.7
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,926.0 62.7 0.4 33.1 16.0 57.8 90.0 108.6 97.9 45.3 9.3 0.6
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,959.5 63.3 0.5 33.8 16.4 60.1 92.3 110.9 98.7 46.1 9.0 0.6
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,946.0 62.5 0.5 33.2 16.5 59.0 92.3 110.7 96.9 46.2 8.8 0.6
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,902.0 60.8 0.5 32.1 15.9 56.9 89.2 109.5 94.7 45.2 8.6 0.6
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,906.0 60.8 0.5 33.1 16.7 57.6 89.5 110.1 94.7 44.3 8.5 0.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,909.0 60.7 0.5 33.9 17.2 58.9 90.6 110.6 94.6 42.8 8.3 0.5
2002
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,885.0 59.8 0.6 35.4 18.2 61.6 91.8 108.7 91.6 40.5 7.9 0.5
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,898.0 60.0 0.6 37.8 19.6 65.0 94.6 108.1 90.8 39.5 7.7 0.5
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,931.5 61.1 0.7 40.7 21.9 68.2 99.5 108.4 90.2 38.8 7.6 0.4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,894.0 60.0 0.8 42.2 23.3 70.2 98.4 106.7 86.2 37.0 7.1 0.4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,887.5 60.0 0.8 44.0 25.2 72.4 98.9 105.8 84.4 36.2 7.0 0.4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,853.0 59.3 0.9 45.0 26.7 73.7 97.4 103.5 82.0 34.8 6.7 0.3
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,852.0 59.6 1.0 47.0 28.4 75.8 97.3 103.6 80.8 33.9 6.5 0.3
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,856.5 60.2 1.1 49.3 30.5 78.6 97.4 104.1 79.9 33.0 6.2 0.3
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,883.5 61.6 1.2 51.7 32.3 81.4 99.5 106.5 79.1 32.4 6.0 0.3
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,901.5 62.7 1.2 52.7 32.9 82.3 101.7
108.7 78.4 31.6 5.7 0.3
3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,929.0 64.2 1.2 54.3 33.2 85.3 104.3 111.4 77.9 31.1 5.4 0.2
3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,953.0 65.2 1.3 56.1 34.4 86.1 106.5 113.1 77.5 30.8 5.1 0.2
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,979.5 67.1 1.3 54.8 33.8 81.4 108.1 116.5 79.2 30.7 5.1 0.2
5
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,921.0 65.7 1.3 53.4 --- --- 107.8 113.4 74.7 28.6 4.8 0.2
White:
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,746.0 59.3 0.1 16.0 6.0 30.6 65.0 102.3 105.1 50.6 9.4 0.7
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,762.5 59.5 0.1 17.3 6.7 32.9 67.1 103.9 104.7 49.6 9.1 0.7
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,751.0 58.7 0.1 18.6 7.4 35.0 68.3 103.5 101.9 48.0 9.1 0.7
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,761.5 58.6 0.2 20.5 8.4 37.9 70.2 104.4 100.5 46.8 9.1 0.6
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 33
Table 8. Birth rates, by age and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States,
1989–2015—Con.
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified racial group. Birth
rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations estimated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Populations for
specified Hispanic groups based on American Community Survey (ACS) estimates as of July 1 for 2010–2015; prior to 2010, populations for specified Hispanic groups
based on Current Population Survey (CPS) estimates as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and Hispanic origin and race of mother
Total
fertility
rate
Fertility
rate
1
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
2
45–49Total 15–17 18–19
White:—Con.
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,773.5 58.7 0.2 21.7 9.0 39.9 71.8 105.2 100.1 45.8 9.3 0.6
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,791.0 58.7 0.2 23.5 10.0 42.5 74.9 105.8 99.9 44.1 9.2 0.6
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,830.0 59.6 0.2 25.7 11.0 46.2 79.2 107.1 99.7 44.4 9.1 0.6
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,874.5 60.5 0.2 26.7 11.6 48.6 82.8 109.7 100.8 45.2 8.9 0.6
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,908.0 61.0 0.2 27.2 11.9 50.4 85.1 112.0 101.5 46.3 8.7 0.6
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,900.5 60.3 0.2 26.7 11.8 49.4 85.1 112.2 100.0 46.8 8.5 0.6
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,869.0 59.0 0.2 26.0 11.5 48.0 82.7 111.7 98.4 46.0 8.3 0.5
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,871.0 58.9 0.2 26.7 12.0 48.6 83.0 112.1 98.3 45.1 8.3 0.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,874.5 58.9 0.2 27.4 12.4 50.0 84.1 112.7 98.4 43.5 8.1 0.5
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,840.0 57.6 0.2 28.6 13.1 52.0 84.7 110.4 95.0 40.9 7.7 0.5
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,846.0 57.7 0.3 30.3 14.0 54.7 87.0 109.6 94.3 39.8 7.5 0.4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,866.0 58.5 0.3 32.6 15.8 57.5 91.2 109.4 93.2 38.8 7.3 0.4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,838.5 57.7 0.3 34.1 17.1 59.4 90.6 108.6 89.5 37.3 6.9 0.4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,825.0 57.6 0.3 35.3 18.3 60.9 91.2 107.4 87.2 36.4 6.8 0.4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,785.5 56.8 0.4 36.0 19.3 62.1 90.0 104.8 84.3 34.8 6.5 0.3
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,781.0 57.1 0.4 37.6 20.6 64.0 90.1 104.9 82.8 33.9 6.2 0.3
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,777.5 57.5 0.4 39.3 22.0 66.2 90.2 105.1 81.5 32.8 5.9 0.3
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,782.5 58.2 0.5 40.4 22.7 67.6 90.9 106.6 80.2 32.0 5.7 0.2
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,786.0 58.9
0.5 40.7 22.7 67.7 92.2 108.2 79.0 31.0 5.4 0.2
3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,803.5 60.0 0.5 41.7 22.7 69.8 93.9 110.6 78.3 30.4 5.1 0.2
3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,822.5 60.9 0.5 43.4 23.6 70.6 95.7 112.1 77.7 30.2 4.7 0.2
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,850.5 62.8 0.5 42.5 23.2 66.6 97.5 115.3 79.4 30.0 4.7 0.2
5
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,770.0 60.5 0.4 39.9 --- --- 94.7 111.7 75.0 27.8 4.3 0.2
Black:
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,857.0 64.1 0.6 31.8 15.3 56.7 100.2 102.0 81.6 43.6 10.7 0.9
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,873.5 64.5 0.6 34.9 16.6 61.5 102.8 103.3 79.6 42.5 10.1 0.9
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,881.5 64.6 0.7 39.0 18.9 67.0 105.6 102.7 77.3 40.3 9.9 0.8
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,898.5 65.0 0.8 43.9 21.9 74.1 109.0 101.7 75.1 38.9 9.6 0.7
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,919.5 65.4 0.9 47.3 24.6 78.8 112.3 101.7 73.9 37.8 9.3 0.7
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,971.5 66.6 1.0 51.5 27.4 85.6 119.4 102.5 73.6 36.4 9.2 0.7
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,046.5 68.9 1.1 56.8 31.0 93.5 125.9 106.0 73.9 36.1 8.9 0.6
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,115.5 70.8 1.4 60.4 33.6 100.0 131.6 108.8 75.3 36.3 8.7 0.6
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,142.0 71.4 1.4 62.0 34.6 105.2 134.5 110.5 74.7 36.2 8.5 0.6
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,128.5 70.7 1.5 61.9 35.2 105.1 134.4 110.0 73.2 35.9 8.3 0.5
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,030.5 67.2 1.6 59.4 34.1 100.2 127.9 105.5 68.8 34.2 8.2 0.5
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,030.5 67.1 1.6 61.9 36.4 101.6 127.9 105.0 67.8 33.6 7.8 0.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,037.5 67.1 1.6 63.8 38.2 103.4 128.8 104.0 67.7 33.4 7.7 0.5
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,053.0 67.5 1.9 67.7 40.6 109.5 131.4 103.1 66.5 32.1 7.5 0.4
2001
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,107.0 69.1 2.1 73.1 44.8 115.9 137.3 102.8 66.4 32.0 7.3 0.4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,178.5 71.4 2.4 79.2 50.1 121.9 145.4 102.8 66.5 31.8 7.2 0.4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,134.0 69.9 2.6 81.0 51.7 123.9 142.1 99.8 63.9 30.6 6.5 0.3
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,164.0 70.9 2.9 85.7 56.8 128.2 142.5 99.9 64.4 30.4 6.7 0.3
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,137.5 70.3 3.2 88.3 60.7 131.0 138.8 97.2 63.6 29.6 6.5 0.3
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,140.0 70.7 3.6 91.9 64.8 134.1 137.0 96.7 63.2 29.1 6.2 0.3
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,186.5 72.8 4.2 97.2 70.4 139.2 137.8 98.5 64.4 28.8 6.1 0.3
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,314.5 77.5 4.6 105.7 77.0 150.4 146.8 104.1 66.3 29.1 6.0 0.3
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,412.5 81.5 4.6 110.5 81.1 154.6 154.5 109.2 68.1 29.4 5.9 0.3
3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,482.5 84.5 4.8 114.7 82.9 161.1 160.8 112.8 68.4 29.1 5.7 0.2
3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,532.0 87.0 4.9 118.2 86.1 162.2 164.8 115.1 68.9 28.7 5.6 0.2
See footnotes at end of table.
34 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 8. Birth rates, by age and Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States,
1989–2015—Con.
[Total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 in specified racial group. Birth
rates are births per 1,000 women in specified group. Populations estimated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years. Populations for
specified Hispanic groups based on American Community Survey (ACS) estimates as of July 1 for 2010–2015; prior to 2010, populations for specified Hispanic groups
based on Current Population Survey (CPS) estimates as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years]
Year and Hispanic origin and race of mother
Total
fertility
rate
Fertility
rate
1
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
2
45–49Total 15–17 18–19
Black:—Con.
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,547.5 89.0 5.0 116.2 84.9 157.5 165.1 118.4 70.2 28.7 5.6 0.3
5
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,424.0 84.8 5.2 111.9 --- --- 156.3 113.8 65.7 26.3 5.3 0.3
--- Data not available.
* Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; based on fewer than 20 births in the numerator or, for the Hispanic subgroups, a relative standard error of 23% or more for
the ACS-based rates of 2010–2015 or fewer than 50 women in the denominator for census years and 75,000 women for noncensus years for the CPS-based rates for 1989–2009; see
reference 12.
1
Fertility rates computed by relating total births, regardless of age of mother, to women aged 15–44.
2
Beginning in 1997, birth rates computed by relating births to women aged 45 and over to women aged 45–49; see Technical Notes.
3
Excludes data for New Hampshire, which did not report Hispanic origin.
4
Excludes data for New Hampshire and Oklahoma, which did not report Hispanic origin.
5
Excludes data for Louisiana, New Hampshire, and Oklahoma, which did not report Hispanic origin.
6
Includes Central and South American and other and unknown Hispanic.
7
Includes origin not stated.
8
Includes races other than white and black.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas
vary for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. In this table, Hispanic women are classified only by place of origin; non-Hispanic women are
classified by race; see Technical Notes. This table will be updated to include rates for specified Hispanic-origin groups when 2015 population data for these groups are available.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 35
Table 9. Birth rates, by live-birth order and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015
[Rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44. Populations based on counts enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years.
Figures for live-birth order not stated are distributed]
Year and race and Hispanic origin of mother Fertility rate
Live-birth order
1 2 3 4 5 6 and 7 8 and over
All races
1,2
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 24.1 20.1 10.6 4.6 1.8 1.1 0.4
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.9 24.6 20.1 10.6 4.5 1.8 1.1 0.3
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 24.7 19.9 10.4 4.4 1.7 1.0 0.3
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.0 25.2 19.9 10.4 4.4 1.7 1.0 0.3
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 25.4 20.0 10.4 4.4 1.7 1.0 0.3
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 25.9 20.2 10.6 4.4 1.7 1.0 0.3
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.2 26.8 20.8 11.0 4.6 1.7 1.0 0.3
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.1 27.5 21.5 11.4 4.7 1.7 1.0 0.3
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.3 27.8 22.0 11.7 4.7 1.8 1.0 0.3
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.6 27.4 21.9 11.6 4.7 1.7 1.0 0.3
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.7 26.5 21.5 11.3 4.5 1.6 0.9 0.3
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.4 26.4 21.4 11.2 4.4 1.6 0.9 0.3
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.1 26.5 21.4 11.1 4.3 1.6 0.9 0.3
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.0 25.8 21.2 10.9 4.3 1.6 0.9 0.3
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.1 25.9 21.3 11.0 4.3 1.6 0.9 0.3
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 26.5 21.4 11.0 4.2 1.6 0.9 0.3
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.4 26.0 21.0 10.7 4.1 1.5 0.9 0.3
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 25.9 21.0 10.6 4.1 1.5 0.9 0.3
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 25.9 20.7 10.4 4.0 1.5 0.9 0.3
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 26.3 20.7 10.4 4.0 1.5 0.9 0.3
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.6 26.9 20.7 10.3 4.0 1.5 0.9 0.3
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 27.1 21.2 10.6 4.1 1.6 0.9 0.3
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.0 27.3 21.7 10.9 4.3 1.6 1.0 0.3
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 27.6 22.2 11.2 4.4 1.7 1.0 0.3
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.3 28.2 22.3 11.4 4.4 1.7 1.0 0.3
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.9 29.0 22.8 11.7 4.5 1.7 1.0 0.3
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.2 28.4 22.4 11.3 4.3 1.6 0.9 0.3
1988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 27.6 22.0 10.9 4.1 1.5 0.9 0.3
1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.8 27.2 21.6 10.5 3.9 1.4 0.8 0.3
1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 27.2 21.6 10.3 3.8 1.4 0.8 0.3
1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.3 27.6 22.0 10.4 3.8 1.4 0.8 0.3
1984
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.5 27.4 21.7 10.1 3.7 1.4 0.9 0.3
1983
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.7 27.8 21.5 10.1 3.7 1.4 0.9 0.3
1982
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 28.6 22.0 10.2 3.8 1.4 0.9 0.3
1981
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 29.0 21.6 10.1 3.8 1.5 0.9 0.4
1980
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 29.5 21.8 10.3 3.9 1.5 1.0 0.4
Non-Hispanic white
2,4
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.3 23.9 19.8 9.5 3.7 1.3 0.8 0.3
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.5 24.5 19.7 9.4 3.6 1.3 0.8 0.3
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 24.4 19.3 9.2 3.5 1.2 0.7 0.3
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.6 24.7 19.2 9.1 3.4 1.2 0.7 0.3
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 24.9 19.2 9.0 3.4 1.2 0.7 0.3
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 25.0 19.2 9.1 3.4 1.2 0.7 0.3
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 25.3 19.5 9.2 3.4 1.2 0.7 0.3
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.5 25.5 19.8 9.5 3.5 1.2 0.7 0.2
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.0 25.6 20.1 9.7 3.5 1.2 0.7 0.2
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.3 25.1 20.0 9.6 3.5 1.1 0.6 0.2
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.0 24.4 19.8 9.5 3.4 1.1 0.6 0.2
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 24.4 19.8 9.5 3.3 1.1 0.6 0.2
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 24.5 19.8 9.4 3.3 1.1 0.6 0.2
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.6 23.6 19.6 9.3 3.3 1.1 0.6 0.2
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.7 23.6 19.7 9.4 3.3 1.1 0.6 0.2
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.5 24.2 19.8 9.4 3.3 1.1 0.6 0.2
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.7 24.0 19.6 9.2 3.2 1.0 0.6 0.2
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.6 23.8 19.7 9.2 3.1 1.0 0.6 0.2
See footnotes at end of table.
36 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 9. Birth rates, by live-birth order and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015—Con.
[Rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44. Populations based on counts enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years.
Figures for live-birth order not stated are distributed]
Year and race and Hispanic origin of mother Fertility rate
Live-birth order
1 2 3 4 5 6 and 7 8 and over
Non-Hispanic white
2,4
—Con.
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.8 23.8 19.3 8.9 3.0 1.0 0.5 0.2
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.1 24.1 19.3 8.9 3.0 1.0 0.5 0.2
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.5 24.5 19.3 8.9 3.0 1.0 0.5 0.2
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.2 24.6 19.7 9.1 3.1 1.0 0.5 0.2
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 24.8 20.1 9.2 3.1 1.0 0.5 0.2
1992
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.0 25.1 20.5 9.5 3.2 1.0 0.5 0.2
1991
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.9 25.8 20.6 9.6 3.2 1.0 0.5 0.2
1990
6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.8 26.7 21.2 9.9 3.3 1.1 0.5 0.2
Non-Hispanic black
2,4
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 23.5 18.5 11.5 5.7 2.6 1.7 0.6
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.5 23.9 18.6 11.5 5.6 2.5 1.7 0.6
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.6 24.4 18.6 11.3 5.5 2.5 1.7 0.6
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.0 25.1 18.6 11.2 5.5 2.4 1.7 0.5
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 25.6 18.5 11.1 5.4 2.4 1.7 0.6
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.6 26.3 18.9 11.3 5.4 2.5 1.7 0.5
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.9 27.3 19.4 11.7 5.7 2.5 1.7 0.6
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.8 28.1 20.0 12.1 5.8 2.6 1.7 0.5
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.4 27.9 20.4 12.3 5.9 2.6 1.7 0.5
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.7 27.5 20.3 12.3 5.8 2.5 1.7 0.5
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.2 25.8 19.3 11.8 5.6 2.5 1.7 0.5
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.1 25.5 19.4 11.9 5.6 2.5 1.7 0.5
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.1 25.4 19.6 11.9 5.6 2.5 1.6 0.5
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.5 25.4 19.7 12.1 5.7 2.5 1.7 0.6
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.1 25.9 20.4 12.4 5.8 2.5 1.7 0.6
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.4 26.7 21.2 12.8 5.9 2.6 1.8 0.6
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.9 26.4 20.8 12.3 5.7 2.5 1.7 0.6
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.9 27.0 21.0 12.3 5.7 2.6 1.8 0.6
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.3 27.2 20.6 12.0 5.7 2.5 1.8 0.6
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.7 27.6 20.5 12.0 5.6 2.6 1.8 0.6
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.8 28.9 20.9 12.1 5.8 2.7 1.9 0.6
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.5 30.0 22.4 13.2 6.3 2.9 2.0 0.6
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.5 30.5 23.6 14.3 7.0 3.2 2.2 0.7
1992
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.5 31.1 24.8 15.2 7.3 3.4 2.2 0.6
1991
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.0 32.1 25.5 15.7 7.5 3.4 2.2 0.6
1990
6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.0 33.2 26.3 16.0 7.6 3.3 2.0 0.6
Hispanic
7
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.7 24.3 21.5 14.3 7.0 2.8 1.5 0.3
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.1 24.5 21.6 14.4 7.0 2.8 1.5 0.3
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.9 24.9 21.8 14.6 7.0 2.8 1.5 0.3
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.4 25.5 22.3 14.9 7.1 2.8 1.5 0.3
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.2 26.3 22.9 15.2 7.2 2.8 1.5 0.3
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.2 28.0 24.0 15.9 7.5 2.9 1.5 0.3
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.5 30.6 25.9 17.0 8.0 3.0 1.6 0.3
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.7 33.0 27.8 18.3 8.4 3.2 1.7 0.3
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.4 34.7 29.4 19.3 8.7 3.3 1.7 0.4
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.3 35.1 29.9 19.3 8.7 3.3 1.7 0.4
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.4 34.4 29.6 19.0 8.4 3.1 1.6 0.4
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.7 34.4 29.3 18.7 8.2 3.1 1.6 0.4
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.2 34.5 29.4 18.3 8.0 3.0 1.6 0.4
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.7 34.7 29.1 18.0 7.9 3.0 1.6 0.4
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.4 35.2 29.3 18.0 7.9 3.0 1.7 0.4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.9 35.8 29.2 18.0 7.7 3.0 1.7 0.4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.0 34.6 28.5 17.3 7.5 2.9 1.7 0.4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.2 34.8 28.5 17.2 7.6 3.0 1.7 0.4
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 37
Table 9. Birth rates, by live-birth order and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015—Con.
[Rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44. Populations based on counts enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other years.
Figures for live-birth order not stated are distributed]
Year and race and Hispanic origin of mother Fertility rate
Live-birth order
1 2 3 4 5 6 and 7 8 and over
Hispanic
7
—Con.
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.2 35.6 28.6 17.1 7.6 3.0 1.8 0.5
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.5 37.2 29.4 17.4 7.8 3.2 1.9 0.5
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.8 38.4 29.3 17.4 7.8 3.3 2.0 0.6
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.7 39.0 29.7 17.6 8.2 3.4 2.1 0.6
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.3 39.3 30.4 18.3 8.6 3.7 2.3 0.6
1992
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.1 40.1 30.9 19.0 9.1 3.9 2.5 0.7
1991
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.9 40.8 30.6 19.2 9.2 3.9 2.5 0.7
1990
6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.7 40.7 30.9 19.5 9.3 4.0 2.6 0.8
1
Includes races other than white and black.
2
Includes origin not stated.
3
Based on 100% of births in selected states and on a 50% sample of births in all other states; see reference 12.
4
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and
Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see
Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes.
5
Excludes data for New Hampshire, which did not report Hispanic origin.
6
Excludes data for New Hampshire and Oklahoma, which did not report Hispanic origin.
7
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
38 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 10. Births, by race of mother: United States, each state and territory, 2015
[By place of residence]
Area All races White Black
American Indian or
Alaska Native
Asian or Pacific
Islander
Number
United States
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,978,497 3,012,855 640,079 44,299 281,264
Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,657 39,845 18,429 190 1,193
Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,282 7,244 509 2,415 1,114
Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,351 71,422 5,095 5,316 3,518
Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,886 29,532 7,767 353 1,234
California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491,748 377,423 30,546 3,510 80,269
Colorado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,581 58,756 4,049 803 2,973
Connecticut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,746 28,164 4,988 97 2,497
Delaware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,166 7,341 3,134 16 675
District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,578 4,061 5,002 16 499
Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224,269 162,594 53,699 373 7,603
Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,404 76,904 47,734 298 6,468
Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,420 6,322 620 35 11,443
Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,827 21,618 287 406 516
Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158,116 119,630 28,059 205 10,222
Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,040 70,741 10,656 120 2,523
Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,482 35,279 2,597 242 1,364
Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,154 34,251 3,090 330 1,483
Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,971 49,061 5,507 88 1,315
Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,692 37,801 25,001 392 1,498
Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,607 11,805 473 143 186
Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,616 42,471 25,017 279 5,849
Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,492 55,350 9,288 141 6,713
Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,312 85,838 22,394 786 4,294
Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,834 54,407 8,353 1,415 5,659
Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,394 20,730 16,846 259 559
Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,061 60,913 11,660 359 2,129
Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,583 10,768 103 1,560 152
Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,679 23,126 2,009 557 987
Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,298 27,648 4,803 510 3,337
New Hampshire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,433 11,600 280 26 527
New Jersey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103,127 72,400 18,363 172 12,192
New Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,816 21,183 664 3,452 517
New York . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237,274 163,871 46,109 738 26,556
North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,843 81,154 31,864 1,964 5,861
North Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,314 9,345 640 985 344
Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,264 109,566 25,078 253
4,367
Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,122 40,143 5,293 5,924 1,762
Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,655 40,484 1,463 813 2,895
Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,047 109,595 24,100 391 6,961
Rhode Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,993 8,824 1,392 138 639
South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,139 38,056 18,577 217 1,289
South Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,336 9,504 344 2,166 322
Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,685 61,814 17,507 211 2,153
Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403,618 327,429 53,144 1,270 21,775
Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,778 47,381 823 699 1,875
Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,903 5,554 149 25 175
Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103,303 71,485 23,029 254 8,535
Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,990 71,041 5,302 2,036 10,611
West Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,805 18,814 738 28 225
Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,041 55,350 7,386 1,029 3,276
Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,765 7,217 119 294 135
See footnote at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 39
Table 10. Births, by race of mother: United States, each state and territory, 2015—Con.
[By place of residence]
Area All races White Black
American Indian or
Alaska Native
Asian or Pacific
Islander
Number
Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,157 27,691 3,374 40 52
Virgin Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,325 129 1,180 1 15
Guam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,366 217 38 13 3,098
American Samoa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,078 2 1 – 1,075
Northern Marianas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 3 – – 424
– Quantity zero.
1
Excludes data for the territories.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and
the District of Columbia reported mulitple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to the single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. In this table, all women,
including Hispanic women, are classified only according to their race; see Technical Notes.
40 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 11. Births, by Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States, each state and
territory, 2015
[By place of residence]
Area All origins
Origin of mother
Hispanic Non-Hispanic
Not
statedTotal Mexican
Puerto
Rican Cuban
Central
and
South
American
Other and
unknown
Hispanic Total
1
White Black
United States
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3,978,497 924,048 546,169 70,987 21,107 142,249 143,536 3,021,999 2,130,279 589,047 32,450
Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,657 4,295 2,606 239 51 1,272 127 55,344 35,826 18,261 18
Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,282 810 411 91 17 119 172 10,290 6,543 423 182
Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,351 35,247 31,165 548 186 1,195 2,153 49,626 36,976 4,582 478
Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,886 4,008 2,928 91 18 693 278 34,762 25,714 7,589 116
California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491,748 234,237 175,341 2,139 770 18,297 37,690 246,400 141,592 27,035 11,111
Colorado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,581 18,139 11,726 461 116 1,205 4,631 47,592 40,878 3,453 850
Connecticut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,746 8,275 805 4,282 96 2,869 223 27,377 20,395 4,439 94
Delaware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,166 1,532 598 328 19 454 133 9,622 5,959 2,986 12
District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,578 1,327 161 40 27 898 201 8,224 2,976 4,802 27
Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224,269 64,078 12,102 13,126 13,768 21,124 3,958 159,617 102,549 49,609 574
Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,404 17,836 11,148 1,200 313 3,939 1,236 111,866 60,328 45,461 1,702
Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,420 2,775 807 976 21 125 846 15,628 4,803 579 17
Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,827 3,645 2,940 56 13 161 475 19,116 18,087 240 66
Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158,116 33,902 27,696 2,526 211 2,504 965 122,761 85,424 27,160 1,453
Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,040 7,634 5,540 406 54 931 703 76,370 63,472 10,343 36
Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,482 3,418 2,608 103 16 557 134 36,060 32,028 2,503 4
Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,154 6,300 4,619 159 41 622 859 32,812 28,236 2,912 42
Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,971 3,000 1,661 235 223 611 270 52,900 46,344 5,269 71
Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,692 4,826 1,778 200 145 2,164
539 59,791 34,047 24,064 75
Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,607 251 64 74 15 58 40 12,348 11,563 463 8
Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,616 11,750 1,661 730 139 8,017 1,203 61,662 32,412 23,626 204
Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,492 13,015 513 4,629 137 3,630 4,106 57,268 43,651 7,019 1,209
Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,312 7,431 4,722 555 118 777 1,259 105,683 78,960 21,822 198
Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,834 4,852 3,247 180 62 1,040 323 64,460 49,673 8,030 522
Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,394 1,613 904 116 16 427 150 36,776 19,635 16,419 5
Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,061 4,042 2,478 198 82 737 547 70,720 57,092 11,304 299
Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,583 573 343 27 6 33 164 11,968 10,270 89 42
Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,679 4,249 2,994 85 74 860 236 22,415 19,201 1,872 15
Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,298 13,225 10,325 330 339 1,473 758 22,952 14,937 4,455
121
New Hampshire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,433 638 104 173 15 123 223 11,698 10,928 237 97
New Jersey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103,127 27,919 5,094 6,113 721 11,814 4,177 73,932 47,425 14,880 1,276
New Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,816 14,431 5,233 99 51 152 8,896 11,096 7,157 472 289
New York . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237,274 55,796 8,529 12,721 676 17,971 15,899 177,387 114,643 36,392 4,091
North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,843 18,091 10,297 1,454 316 4,712 1,312 102,695 67,122 28,866 57
North Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,314 580 384 45 8 40 103 10,586 8,796 573 148
Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,264 6,974 3,056 1,672 105 1,278 863 131,683 103,586 23,739 607
Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,122 7,406 5,537 199 43 778 849 45,631 33,293 4,995 85
Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,655 8,518 7,419 140 73 558 328 36,910 32,147 1,335 227
Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,047 14,950 2,440 7,435 252 1,868 2,955 124,479 97,845 20,160 1,618
Rhode Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,993
2,622 164 737 23 777 921 8,289 6,702 952 82
South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,139 4,942 2,652 492 99 1,283 416 53,055 33,927 17,801 142
South Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,336 559 307 45 9 143 55 11,760 9,063 328 17
Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,685 7,264 4,641 399 111 1,782 331 74,280 55,420 16,792 141
Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403,618 191,157 140,254 2,264 1,063 14,668 32,908 212,089 140,553 49,662 372
Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,778 7,876 5,493 161 35 1,246 941 41,361 38,473 644 1,541
Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,903 139 37 39 6 30 27 5,683 5,370 131 81
Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103,303 13,930 3,028 1,224 211 4,331 5,136 89,244 59,244 21,777 129
Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,990 16,073 12,062 436 118 1,351 2,106 71,517 55,352 4,619 1,400
West Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,805 331 132 61 9 61 68 19,354 18,442 698 120
Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,041 6,604 4,761 929 67
428 419 60,195 49,024 7,098 242
Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,765 963 654 19 3 63 224 6,665 6,196 87 137
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 41
Table 11. Births, by Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States, each state and
territory, 2015—Con.
[By place of residence]
Area All origins
Origin of mother
Hispanic Non-Hispanic
Not
statedTotal Mexican
Puerto
Rican Cuban
Central
and
South
American
Other and
unknown
Hispanic Total
1
White Black
Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,157 29,464 50 28,548 25 166 675 1,625 1,454 134 68
Virgin Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,325 237 2 14 1 4 216 1,066 104 946 22
Guam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,366 31 11 5 1 5 9 3,306 197 34 29
American Samoa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,078 --- --- --- --- --- --- – – – 1,078
Northern Marianas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 – – – – – – 422 3 – 5
--- Data not available.
– Quantity zero.
1
Includes races other than white and black.
2
Excludes data for the territories.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. In this table, Hispanic women are
classified only by place of origin; non-Hispanic women are classified by race; see Technical Notes.
42 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 12. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States, each state and territory, 2015
[By place of residence. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44; total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5; birth
rates by age are births per 1,000 women in specified age group estimated in each area. Populations estimated as of July 1]
Area
Birth
rate
Fertility
rate
Total
fertility
rate
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
1
45–49Total 15–17 18–19
United States
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 62.5 1,843.5 0.2 22.3 9.9 40.7 76.8 104.3 101.5 51.8 11.0 0.8
Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 62.2 1,833.5 0.3 30.1 13.5 55.8 98.2 112.5 84.8 34.6 5.9 0.3
Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3 77.0 2,172.0 * 29.3 9.8 63.8 106.1 123.2 108.7 55.1 11.1 *
Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 64.7 1,916.0 0.2 26.3 11.8 48.2 88.1 113.0 96.3 48.2 10.4 0.7
Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1 67.5 1,986.5 0.4 38.0 15.6 72.4 114.1 120.1 83.7 34.5 6.1 0.4
California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 60.8 1,785.5 0.2 19.0 8.5 34.6 63.7 89.4 104.8 63.2 15.4 1.4
Colorado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 60.2 1,748.0 0.2 19.3 8.4 35.9 68.3 94.0 100.9 54.8 11.3 0.8
Connecticut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 52.5 1,609.5 * 10.1 4.6 17.7 43.4 87.0 109.5 58.8 12.0 1.0
Delaware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8 61.8 1,812.5 * 18.1 8.2 31.5 74.4 99.2 106.9 52.9 9.7 0.8
District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2 52.8 1,483.5 * 25.6 18.2 30.5 51.4 46.4 75.9 72.7 21.8 2.5
Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 60.0 1,769.0 0.2 20.8 8.8 39.7 75.9 100.3 95.5 49.2 11.1 0.8
Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.9 62.0 1,854.5 0.3 25.6 11.4 47.4 88.8 106.5 93.2 46.0 9.8 0.7
Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.9 68.7 1,969.0 * 20.6 7.8 40.7 84.3 101.7 102.0 66.9 16.6 1.5
Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.8 71.8 2,134.0 * 22.5 8.5 44.9 108.4 134.9 104.7 45.9 9.5 0.7
Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 61.3 1,813.0 0.2 21.1 9.7 38.5 68.5 98.6 107.1 54.9 11.3 0.9
Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7 64.8 1,927.0 0.3 26.0 11.1 48.7 90.0 124.4 97.0 39.7 7.5 0.5
Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 67.1 2,006.0 * 18.6 7.7 33.5 74.7 142.9 110.8 45.9 7.5 0.7
Kansas
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.4 69.9 2,053.0 * 25.5 9.9 48.9 88.7 134.9 106.5 45.6 8.8 0.5
Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 65.7 1,951.0 0.4 32.4 13.3 61.9 104.7 121.1 88.0 36.6 6.6 0.4
Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.9 68.5 1,962.5 0.6 34.1 14.9 65.1 108.4 115.6 87.7 38.2 7.5 0.4
Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 54.3 1,640.5 * 15.4 5.3 29.8 69.9 100.7 92.8 42.0 6.8 0.5
Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 61.3 1,803.0 0.2 17.0 8.4 29.6 63.3 96.2 108.6 60.6 13.5 1.2
Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 52.0 1,551.0 0.1 9.4 4.4 15.3 36.8 72.5 110.5 66.3 13.6 1.0
Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 60.3 1,808.5 0.2 19.4 7.8 36.8 73.0 112.9 102.9 44.5 8.2 0.6
Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7 66.3 1,934.0 0.1 13.7 5.7 25.7 60.3 121.2 123.2 56.8 10.6 0.9
Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.8 64.0 1,876.0 0.7 34.8 16.1 62.8 110.9 115.3 76.3 31.6 5.3 0.3
Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 63.8 1,863.5 0.2 25.0 10.3 47.6 87.4 115.1 96.3 41.2 7.1 0.4
Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 67.3 1,957.5 * 25.3 9.9 48.2 81.2 123.6 104.8 46.4 9.4 *
Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1 72.8 2,151.5 * 22.0 10.0 39.1 78.6 146.6 118.9 53.2 10.3 0.6
Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 63.3 1,857.5 * 27.6 11.6 56.0 91.5 100.0 91.2 49.1 11.0 0.9
New Hampshire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 51.3 1,590.5 * 10.9 4.2 19.5 44.3 97.9 106.4 49.3 8.7 0.5
New Jersey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5 60.0 1,800.5 0.1 12.1 5.3 23.3 52.5 94.1 119.4 66.2 14.7 1.0
New Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 65.3 1,901.5 0.3 34.6 17.1 61.4 100.0 111.5 83.9 41.2 8.3 0.5
New York . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0 58.8 1,710.0 0.2 14.6 6.8 25.4 56.8 84.4 103.6 65.0 16.0 1.4
North Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0 60.7 1,816.0 0.3 23.6 10.9 42.1 84.4 104.8 95.8 45.1 8.6
0.6
North Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.9 76.4 2,158.0 * 22.2 10.0 36.6 75.9 153.1 121.1 49.9 9.0 *
Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0 63.1 1,872.0 0.3 23.2 10.1 43.4 85.5 112.3 101.3 43.6 7.7 0.5
Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.6 69.1 2,002.5 0.3 34.8 15.9 64.2 107.0 123.5 89.5 37.6 7.3 0.5
Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 58.1 1,696.5 * 19.0 7.9 36.1 67.6 97.2 94.0 49.9 10.7 0.8
Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0 58.7 1,739.5 0.2 17.7 8.2 30.3 66.8 98.0 104.9 50.4 9.2 0.7
Rhode Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 52.5 1,578.5 * 14.3 7.5 21.4 49.5 80.5 104.3 55.4 10.7 0.6
South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 61.1 1,796.5 0.4 26.2 11.4 47.8 88.0 104.6 90.3 41.6 7.7 0.5
South Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 78.2 2,272.5 * 26.4 9.7 50.2 93.2 156.9 122.2 45.8 9.0 *
Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 62.8 1,853.0 0.3 30.5 12.6 58.8 95.5 110.2 88.2 38.2
7.3 0.4
Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 70.2 2,075.0 0.5 34.6 16.7 63.0 100.3 116.6 101.8 49.6 10.8 0.8
Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.9 78.0 2,290.0 * 17.6 6.9 34.5 86.4 162.3 124.0 55.5 11.3 0.8
Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4 51.1 1,581.0 * 11.6 3.9 19.8 46.8 98.7 97.8 53.1 7.5 *
Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 61.3 1,803.0 0.2 17.1 6.9 31.3 68.3 100.1 106.0 56.1 11.9 0.9
Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 62.8 1,816.0 0.1 17.6 7.3 33.9 69.0 101.6 105.6 56.2 12.2 0.9
West Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 59.4 1,783.0 * 31.9 12.3 61.6 100.6 111.4 76.1 30.5 5.7 *
Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 61.8 1,846.0 0.2 16.2 6.4 30.4 64.0 122.2 109.9 47.7 8.5 0.5
Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 70.2 2,010.0 * 29.2 9.7 59.2 104.0 124.2 94.2 41.4 7.9 *
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 43
Table 12. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States, each state and territory, 2015—Con.
[By place of residence. Fertility rates are births per 1,000 women aged 15–44; total fertility rates are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5; birth
rates by age are births per 1,000 women in specified age group estimated in each area. Populations estimated as of July 1]
Area
Birth
rate
Fertility
rate
Total
fertility
rate
Age of mother
10–14
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44
1
45–49Total 15–17 18–19
Puerto Rico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 44.8 1,336.5 0.4 33.9 18.1 57.0 85.8 72.0 47.4 22.9 4.7 0.2
Virgin Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.8 69.6 2,217.5 * 39.1 14.7 79.5 118.6 137.3 92.9 40.7 13.7 *
Guam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.8 98.0 2,928.0 * 38.3 16.9 71.6 138.6 161.7 145.7 81.9 17.7 *
American Samoa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.8 86.3 2,546.5 * 46.9 25.8 71.4 102.9 139.8 116.9 77.2 24.6 *
Northern Marianas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 33.0 1,075.0 * 36.9 * 62.9 87.8 54.1 18.8 13.8 * *
* Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; birth rates based on fewer than 20 births.
1
Birth rates computed by relating births to women aged 45 and over to women aged 45–49; see Technical Notes.
2
Excludes data for the territories
NOTE: Population data for computing birth rates were provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. Rates by state may differ from rates computed on the basis of other population estimates.
44 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 13. Selected demographic characteristics of births, by race of mother: United States, 2015
[Birth rates are births per 1,000 population. Fertility rates are computed by relating total births, regardless of age of mother, to women aged 15–44. Total fertility rates
are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Populations estimated as of July 1. Mean age at first birth is the arithmetic average of the age of mothers
at the time of birth, computed directly from the frequency of first births by age of mother]
Characteristic All races White Black
American Indian
or Alaska Native
Asian or Pacific
Islander
Number
Births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 3,012,855 640,079 44,299 281,264
Rate
Birth rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 12.0 14.3 9.7 14.0
Fertility rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 63.1 64.0 43.9 58.5
Total fertility rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,843.5 1,864.0 1,852.5 1,262.5 1,646.0
Sex ratio
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,048 1,050 1,033 1,052 1,062
All births
Percent
Births to mothers under age 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 5.6 8.7 10.8 1.5
4th and higher-order births
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 12.0 16.3 21.7 6.7
Births to unmarried mothers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.3 35.8 70.1 65.8 16.4
Mothers born in the 50 states or District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 81.0 82.6 94.6 23.3
Mean
Age of mother at first birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 26.5 24.4 23.2 29.6
1
Male births per 1,000 female births.
2
Based on live-birth order.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. In this table, all women, including
Hispanic women, are classified only according to their race; see Technical Notes.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 45
Table 14. Selected demographic characteristics of births, by Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic
origin: United States, 2015
[Birth rates are births per 1,000 population. Fertility rates are computed by relating total births, regardless of age of mother, to women aged 15–44. Total fertility rates
are sums of birth rates for 5-year age groups multiplied by 5. Populations estimated as of July 1. Mean age at first birth is the arithmetic average of the age of mothers
at the time of birth, computed directly from the frequency of first births by age of mother]
Characteristic All origins
1
Hispanic Non-Hispanic
Total Mexican
Puerto
Rican Cuban
Central
and South
American
Other and
unknown
Hispanic Total
2
White Black
Number
Births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 924,048 546,169 70,987 21,107 142,249 143,536 3,021,999 2,130,279 589,047
Rate
Birth rate
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 16.3 --- --- --- (
3
) --- 11.5 10.7 14.2
Fertility rate
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 71.7 --- --- --- (
3
) --- 60.2 59.3 64.1
Total fertility rate
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,843.5 2,123.5 --- --- --- (
3
) --- 1,769.5 1,746.0 1,857.0
Sex ratio
4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,048 1,042 1,040 1,051 1,049 1,042 1,041 1,050 1,053 1,033
All births Percent
Births to mothers under age 20 . . . 5.8 8.8 9.3 9.8 3.7 5.9 10.0 5.0 4.3 8.6
4th and higher-order births
5
. . . . . . 12.4 16.1 18.3 12.9 5.6 13.9 13.3 11.2 10.2 16.5
Births to unmarried mothers . . . . . . 40.3 53.0 51.5 64.2 50.7 51.0 55.1 36.4 29.2 70.5
Mothers born in the 50 states or
District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 50.8 51.4 74.8 47.4 17.0 70.7 85.5 93.4 84.7
Mean
Age of mother at first birth . . . . . . . . 26.4 24.5 24.0 24.3 27.1 26.5 24.3 26.9 27.2 24.4
--- Data not available.
1
Includes origin not stated.
2
Includes races other than white and black.
3
Rates for the Central and South American population include other and unknown Hispanic.
4
Male births per 1,000 female births.
5
Based on live-birth order.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Persons of Hispanic origin may
be of any race. In this table, Hispanic women are classified only by place of origin; non-Hispanic women are classified by race; see Technical Notes.
46 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 15. Births and birth rates for unmarried women, by age and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015
[Population estimated as of July 1; see Technical Notes]
Measure and age of mother All races
1
White Black
American
Indian or
Alaska Native
2
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
2
Hispanic
3
Total
2
Non-Hispanic Total
2
Non-Hispanic
Number
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,601,527 1,077,618 621,314 448,531 415,554 29,130 46,248 489,358
Under 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,489 1,501 578 898 845 53 37 979
15–19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204,043 143,134 77,222 53,130 48,739 4,417 3,362 70,813
15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,497 4,962 2,101 2,250 2,076 167 118 3,062
16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,791 12,260 5,575 4,854 4,464 415 262 7,119
17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,259 23,416 11,537 8,540 7,737 791 512 12,778
18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,032 40,449 22,015 14,425 13,261 1,201 957 19,751
19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,464 62,047 35,994 23,061 21,201 1,843 1,513 28,103
20–24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560,639 372,317 224,094 166,405 155,047 10,258 11,659 160,158
25–29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435,339 289,467 171,977 124,527 115,662 7,868 13,477 126,195
30–34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252,397 170,365 94,806 67,187 61,977 4,270 10,575 80,447
35–39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,670 79,928 41,812 29,448 26,962 1,873 5,421 40,283
40 and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,950 20,906 10,825 6,936 6,322 391 1,717 10,483
Rate per 1,000 unmarried women in specified group
4
15–44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.4 40.4 31.6 59.6 --- --- 20.4 67.4
15–19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.2 18.8 13.9 31.5 --- --- 5.5 31.6
15–17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 8.8 5.7 15.4 --- --- 2.5 16.6
18–19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.5 34.3 26.3 55.8 --- --- 9.7 55.7
20–24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.7 54.6 43.3 94.2 --- --- 17.9 87.9
25–29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.9 63.3 48.8 91.9 --- --- 28.8 109.1
30–34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.3 59.8 44.4 63.9 --- --- 47.3 101.4
35–39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 34.8 24.8 32.6 --- --- 33.6 60.3
5
40–44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 8.2 6.8 9.1 --- --- 11.2 18.1
Percent of births to unmarried women
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.3 35.8 29.2 70.1 70.6 65.8 16.4 53.0
Under 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.6 99.3 99.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.3
15–19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.8 86.3 85.0 97.1 97.4 93.2 78.2 88.1
15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.8 98.4 98.4 99.8 99.9 99.4 95.9 98.5
16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.5 95.5 95.2 99.4 99.5 98.8 92.3 95.8
17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.6 93.2 92.9 99.0 99.2 96.1 88.0 93.7
18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.8 87.4 86.6 97.5 97.9 93.3 82.2 88.8
19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.2 81.0 80.0 95.3 95.9 90.3 70.6 82.8
20–24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 60.0 56.1 87.6 88.3 76.2 44.5 67.8
25–29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.8 32.7 26.8 69.1 69.7 61.3 18.4 49.3
30–34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1 20.0 14.7 51.4 51.7 50.2 10.0 38.4
35–39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1 20.0 14.4 44.3 44.3 49.0 9.4 36.0
40 and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.8 23.7 18.1 40.3 39.9 44.5 11.9 36.6
--- Data not available.
1
Includes origin not stated.
2
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Data for persons of Hispanic
origin are included in the data for each race group according to the mother’s reported race; see Technical Notes. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for
2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes.
3
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
4
Birth rates computed by relating total births to unmarried mothers, regardless of age of mother, to unmarried women aged 15–44; see Technical Notes.
5
Birth rates computed by relating births to unmarried women aged 40 and over to unmarried women aged 40–44.
NOTES: For 49 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City, marital status is reported in the birth registration process; for New York, mother’s marital status is inferred; see reference
12. Rates cannot be computed for unmarried non-Hispanic black women or for American Indian or Alaska Native women because the neccessary populations are not available.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 47
Table 16. Birth rates for unmarried women, by age of mother: United States, 1970, 1975, and 1980–2015, and by age and race
and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015
[Rates are births to unmarried women per 1,000 unmarried women. Populations estimated as of July 1 for all years]
Year and race and
Hispanic origin
Age of mother
1
15–44
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39
2
40–44 Total 15–17 18–19
All races
3
4
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.4 20.2 9.6 36.5 59.7 66.9 60.3 34.1 9.0
4
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.9 22.0 10.6 39.4 61.6 67.6 58.1 33.4 8.5
4
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.3 24.0 11.9 42.1 63.1 66.7 56.6 31.8 8.3
4
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.3 26.7 13.7 45.8 64.7 67.2 56.3 30.9 8.5
4
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.0 28.4 14.9 48.2 66.7 67.8 56.2 29.9 8.2
4
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.5 31.1 16.8 52.0 70.0 69.2 56.3 29.6 8.0
4
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.9 34.0 18.8 56.3 74.4 73.0 57.1 29.7 7.8
4
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.8 35.9 20.1 59.7 78.1 75.7 58.8 30.2 7.5
4
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.8 36.5 20.4 61.9 79.8 76.9 58.0 28.7 6.8
4
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.3 35.5 20.1 60.3 79.1 75.4 55.3 26.8 6.5
4
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.2 33.9 19.4 57.0 74.5 71.5 50.4 24.5 6.2
4
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.0 34.2 19.9 56.6 72.3 69.1 47.3 23.5 6.0
4
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.7 34.3 20.1 56.6 71.0 66.2 44.2 22.3 5.8
4
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.6 35.1 20.7 58.1 70.0 62.0 41.3 20.9 5.4
4
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 36.8 21.8 60.2 70.8 59.6 40.3 20.4 5.3
4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 39.0 23.9 62.2 72.2 58.5 39.3 19.7 5.0
4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.3 39.7 25.0 62.3 70.8 56.9 38.1 19.0 4.6
4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.3 40.9 26.5 63.6 70.4 55.4 38.1 18.7 4.6
4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.9 41.4 27.7 63.9 68.9 53.4 37.9 18.7 4.6
4
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.8 42.2 28.5 64.9 68.9 54.5 40.2 19.9 4.8
4
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.3 43.8 30.1 66.5 68.7 54.3 38.9 19.3 4.7
4
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.2 45.8 31.7 69.1 70.9 57.4 39.6 19.7 4.7
4
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.8 44.0 30.3 66.2 68.5 55.9 38.0 18.9 4.4
4
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.9 44.2 30.2 66.7 67.9 55.6 37.6 18.8 4.1
4
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.0 44.6 30.8 65.4 67.8 56.0 37.9 17.9 3.8
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.8 42.5 29.6 60.7 65.1 56.0 37.6 17.3 3.6
4
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.6 40.1 28.7 56.0 61.2 52.8 34.9 16.0 3.4
4
1988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.5 36.4 26.4 51.5 56.0 48.5 32.0 15.0 3.2
4
1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0 33.8 24.5 48.9 52.6 44.5 29.6 13.5 2.9
4
1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 32.3 22.8 48.0 49.3 42.2 27.2 12.2 2.7
4
1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.8 31.4 22.4 45.9 46.5 39.9 25.2 11.6 2.5
4,5
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.0 30.0 21.9 42.5 43.0 37.1 23.3 10.9 2.5
4,5
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.3 29.5 22.0 40.7 41.8 35.5 22.4 10.2 2.6
4,5
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.0 28.7 21.5 39.6 41.5 35.1 21.9 10.0 2.7
4,5
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.5 27.9 20.9 39.0 41.1 34.5 20.8 9.8 2.6
4,5
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.4 27.6 20.6 39.0 40.9 34.0 21.1 9.7 2.6
5,6
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.4 27.5 20.7 38.7 39.7 31.4 18.5 8.4 2.3
5,6
1975 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.5 23.9 19.3 32.5 31.2 27.5 17.9 9.1 2.6
6,7
1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 22.4 17.1 32.9 38.4 37.0 27.1 13.6 3.5
White total
4
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.4 18.8 8.8 34.3 54.6 63.3 59.8 34.8 8.2
4
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.6 20.3 9.7 36.4 55.9 63.5 57.7 34.0 7.6
4
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.8 21.9 10.8 38.6 56.9 62.5 56.2 32.3 7.7
4
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.1 24.1 12.4 41.4 58.3 63.2 56.3 31.5 8.5
4
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.7 25.5 13.4 43.4 60.1 63.8 56.2 30.6 8.3
4
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.5 27.9 15.1 46.9 63.4 65.8 56.8 30.7 8.1
4
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.6 30.4 16.7 50.5 67.3 69.7 57.7 30.6 7.8
4
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 31.9 17.8 53.3 70.9 73.1 60.0 31.1 7.3
4
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.3 32.3 17.9 55.1 72.6 74.3 59.5 29.1 6.5
4
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.4 31.1 17.3 53.3 71.7 72.4 55.5 26.6 6.3
4
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.2 29.7 16.7 50.3 67.0 67.7 49.8 23.9 5.9
4
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.8 29.9 17.0 49.9 64.5 65.0 46.2 22.8 5.6
4
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.5 29.9 17.1 50.0 63.2 61.7 42.3 21.3 5.5
4
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.0 30.3 17.5 50.8 61.6 57.5 38.8 19.5 5.1
4
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.4 31.2 18.1 51.9 61.5 54.9 37.2 18.6 4.9
4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.2 32.7 19.7 53.1 61.7 52.9 35.9 17.9 4.5
4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.4 33.2 20.6 52.9 60.2 50.8 34.9 17.4 4.1
See footnotes at end of table.
48 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 16. Birth rates for unmarried women, by age of mother: United States, 1970, 1975, and 1980–2015, and by age and race
and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015—Con.
[Rates are births to unmarried women per 1,000 unmarried women. Populations estimated as of July 1 for all years]
Year and race and
Hispanic origin
Age of mother
1
15–44
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39
2
40–44 Total 15–17 18–19
White total—Con.
4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.9 33.6 21.5 53.1 59.5 48.6 34.1 16.9 4.1
4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.3 33.6 22.0 52.9 57.9 47.0 33.6 16.6 3.9
4
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.0 34.0 22.3 53.5 57.9 48.1 35.4 17.7 4.3
4
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.0 35.0 23.3 54.7 57.2 47.4 33.7 16.8 4.2
4
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.8 35.8 23.9 55.8 57.5 48.6 33.8 17.2 4.3
4
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.6 33.3 21.9 52.0 53.8 46.0 31.9 16.3 3.9
4
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.0 32.7 21.4 51.2 52.4 44.8 31.3 16.1 3.6
4
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 32.7 21.7 49.4 51.4 44.3 30.9 15.2 3.2
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.9 30.6 20.4 44.9 48.2 43.0 29.9 14.5 3.2
4
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.2 28.0 19.3 40.2 43.8 39.1 26.8 13.1 2.9
4
1988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.4 25.3 17.6 36.8 39.2 35.4 24.2 12.1 2.7
4
1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3 23.2 16.2 34.5 36.6 32.0 22.3 10.7 2.4
4
1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.9 21.8 14.9 33.5 34.2 30.5 20.1 9.7 2.2
4
1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.5 20.8 14.5 31.2 31.7 28.5 18.4 9.0 2.0
4,5
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 19.3 13.7 27.9 28.5 25.5 16.8 8.4 2.0
4,5
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.8 18.7 13.6 26.4 27.1 23.8 15.9 7.8 2.0
4,5
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.3 18.0 13.1 25.3 26.5 23.1 15.3 7.4 2.1
4,5
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.6 17.2 12.6 24.6 25.8 22.3 14.2 7.2 1.9
4,5
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.1 16.5 12.0 24.1 25.1 21.5 14.1 7.1 1.8
Non-Hispanic white
4
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.6 13.9 5.7 26.3 43.3 48.8 44.4 24.8 6.8
4
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.8 15.0 6.3 28.1 44.4 49.1 43.1 24.2 6.5
4
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.7 16.2 7.0 29.8 45.6 47.6 40.9 22.6 6.1
4
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.1 17.8 8.0 32.1 46.6 47.8 40.2 21.8 6.1
4
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.3 18.8 8.6 33.6 47.8 47.8 39.2 20.7 6.0
4
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.9 20.3 9.5 36.0 49.5 48.0 38.7 20.2 5.8
4
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.6 21.8 10.4 38.1 51.4 49.3 37.9 20.0 5.5
4
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 22.5 10.8 39.7 52.9 50.8 38.4 20.4 5.2
4
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 22.6 10.9 40.7 53.4 50.7 37.2 19.2 4.6
4
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.4 21.6 10.7 38.9 52.6 49.1 35.1 17.9 4.5
4
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.4 20.9 10.3 37.4 49.9 46.0 31.7 16.2 4.3
4
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.6 21.3 10.7 37.4 48.6 44.2 30.0 15.7 4.2
4
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.8 21.5 11.0 37.8 47.6 41.5 28.0 14.8 4.1
4
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 22.1 11.4 38.8 46.3 38.9 26.2 13.6 3.7
4
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.8 23.1 12.1 40.3 46.4 37.8 25.4 13.2 3.6
4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.0 24.7 13.6 42.1 47.0 36.9 24.8 12.9 3.3
4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 25.6 14.6 42.7 46.3 36.2 24.8 13.0 3.1
4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 26.2 15.5 43.1 46.3 35.4 25.0 13.1 3.1
4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.5 26.4 16.2 43.3 44.8 34.4 24.9 12.7 2.9
4
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.2 27.0 16.9 43.9 44.5 35.0 26.4 13.8 3.3
4
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.1 27.7 17.6 44.6 43.9 34.4 25.1 12.9 3.2
4
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.4 28.1 17.9 45.0 43.8 34.7 24.6 12.8 3.1
4
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
4
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
4
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
4,8
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.4 25.0 16.2 37.0 36.4 30.3 20.5 6.1 ---
Black total
4
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 31.5 15.4 55.8 94.2 91.9 63.9 32.6 9.1
4
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.5 34.4 16.7 60.9 97.4 93.3 67.0 32.0 8.8
4
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.7 38.5 19.0 66.2 100.7 92.3 60.6 31.1 8.4
4
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 43.4 22.0 73.2 103.5 91.2 59.6 29.7 8.1
4
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.7 46.7 24.7 77.4 106.9 92.4 59.1 28.9 7.8
4
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.3 50.8 27.6 83.6 112.6 92.5 58.6 27.8 7.8
4
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.7 55.9 31.1 91.3 119.5 95.6 60.3 28.4 7.6
4
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.0 59.7 33.9 98.4 124.0 97.0 61.1 28.5 7.6
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 49
Table 16. Birth rates for unmarried women, by age of mother: United States, 1970, 1975, and 1980–2015, and by age and race
and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015—Con.
[Rates are births to unmarried women per 1,000 unmarried women. Populations estimated as of July 1 for all years]
Year and race and
Hispanic origin
Age of mother
1
15–44
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39
2
40–44 Total 15–17 18–19
Black total—Con.
4
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.4 61.3 34.8 103.6 125.3 99.1 59.9 28.0 7.4
4
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.7 61.1 35.4 103.3 125.5 98.0 58.4 27.3 7.2
4
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.2 58.7 34.4 97.9 120.4 94.7 53.9 25.9 7.1
4
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.8 60.1 36.1 98.0 119.6 92.5 52.0 25.7 6.8
4
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 61.0 37.4 98.0 117.8 91.3 51.2 25.2 6.5
4
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.1 64.0 39.4 102.8 119.0 86.3 50.2 24.9 6.3
4
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.0 69.4 43.5 109.1 122.5 84.4 51.2 25.4 6.3
4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.5 75.0 48.3 115.0 129.0 85.9 50.2 25.4 6.3
4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.7 76.5 50.0 115.8 126.8 85.5 49.0 24.2 5.8
4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.6 81.5 55.0 121.5 127.8 86.5 50.5 24.3 6.0
4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.5 84.5 59.0 124.8 124.2 81.4 51.0 24.3 6.5
4
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.8 87.5 62.6 127.2 122.6 81.2 53.4 25.2 6.1
4
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.5 91.2 67.4 129.2 124.6 82.3 53.3 25.3 6.0
4
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.8 99.3 73.9 139.6 135.2 91.3 56.5 26.0 5.9
4
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.0 101.2 75.9 140.0 139.9 92.8 56.7 25.7 5.8
4
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.7 104.8 77.2 146.4 142.6 96.8 57.3 25.6 5.4
4
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.0 107.8 79.9 147.7 146.4 100.0 59.8 25.5 5.4
4
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.5 106.0 78.8 143.7 144.8 105.3 61.5 25.5 5.1
4
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.7 104.5 78.9 140.9 142.4 102.9 60.5 24.9 5.0
4
1988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.5 96.1 73.5 130.5 133.6 97.2 57.4 24.1 5.0
4
1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 90.9 69.9 123.0 126.1 91.6 53.1 22.4 4.7
4
1986 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.0 88.5 67.0 121.1 118.0 84.6 50.0 20.6 4.4
4
1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.0 87.6 66.8 117.9 113.1 79.3 47.5 20.4 4.3
4,5
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.2 86.1 66.5 113.6 107.9 77.8 43.8 19.4 4.3
4,5
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.2 85.5 66.8 111.9 107.2 79.7 43.8 19.4 4.8
4,5
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.9 85.1 66.3 112.7 109.3 82.7 44.1 19.5 5.2
4,5
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.4 85.0 65.9 114.2 110.7 83.1 45.5 19.6 5.6
4,5
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.1 87.9 68.8 118.2 112.3 81.4 46.7 19.0 5.5
Asian or Pacific Islander total
4
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.4 5.5 2.5 9.7 17.9 28.8 47.3 33.6 11.2
4
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.7 6.2 3.0 10.6 19.4 31.4 47.0 36.0 12.6
4
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.8 7.2 3.5 12.6 20.7 31.5 44.1 31.5 12.6
4
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.9 8.1 3.9 14.2 22.0 35.2 43.6 30.1 12.1
4
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.4 8.6 4.4 14.8 22.3 35.1 42.3 27.0 9.9
4
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.3 9.2 4.8 15.4 23.2 35.0 40.0 26.6 9.9
4
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.6 10.6 5.9 17.1 25.3 36.2 39.2 27.3 9.9
4
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.9 11.4 6.3 18.4 26.4 33.5 37.9 30.3 10.8
4
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.9 11.9 6.7 19.2 27.1 32.3 36.9 28.8 9.9
4
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.4 12.0 7.3 18.9 26.8 30.5 37.6 29.7 9.4
4
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.8 11.9 6.8 19.3 25.8 31.4 36.8 24.6 9.3
4
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1 12.3 7.3 19.4 24.8 30.7 35.8 20.7 8.6
4
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.1 12.3 7.1 19.6 24.2 29.0 31.8 19.8 7.9
4
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 13.0 7.3 21.0 24.4 26.7 29.4 19.1 6.9
4
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.5 14.2 8.5 22.4 23.9 25.7 28.7 19.5 6.3
4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.9 15.2 9.6 23.2 24.2 25.4 29.7 18.4 6.9
Hispanic
9
4
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.4 31.6 16.6 55.7 87.9 109.1 101.4 60.3 18.1
4
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.5 34.4 18.6 59.5 92.3 111.2 97.3 58.2 16.8
4
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.9 37.6 21.1 63.0 93.1 112.0 100.1 56.8 16.8
4
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.6 41.8 24.5 68.5 96.5 113.2 103.9 57.6 16.5
4
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.1 44.7 27.0 71.7 100.6 116.2 106.0 58.0 16.2
4
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.6 50.0 30.8 79.8 110.5 123.9 105.8 61.7 16.3
4
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.4 56.7 35.3 90.9 125.4 139.4 112.4 63.7 17.1
4
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.3 62.4 39.4 101.1 141.0 151.1 121.6 66.9 16.2
4
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.1 65.4 40.6 109.2 153.8 161.1 127.0 64.9 14.9
See footnotes at end of table.
50 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 16. Birth rates for unmarried women, by age of mother: United States, 1970, 1975, and 1980–2015, and by age and race
and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015—Con.
[Rates are births to unmarried women per 1,000 unmarried women. Populations estimated as of July 1 for all years]
Year and race and
Hispanic origin
Age of mother
1
15–44
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39
2
40–44 Total 15–17 18–19
Hispanic
9
—Con.
4
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.5 65.9 40.5 110.2 155.1 160.7 122.9 61.3 14.8
4
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.2 63.7 40.3 103.9 142.5 151.2 116.7 58.1 14.1
4
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.7 64.2 41.2 102.9 133.4 142.5 108.8 56.0 13.7
4
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.9 63.5 41.1 101.2 130.2 135.6 98.7 54.0 13.2
4
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.0 63.9 41.9 100.7 127.2 125.1 91.0 52.4 12.8
4
2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.8 65.5 43.4 101.1 129.8 121.0 91.4 49.6 12.2
4
2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.2 68.5 47.0 102.2 130.5 121.6 89.4 46.1 12.2
4
1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.9 68.6 48.7 99.9 126.1 119.6 84.2 42.4 11.2
4
1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.8 69.3 49.8 101.2 120.6 115.9 78.2 38.8 12.0
4
1997 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.2 69.2 50.7 100.6 122.8 114.8 78.8 40.5 12.1
4
1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.2 69.3 49.7 102.3 131.6 122.0 84.6 41.2 12.3
4
1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.8 73.2 52.8 108.6 135.8 122.3 84.1 42.2 12.1
4
1994 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.8 77.7 55.7 115.4 144.5 131.7 91.2 47.4 13.9
4
1993 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.4 71.1 49.6 108.8 134.3 130.4 87.8 47.1 14.1
4
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.8 70.3 49.2 106.6 138.2 133.4 89.9 47.8 14.6
4
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.5 71.0 49.5 107.5 134.2 135.1 88.2 47.6 14.1
4,8
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.6 65.9 45.9 98.9 129.8 131.7 88.1 50.8 13.7
--- Data not available.
1
Rates computed by relating total births to unmarried mothers, regardless of age of mother, to unmarried women aged 15–44.
2
Beginning in 1997, birth rates computed by relating births to unmarried women aged 40 and over to unmarried women aged 40–44; see Technical Notes.
3
Includes races other than white, black, and Asian or Pacific Islander.
4
Data for states in which marital status was not reported have been inferred and included with data from the remaining states; see Technical Notes.
5
Based on 100% of births in selected states and on a 50% sample of births in all other states; see reference 12.
6
Births to unmarried women are estimated for the United States from data for registration areas in which marital status of mother was reported; see reference 52.
7
Based on a 50% sample of births.
8
Rates based on data for 48 states and the District of Columbia, which reported Hispanic origin on the birth certificate. Rates for age group 35–39 are based on births to unmarried women
aged 35–44.
9
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management
and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see
Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes. Rates cannot be computed for unmarried non-Hispanic black women or for American Indian or Alaska
Native women because the necessary populations are not available.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 51
Table 17. Birth rates, by age and race of father: United States, 1980–2015
[Rates are births per 1,000 men in specified group. Populations based on counts enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other
years. Missing values for age of father not stated have been distributed]
Year and race of father
1
15–54
Age of father
2
15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55 and over
All races
3
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.1 10.4 51.6 87.4 103.8 69.1 28.6 9.6 2.9 0.4
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.3 11.3 53.9 89.7 103.9 68.8 27.9 9.3 2.8 0.4
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.8 12.3 55.7 90.6 101.8 66.6 27.0 8.8 2.7 0.3
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.1 13.8 58.3 92.5 102.0 65.9 26.8 8.6 2.6 0.3
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.1 14.7 60.5 94.4 102.2 64.6 26.4 8.3 2.6 0.3
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.8 16.1 64.6 97.1 103.6 63.4 25.9 8.2 2.6 0.3
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.3 17.7 69.5 101.5 105.5 63.8 25.9 8.2 2.6 0.3
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.8 18.4 73.2 106.4 108.3 64.8 25.8 8.3 2.6 0.3
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.8 18.2 75.6 110.4 110.3 65.6 25.7 8.2 2.6 0.3
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.4 17.3 75.3 111.4 108.6 65.2 25.3 8.1 2.6 0.2
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 16.4 72.7 109.4 105.9 63.4 24.5 7.9 2.5 0.2
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 16.6 73.4 108.9 104.7 62.5 24.1 7.7 2.4 0.3
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 16.6 74.7 109.1 104.0 60.9 23.6 7.6 2.5 0.3
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.7 17.2 75.7 107.1 100.7 58.3 22.7 7.4 2.4 0.3
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.9 18.3 78.3 106.7 99.9 57.1 22.3 7.3 2.4 0.3
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.0 19.8 82.1 106.5 99.5 56.3 22.2 7.3 2.5 0.3
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.2 20.6 81.1 105.3 95.9 53.9 21.1 7.0 2.4 0.3
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.6 21.3 82.3 104.4 94.4 53.1 21.0 7.1 2.5 0.3
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.4 21.9 82.1 102.6 92.0 51.5 20.7 7.0 2.5 0.3
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.2 22.7 83.4 102.8 91.3 51.1 20.5 6.9 2.5 0.3
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.0 23.9 83.9 103.2 90.7 50.4 20.3 7.0 2.5 0.3
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.4
24.6 85.6 105.3 91.1 50.5 20.3 7.2 2.6 0.3
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.7 24.4 86.0 108.1 91.7 50.7 20.2 7.3 2.7 0.4
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.3 24.4 87.1 111.1 93.0 51.1 20.4 7.3 2.7 0.4
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.8 24.7 87.9 113.5 94.3 51.6 20.2 7.4 2.7 0.4
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.4 23.5 88.0 116.4 97.8 53.0 21.0 7.5 2.8 0.4
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.2 21.9 85.4 114.3 94.8 51.3 20.4 7.4 2.7 0.6
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 19.6 82.4 111.6 93.2 49.9 19.9 7.1 2.7 0.4
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 18.3 80.5 109.9 91.2 48.6 19.0 6.9 2.6 0.4
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.8 17.9 80.3 109.6 90.3 46.8 18.3 6.7 2.6 0.4
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.6 18.0 81.2 112.3 91.1 47.3 18.1 6.6 2.5 0.4
4
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 17.8 80.7 111.4 89.9 46.0 17.8 6.3 2.4 0.4
4
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 18.2 82.6 113.0 89.1 45.2 17.4 6.4 2.3 0.4
4
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.4 18.6 86.5 117.3 90.3 44.5 17.5 6.4 2.3 0.4
4
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.3 18.4 88.4 119.1 88.7 43.3 17.0 6.2 2.3 0.4
4
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.0 18.8 92.0 123.1 91.0 42.8 17.1 6.1 2.2 0.3
White
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.4 9.4 48.2 87.9 104.8 67.1 26.1 8.1 2.3 0.2
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.4 10.1 50.1 89.8 104.4 66.5 25.3 7.9 2.2 0.2
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.8 10.9 51.3 90.4 102.5 64.6 24.6 7.4 2.1 0.2
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.0 12.1 53.7 92.3 102.5 63.4 24.4 7.3 2.1 0.2
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 12.8 55.5 94.5 103.0 62.5 24.3 7.1 2.0 0.2
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.8 13.9 59.6 97.5 104.6 61.3 24.0 7.1 2.0 0.2
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.3 15.2 64.3 102.0 106.2 61.7 24.0 7.1 2.1 0.3
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.7 15.7 68.1 107.0 108.8 62.6 23.9 7.2 2.1 0.3
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.6 15.5 70.6 111.1 110.5 63.5 23.8 7.1 2.1 0.3
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.3 14.6 70.5 112.0 108.8 63.4 23.5 7.1 2.1 0.1
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.3 14.0 68.2 110.0 106.2 61.9 22.8 6.9 2.1 0.2
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.4 14.1 69.1 109.6 105.0 61.1 22.5 6.9 2.0 0.2
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.5 14.1 70.7 109.9 104.5 59.6 22.0 6.8 2.1 0.3
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.8 14.7 71.4 107.5 101.2 57.0 21.2 6.6 2.1 0.3
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.9 15.4 73.1 106.6 100.3 55.8 20.8 6.5 2.0 0.3
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.6 16.6 75.8 105.4 99.5 54.7 20.7 6.5 2.1 0.3
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.9 17.3 74.7 104.1 96.2 52.7 19.8 6.3 2.1 0.3
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.1 17.7 75.6 102.7 94.3 51.9 19.6 6.3 2.1 0.3
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.8
18.0 75.3 100.9 91.7 50.2 19.3 6.2 2.1 0.3
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.7 18.7 76.7 101.4 91.1 49.9 19.2 6.1 2.1 0.2
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 19.4 77.0 101.7 90.4 49.1 19.1 6.2 2.1 0.2
See footnotes at end of table.
52 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 17. Birth rates, by age and race of father: United States, 1980–2015—Con.
[Rates are births per 1,000 men in specified group. Populations based on counts enumerated as of April 1 for census years and estimated as of July 1 for all other
years. Missing values for age of father not stated have been distributed]
Year and race of father
1
15–54
Age of father
2
15–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55 and over
White—Con.
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 19.5 77.4 103.1 90.4 48.9 18.9 6.3 2.2 0.3
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.3 18.9 77.2 105.5 90.7 48.9 18.7 6.4 2.2 0.2
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.8 18.8 77.8 108.2 91.9 49.1 18.8 6.4 2.2 0.3
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 19.0 78.4 110.2 92.8 49.6 18.5 6.5 2.2 0.3
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 18.1 78.3 113.2 96.1 50.9 19.2 6.5 2.2 0.3
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.3 16.7 75.9 110.8 93.0 49.1 18.7 6.3 2.1 0.4
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 14.8 73.7 108.3 91.2 47.6 18.1 6.1 2.1 0.3
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.6 13.9 72.8 107.0 89.5 46.2 17.3 5.9 2.0 0.3
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.7 13.8 73.3 107.0 88.7 44.4 16.6 5.7 2.0 0.3
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.6 14.0 74.7 109.9 89.5 44.8 16.3 5.6 1.9 0.3
4
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.8 14.0 74.3 108.8 87.9 43.5 16.0 5.3 1.9 0.3
4
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.0 14.4 76.3 110.2 86.8 42.6 15.5 5.3 1.8 0.3
4
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.1 14.9 80.1 114.2 87.5 41.7 15.6 5.3 1.9 0.3
4
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.9 15.0 81.7 115.8 85.8 40.3 15.0 5.2 1.8 0.3
4
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.4 15.4 84.9 119.4 87.8 39.7 15.0 5.1 1.8 0.3
Black
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.2 17.5 80.2 105.3 100.6 72.2 38.2 16.3 6.5 1.1
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.8 19.1 84.4 108.4 101.0 71.2 37.0 15.9 6.1 1.1
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.0 21.5 88.7 111.5 99.3 69.2 36.1 15.5 6.0 1.0
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.2 24.6 93.8 112.7 98.0 68.2 35.1 14.6 5.7 1.0
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.7 26.6 99.4 114.6 98.3 66.7 34.5 14.2 5.7 1.0
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.6 29.0 107.0 117.0 98.9 65.7 33.9 13.8 5.8 1.0
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.9 32.2 114.4 122.3 102.1 66.0 33.3 13.9 5.5 1.0
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.8 33.9 118.5 128.1 105.1 67.7 33.2 13.9 5.4 1.0
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.0 33.8 120.8 132.6 107.7 67.9 32.9 13.6 5.5 1.0
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.8 32.9 119.8 135.1 107.1 67.5 32.4 13.7 5.3 0.6
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 31.1 114.7 131.5 102.8 64.2 31.2 13.3 5.0 0.7
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.7 31.8 113.9 129.0 100.2 62.0 30.2 12.5 4.8 0.7
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.2 31.8 114.4 127.7 97.6 60.1 29.3 12.3 4.7 0.9
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.2 32.8 117.3 126.4 95.1 58.0 28.4 11.9 4.7 0.9
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.3 36.2 124.9 127.6 96.1 57.1 28.2 11.8 4.6 1.0
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.2 39.6 135.5 131.0 95.2 56.9 28.4 11.7 5.0 1.0
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 41.0 133.8 129.6 91.6 54.3 26.5 11.2 4.9 1.0
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.8 42.8 137.0 130.3 90.9 54.0 26.7 11.6 5.0 1.0
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.7 45.1 136.3 126.3 88.8 52.6 26.1 11.4 5.2 1.0
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.2 46.7 137.6 123.9 87.0 51.8 25.7 11.3 5.3 1.1
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.1 49.9 139.2 123.9 87.7 52.0 25.7 11.9 5.4 1.1
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.0 54.1 149.1 129.6 91.4 53.8 26.4 12.8 5.8 1.1
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.6 56.2 152.7 134.2 94.0 56.3 27.7 13.4 6.3 1.3
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.4 57.0 157.1 138.6 95.8 56.7 28.4 13.7 6.1 1.4
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.0 57.8 158.5 142.0 99.2 58.5 29.4 14.1 6.7 1.4
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.9 55.2 158.2 144.9 103.2 60.4 31.1 15.0 7.1 1.4
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.1 52.9 153.4 143.5 101.4 59.9 31.1 14.9 6.9 2.7
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.7 48.1 144.1 137.9 100.0 58.0 30.6 14.3 6.9 1.4
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
78.3 44.6 136.1 133.9 97.4 58.0 30.0 13.8 6.6 1.3
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.2 42.6 131.4 131.6 97.4 58.0 29.1 13.5 6.7 1.3
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.2 41.8 129.5 132.7 97.3 59.4 29.5 13.3 6.5 1.2
4
1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.7 40.9 128.0 132.2 98.3 58.4 29.3 13.3 6.1 1.2
4
1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.2 40.7 129.1 134.4 99.0 59.6 29.6 13.5 6.0 1.2
4
1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.5 40.3 133.4 141.2 103.6 61.1 29.6 13.9 6.0 1.2
4
1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.4 38.9 138.4 145.6 104.3 61.3 29.7 13.3 5.7 1.2
4
1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.0 40.1 145.3 152.8 109.6 62.0 31.2 13.6 5.9 1.1
1
Rates computed by relating total births, regardless of age of father, to men aged 15–54.
2
Rates computed by relating births of fathers under age 20 to men aged 15–19.
3
Includes races other than white and black.
4
Based on 100% of births in selected states and on a 50% sample of births in all other states; see reference 12.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary
for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes. In this table, all men, including Hispanic men, are classified only according to their race; see Technical Notes. Age of father was not stated for 12.1% of
births in 2015. See reference 12 for information on the calculation of birth rates by age of father.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 53
Table 18. Selected medical and health characteristics of births, by race of mother: United States, 2015
Characteristic All races White Black
American Indian or
Alaska Native
Asian or Pacific
Islander
Mother Percent
Diabetes during pregancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 6.2 5.8 9.9 11.1
Weight gain of less than 11 lbs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 8.3 13.1 13.1 7.1
Weight gain of more than 40 lbs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.0 21.6 21.4 22.2 14.3
Induction of labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.8 24.5 22.9 24.2 18.5
CNM delivery
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 8.7 7.4 17.8 7.2
Cesarean delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.0 31.3 35.3 28.3 33.0
Infant
Gestational age:
Preterm
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 9.0 13.2 10.5 8.6
Early preterm
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 2.4 4.7 2.8 2.2
Late preterm
4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 6.6 8.4 7.7 6.4
Birthweight
5
:
Very low birthweight
6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 1.1 2.8 1.3 1.1
Low birthweight
7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 7.0 13.0 7.5 8.4
4,000 grams or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 9.0 4.6 10.1 4.8
Twin birth
8
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.5 32.8 38.7 25.1 29.9
Triplet or higher-order birth
9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.6 107.1 101.7 38.4 81.4
1
Births delivered by certified nurse midwives (CNMs).
2
Born before 37 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate; see Technical Notes.
3
Born before 34 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate; see Technical Notes.
4
Born between 34 and 36 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate; see Technical Notes.
5
Equivalents of gram weights in pounds are shown in Technical Notes.
6
Less than 1,500 grams.
7
Less than 2,500 grams.
8
Live births in twin deliveries per 1,000 live births.
9
Live births in triplet and other higher-order multiple deliveries per 100,000 live births.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. In this table, all women, including
Hispanic women, are classified only according to their race; see Technical Notes.
54 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 19. Selected medical or health characteristics of births, by Hispanic origin of mother and by race for mothers of
non-Hispanic origin: United States, 2015
Characteristic
All
origins
1
Origin of mother
Hispanic Non-Hispanic
Total Mexican
Puerto
Rican Cuban
Central
and South
American
Other and
unknown
Hispanic Total
2
White Black
Mother
Percent
Diabetes during pregancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 7.1 7.7 6.8 5.3 6.4 6.1 6.3 5.8 5.7
Weight gain of less than 11 lbs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 10.5 11.1 9.8 6.1 9.9 9.9 8.6 7.5 13.3
Weight gain of more than 40 lbs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.0 16.5 15.3 22.2 25.2 14.8 18.6 22.5 23.7 21.5
Induction of labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.8 19.3 18.8 21.7 18.9 18.0 21.3 25.3 26.8 23.0
CNM delivery
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 8.1 7.6 10.5 5.0 10.0 7.2 8.6 9.0 7.2
Cesarean delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.0 31.7 30.4 34.2 47.4 31.5 33.2 32.1 31.1 35.5
Infant
Gestational age:
Preterm
4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 9.1 8.9 11.0 9.3 8.7 9.6 9.8 8.9 13.4
Early preterm
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 2.5 2.4 3.5 2.8 2.3 2.8 2.8 2.3 4.8
Late preterm
6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 6.6 6.5 7.5 6.5 6.4 6.8 6.9 6.5 8.6
Birthweight
7
:
Very low birthweight
8
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.1 2.9
Low birthweight
9
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 7.2 6.8 9.4 7.2 6.7 8.1 8.3 6.9 13.3
4,000 grams or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 7.1 7.4 6.2 7.8 6.8 6.3 8.3 9.7 4.5
Twin birth
10
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.5 24.5 23.0 31.9 31.6 24.0 25.9 36.0 36.1 39.4
Triplet or higher-order birth
11
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.6 66.1 59.7 67.6 94.8 78.0 73.8 114.4 122.8 104.4
1
Includes origin not stated.
2
Includes races other than white and black.
3
Births delivered by certified nurse midwives (CNMs).
4
Born before 37 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate; see Technical Notes.
5
Born before 34 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate; see Technical Notes.
6
Born between 34 and 36 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate; see Technical Notes.
7
Equivalents of gram weights in pounds are shown in Technical Notes.
8
Less than 1,500 grams.
9
Less than 2,500 grams.
10
Live births in twin deliveries per 1,000 live births.
11
Live births in triplet and other higher-order multiple deliveries per 100,000 live births.
NOTES: Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the
District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes. Persons of Hispanic origin may
be of any race. In this table, Hispanic women are classified only by place of origin; non-Hispanic women are classified by race; see Technical Notes.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 55
Table 20. Births, by attendant, place of delivery, and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015
Place of delivery and race and
Hispanic origin of mother All births
Physician Midwife
Other UnspecifiedTotal
Doctor of
medicine
Doctor of
osteopathy Total
Certified
nurse
midwife
Other
midwife
All races
1
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 3,572,527 3,293,951 278,576 371,504 338,663 32,841 32,418 2,048
In hospital
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,917,298 3,569,794 3,291,565 278,229 326,596 318,936 7,660 19,939 969
Not in hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,041 2,687 2,340 347 44,873 19,714 25,159 12,431 1,050
Freestanding birthing center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,892 553 438 115 17,551 10,161 7,390 712 76
Clinic or doctor’s office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 173 122 51 195 181 14 21 6
Residence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,542 1,396 1,277 119 26,391 9,191 17,200 9,993 762
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,212 565 503 62 736 181 555 1,705 206
Not specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 46 46 – 35 13 22 48 29
Non-Hispanic white
3
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,279 1,891,907 1,718,597 173,310 218,841 192,509 26,332 18,543 988
In hospital
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,080,931 1,890,232 1,717,203 173,029 180,690 175,885 4,805 9,574 435
Not in hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,278 1,654 1,373 281 38,130 16,617 21,513 8,946 548
Freestanding birthing center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,533 508 396 112 14,348 8,354 5,994 619 58
Clinic or doctor’s office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 100 62 38 184 170 14 11 2
Residence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,544 728 637 91 22,948 7,955 14,993 7,461 407
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,904 318 278 40 650 138 512 855 81
Not specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 21 21 – 21 7 14 23 5
Non-Hispanic black
3
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589,047 539,445 508,748 30,697 44,143 42,290 1,853 5,054 405
In hospital
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585,570 538,887 508,217 30,670 42,710 41,591 1,119 3,768 205
Not in hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,445 544 517 27 1,431 698 733 1,273 197
Freestanding birthing center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855 22 21 1 787 422 365 31 15
Clinic or doctor’s office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 18 16 2 4 4 – 1 2
Residence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,165 397 381 16 620 263 357 1,010 138
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 107 99 8 20 9 11 231 42
Not specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 14 14 – 2 1 1 13 3
Hispanic
4
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924,048 839,310 781,708 57,602 78,129 74,790 3,339 6,248 361
In hospital
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919,006 838,997 781,415 57,582 74,774 73,389 1,385 5,058 177
Not in hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,022 305 285 20 3,351 1,399 1,952 1,182 184
Freestanding birthing center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,734 14 12 2 1,674 891 783 45 1
Clinic or doctor’s office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 19 16 3 5 5 – 1 1
Residence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,820 183 176 7 1,631 482 1,149 872 134
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442 89 81 8 41 21 20 264 48
Not specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 8 8 – 4 2 2 8 –
– Quantity zero.
1
Includes races other than white and black and origin not stated.
2
Includes births occurring en route to or on arrival at hospital.
3
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and
Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see
Technical Notes.
4
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
56 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 21. Births, by method of delivery and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1989–2015
Year All births
Vaginal Cesarean
Total
1
Non-
Hispanic
white
2
Non-
Hispanic
black
2
Hispanic
3
Total
1
Non-
Hispanic
white
2
Non-
Hispanic
black
2
Hispanic
3
Total
1
Non-
Hispanic
white
2
Non-
Hispanic
black
2
Hispanic
3
Number Rate
4
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 2,703,504 1,466,495 379,730 631,111 1,272,503 662,593 208,976 292,596 32.0 31.1 35.5 31.7
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,988,076 2,699,951 1,473,298 379,055 622,033 1,284,551 674,254 209,361 291,520 32.2 31.4 35.6 31.9
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,932,181 2,642,892 1,446,270 374,054 610,196 1,284,339 680,521 209,015 290,016 32.7 32.0 35.8 32.2
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,952,841 2,650,744 1,441,894 374,035 615,095 1,296,070 688,932 208,562 291,697 32.8 32.3 35.8 32.2
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,953,590 2,651,428 1,447,969 374,978 623,010 1,293,267 693,591 206,009 293,816 32.8 32.4 35.5 32.0
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,999,386 2,680,947 1,454,861 379,617 643,682 1,309,182 702,548 208,520 300,138 32.8 32.6 35.5 31.8
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,130,665 2,764,285 1,481,660 392,715 682,512 1,353,572 723,687 214,810 315,025 32.9 32.8 35.4 31.6
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,247,694 2,864,343 1,527,340 406,379 716,811 1,369,273 732,641 214,416 321,859 32.3 32.4 34.5 31.0
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,316,233 2,933,056 1,565,555 413,088 737,478 1,367,340 735,744 211,615 322,554 31.8 32.0 33.9 30.4
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,265,555 2,929,590 1,580,794 411,097 728,854 1,321,054 718,960 203,723 307,981 31.1 31.3 33.1 29.7
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,138,349 2,873,918 1,579,613 392,064 698,089 1,248,815 690,260 189,287 285,376 30.3 30.4 32.6 29.0
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,112,052 2,903,341 1,617,994 397,877 679,118 1,190,210 667,836 178,461 263,454 29.1 29.2 31.0 28.0
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,089,950 2,949,853 1,671,414 405,671 667,656 1,119,388 637,482 167,506 241,159 27.5 27.6 29.2 26.5
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,021,726 2,958,423 1,687,144 416,516 653,516 1,043,846 598,682 159,297 219,777 26.1 26.2 27.7 25.2
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,025,933 3,027,993 1,746,551 435,455 648,821 978,411 567,488 151,908 199,874 24.4 24.5 25.9 23.6
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,058,814 3,108,188 1,804,550 454,736 633,220 923,991 540,794 146,042 179,583 22.9 23.1 24.3 22.1
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,959,417 3,063,870 1,810,682 449,580 599,118 862,086 514,051 135,508 161,035 22.0 22.1 23.2 21.2
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,941,553 3,078,537 1,842,420 457,186 580,143 825,870 495,550 131,999 150,317
21.2 21.2 22.4 20.6
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,880,894 3,046,621 1,829,213 451,744 563,114 799,033 481,982 126,138 142,907 20.8 20.9 21.8 20.2
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,891,494 3,061,092 1,851,058 449,544 558,105 797,119 485,530 124,836 139,554 20.7 20.8 21.7 20.0
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,899,589 3,063,724 1,867,024 457,104 539,731 806,722 496,103 127,171 136,640 20.8 21.0 21.8 20.2
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,952,767 3,087,576 1,896,609 480,551 525,928 830,517 518,021 134,526 135,569 21.2 21.5 21.9 20.5
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,000,240 3,098,796 1,902,433 496,333 514,493 861,987 542,013 139,702 136,279 21.8 22.2 22.0 20.9
5
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,065,014 3,100,710 1,916,414 502,669 494,338 888,622 566,788 143,153 133,369 22.3 22.8 22.2 21.2
5
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,110,907 3,100,891 1,941,726 507,522 472,126 905,077 587,802 142,417 129,752 22.6 23.2 21.9 21.6
6
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,110,563 3,111,421 1,972,754 503,720 458,242 914,096 603,467 142,838 122,969 22.7 23.4 22.1 21.2
7
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,798,734 2,793,463 1,806,753 440,310 385,462 826,955 556,585 125,290 105,268 22.8 23.6 22.2 21.5
1
Includes races other than white and black and origin not stated.
2
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and
Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see
Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes.
3
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
4
Percentage of all live births by cesarean delivery.
5
Excludes data for New Hampshire, which did not report Hispanic origin.
6
Excludes data for New Hampshire and Oklahoma, which did not report data by Hispanic origin. Oklahoma also did not report method of delivery.
7
Excludes data for Louisiana, Maryland, Nebraska, Nevada, and Oklahoma, which did not report method of delivery on the birth certificate; data by Hispanic origin also exclude New
Hampshire, which did not report Hispanic origin.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 57
Table 22. Births, by method of delivery by age and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015
Age and race and Hispanic origin of mother
Number
Cesarean delivery
rate
1
All births Vaginal Cesarean Not stated
All races
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 2,703,504 1,272,503 2,490 32.0
Under 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232,215 184,874 47,255 86 20.4
20–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 850,509 625,838 224,160 511 26.4
25–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,152,311 800,936 350,652 723 30.4
30–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,094,693 716,386 377,638 669 34.5
35–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527,996 313,197 214,414 385 40.6
40–54. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,773 62,273 58,384 116 48.4
Non-Hispanic white
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,279 1,466,495 662,593 1,191 31.1
Under 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91,415 72,546 18,833 36 20.6
20–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399,373 296,777 102,374 222 25.6
25–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642,150 455,456 186,363 331 29.0
30–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646,767 432,881 213,538 348 33.0
35–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290,877 177,224 113,454 199 39.0
40–54. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,697 31,611 28,031 55 47.0
Non-Hispanic black
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589,047 379,730 208,976 341 35.5
Under 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,884 39,395 11,469 20 22.5
20–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175,597 123,070 52,444 83 29.9
25–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165,895 106,303 59,494 98 35.9
30–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,976 71,213 48,683 80 40.6
35–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,863 32,473 28,350 40 46.6
40–54. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,832 7,276 8,536 20 54.0
Hispanic
4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924,048 631,111 292,596 341 31.7
Under 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,350 65,780 15,546 24 19.1
20–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236,264 175,454 60,737 73 25.7
25–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256,106 175,885 80,118 103 31.3
30–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209,647 133,804 75,758 85 36.2
35–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,045 65,296 46,701 48 41.7
40–54. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,636 14,892 13,736 8 48.0
1
Percentage of all live births by cesarean delivery.
2
Includes races other than white and black and origin not stated.
3
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with the 1977 Office of Management and
Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015. The multiple-race data for these states were bridged to the single-race categories of the
1977 Office of Management and Budget standards for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes.
4
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
58 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 23. Births, by birthweight, gestational age, and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015
Birthweight
2
and race and
Hispanic origin of mother All births
Period of gestation (weeks)
1
Not
stated
Preterm Term Post term
Total
under 37
Under
28 28–31 32–33 34–36
Total
37–41
Early Full Late
42 and
over37–38 39–40 41
Number
All races
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 382,786 26,996 36,149 46,515 273,126 3,577,072 993,599 2,324,474 258,999 15,713 2,926
Less than 500 grams . . . . . . . . . . . 5,863 5,808 5,721 80 3 4 3 3 – – – 52
500–999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,689 20,559 16,359 3,870 244 86 91 30 57 4 2 37
1,000–1,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,040 28,348 3,594 17,764 4,918 2,072 663 310 331 22 4 25
1,500–1,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,862 56,994 130 11,758 21,680 23,426 5,792 4,744 980 68 17 59
2,000–2,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 202,415 109,747 97 1,523 15,946 92,181 92,402 70,369 21,273 760 94 172
2,500–2,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 729,673 106,245 100 423 2,651 103,071 622,022 310,156 297,329 14,537 873 533
3,000–3,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,544,024 41,871 – 387 701 40,783 1,496,975 409,077 1,000,978 86,920 4,389 789
3,500–3,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,062,456 9,249 – 185 225 8,839 1,046,430 162,412 775,079 108,939 6,347 430
4,000–4,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 274,404 1,896 – – 37 1,859 269,270 30,096 198,589 40,585 3,116 122
4,500–4,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,796 474 – – 6 468 37,559 4,947 26,130 6,482 735 28
5,000 grams or more . . . . . . . . . . . 4,654 118 – – 4 114 4,419 1,080 2,796 543 114 3
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,621 1,477 995 159 100 223 1,446 375 932 139 22 676
Percent
Very low birthweight
4
. . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 14.3 98.7 60.3 11.1 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.1
Low birthweight
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 58.1 99.6 97.2 92.2 43.2 2.8 7.6 1.0 0.3 0.7 15.3
Number
Non-Hispanic white
6
. . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,279 189,146 10,162 16,905 22,750 139,329 1,929,852 494,807 1,278,326 156,719 10,085 1,196
Less than 500 grams . . . . . . . . . . . 2,009 1,990 1,948 37 1 4 1 1 – – – 18
500–999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,051 7,980 6,138 1,670 124 48 57 16 39 2 1 13
1,000–1,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,058 12,735 1,582 8,029 2,154 970 308 137 156 15 2 13
1,500–1,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,702 27,006 46 5,886 10,323 10,751 2,658 2,184 445 29 7 31
2,000–2,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,659 53,830 46 735 8,305 44,744 40,702 31,264 9,089 349 48 79
2,500–2,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 336,316 55,524 48 189 1,332 53,955 280,124 140,514 132,674 6,936 431 237
3,000–3,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 801,773 23,086 – 173 313 22,600 775,855 207,776 520,195 47,884 2,484 348
3,500–3,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 635,412 5,021 – 93 108 4,820 626,012 92,125 465,605 68,282 4,175 204
4,000–4,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 179,165 1,003 – – 21 982 175,833 17,449 130,391 27,993 2,265 64
4,500–4,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,572 249 – – 2 247 24,735 2,579 17,439 4,717 571 17
5,000 grams or more . . . . . . . . . . . 2,734 67 – – 2 65 2,581 512 1,665 404 85 1
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,828 655 354 93 65 143 986 250 628 108 16 171
Percent
Very low birthweight
4
. . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 12.0 98.6 57.9 10.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3
Low birthweight
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 54.9 99.5 97.3 92.2 40.6 2.3 6.8 0.8 0.3 0.6 15.0
Number
Non-Hispanic black
6
. . . . . . . . . . . . 589,047 78,911 9,118 9,060 10,260 50,473 507,737 162,705 314,185 30,847 1,948 451
Less than 500 grams . . . . . . . . . . . 2,238 2,223 2,197 26 – – 2 2 – – – 13
500–999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,886 6,862 5,580 1,216 51 15 15 7 6 2 1 8
1,000–1,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,889 7,750 909 4,863 1,466 512 133 66 64 3 2 4
1,500–1,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,357 13,839 41 2,426 5,298 6,074 1,496 1,230 242 24 5 17
2,000–2,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,144 22,999 25 286 2,807 19,881 23,089 17,592 5,341 156 19 37
2,500–2,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 146,538 17,764 21 114 457 17,172 128,502 62,986 62,609 2,907 163 109
3,000–3,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 226,291 5,551 – 69 116 5,366 219,908 59,274 147,967 12,667 701 131
3,500–3,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 110,694 1,167 – 29 36 1,102 108,758 17,610 79,697 11,451 728 41
4,000–4,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,668 234 – – 3 231 22,157 3,138 15,867 3,152 270 7
4,500–4,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,136 61 – – – 61 3,024 601 1,985 438 49 2
5,000 grams or more . . . . . . . . . . . 478 11 – – 1 10 458 142 279 37 8 1
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728 450 345 31 25 49 195 57 128 10 2 81
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 59
Table 23. Births, by birthweight, gestational age, and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015—Con.
Birthweight
2
and race and
Hispanic origin of mother All births
Period of gestation (weeks)
1
Not
stated
Preterm Term Post term
Total
under 37
Under
28 28–31 32–33 34–36
Total
37–41
Early Full Late
42 and
over37–38 39–40 41
Percent
Very low birthweight
4
. . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 21.5 99.0 67.6 14.8 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 6.8
Low birthweight
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.3 68.4 99.8 97.7 94.0 52.5 4.9 11.6 1.8 0.6 1.4 21.4
Number
Hispanic
7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924,048 84,418 5,732 7,560 9,974 61,152 836,310 245,306 539,124 51,880 2,719 601
Less than 500 grams . . . . . . . . . . . 1,175 1,162 1,149 12 1 – – – – – – 13
500–999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,263 4,239 3,474 701 44 20 13 6 7 – – 11
1,000–1,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,923 5,750 849 3,583 908 410 170 84 83 3 – 3
1,500–1,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,731 11,620 33 2,619 4,431 4,537 1,102 882 211 9 4 5
2,000–2,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,531 23,537 19 387 3,628 19,503 18,948 14,134 4,640 174 24 22
2,500–2,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 171,413 24,533 22 91 672 23,748 146,541 74,169 69,267 3,105 214 125
3,000–3,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 378,193 10,245 – 105 206 9,934 366,836 105,646 242,391 18,799 902 210
3,500–3,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,028 2,413 – 46 63 2,304 238,439 41,057 175,695 21,687 1,062 114
4,000–4,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,317 522 – – 10 512 55,344 7,526 40,787 7,031 416 35
4,500–4,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,933 136 – – 4 132 7,708 1,423 5,295 990 82 7
5,000 grams or more . . . . . . . . . . . 1,114 36 – – 1 35 1,062 338 652 72 15 1
Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 225 186 16 6 17 147 41 96 10 – 55
Percent
Very low birthweight
4
. . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 13.2 98.7 56.9 9.6 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.9
Low birthweight
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 55.0 99.6 96.8 90.4 40.0 2.4 6.2 0.9 0.4 1.0 9.9
– Quantity zero.
0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than 0.05.
1
Expressed in completed weeks based on the obstetric estimate of gestation; see Technical Notes.
2
Equivalents of gram weights in pounds and ounces are shown in Technical Notes.
3
Includes races other than white and black and origin not stated.
4
Birthweight of less than 1,500 grams.
5
Birthweight of less than 2,500 grams.
6
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and
Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see
Technical Notes.
7
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
60 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 24. Very preterm and preterm births: United States, 2007–2015, and very low birthweight and low birthweight births, by
race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1989–2015
Year
Very preterm
1
Preterm
2
All races
3
Non-Hispanic
Hispanic
5
All races
3
Non-Hispanic
Hispanic
5
White
4
Black
4
White
4
Black
4
Percent
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.59 1.27 3.09 1.44 9.63 8.88 13.41 9.14
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.60 1.29 3.08 1.45 9.57 8.91 13.23 9.03
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.62 1.31 3.16 1.44 9.62 8.94 13.25 9.08
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.63 1.32 3.19 1.45 9.76 9.13 13.48 9.09
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.64 1.33 3.20 1.42 9.81 9.21 13.54 9.02
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.65 1.36 3.20 1.41 9.98 9.41 13.81 9.09
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.65 1.35 3.28 1.41 10.07 9.50 14.05 9.12
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.67 1.37 3.26 1.43 10.36 9.81 14.38 9.38
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.71 1.39 3.48 1.46 10.44 9.90 14.71 9.35
Year
Very low birthweight
6
Low birthweight
7
All races
3
Non-Hispanic
Hispanic
5
All races
3
Non-Hispanic
Hispanic
5
White
4
Black
4
White
4
Black
4
Percent
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.40 1.09 2.89 1.23 8.07 6.93 13.35 7.21
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.40 1.10 2.87 1.23 8.00 6.96 13.17 7.05
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.41 1.11 2.90 1.21 8.02 6.98 13.08 7.09
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.42 1.13 2.94 1.22 7.99 6.97 13.18 6.97
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.44 1.14 2.99 1.20 8.10 7.09 13.33 7.02
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.45 1.16 2.98 1.20 8.15 7.14 13.53 6.97
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.45 1.16 3.06 1.19 8.16 7.19 13.61 6.94
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.46 1.18 3.01 1.20 8.18 7.22 13.71 6.96
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.49 1.19 3.20 1.21 8.22 7.28 13.90 6.93
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.49 1.20 3.15 1.19 8.26 7.32 13.97 6.99
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.49 1.21 3.27 1.20 8.19 7.29 14.02 6.88
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.48 1.20 3.15 1.20 8.08 7.20 13.74 6.79
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.45 1.18 3.12 1.16 7.93 7.04 13.55 6.69
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.46 1.17 3.15 1.17 7.82 6.91 13.39 6.55
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.44 1.17 3.08 1.14 7.68 6.76 13.07 6.47
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.43 1.14 3.10 1.14 7.57 6.60 13.13 6.41
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.45 1.15 3.18 1.14 7.62 6.64 13.23 6.38
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.45 1.15 3.11 1.15 7.57 6.55 13.17 6.44
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.42 1.12 3.05 1.13 7.51 6.47 13.11 6.42
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.37 1.08 3.02 1.12 7.39 6.36 13.12 6.28
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.35 1.04 2.98 1.11 7.32 6.20 13.21 6.29
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.33 1.01 2.99 1.08 7.28 6.06 13.34 6.25
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.33 1.00 2.99 1.06 7.22 5.92 13.43 6.24
8
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.29 0.94 2.97 1.04 7.08 5.73 13.40 6.10
8
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.29 0.94 2.97 1.02 7.12 5.72 13.62 6.15
9
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.27 0.93 2.93 1.03 6.97 5.61 13.32 6.06
10
1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.28 0.93 2.97 1.05 7.05 5.62 13.61 6.18
1
Births of less than 32 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate of gestation; see Technical Notes.
2
Births of less than 37 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate of gestation; see Technical Notes.
3
Includes races other than white and black and origin not stated.
4
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and
Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see
Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes.
5
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
6
Less than 1,500 grams; equivalent in pounds shown in Technical Notes.
7
Less than 2,500 grams; equivalent in pounds shown in Technical Notes.
8
Data by Hispanic origin exclude New Hampshire, which did not report Hispanic origin.
9
Data by Hispanic origin exclude New Hampshire and Oklahoma, which did not report Hispanic origin.
10
Data by Hispanic origin exclude New Hampshire, Oklahoma, and Louisiana, which did not report Hispanic origin.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 61
Table 25. Preterm and low birthweight births, by age and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015
Age and race and Hispanic origin of mother
Preterm
1
Low birthweight
2
Total Early
3
Late
4
Total Early
3
Late
4
Unknown Total Very
5
Moderately
6
Total Very
5
Moderately
6
Unknown
All races
7
Percent Number Percent Number
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.63 2.76 6.87 382,786 109,660 273,126 2,926 8.07 1.40 6.67 320,869 55,592 265,277 3,621
Under 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.78 5.75 8.04 343 143 200 11 12.57 3.32 9.25 314 83 231 2
15–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.91 3.05 6.86 22,735 6,989 15,746 243 9.48 1.64 7.84 21,756 3,765 17,991 163
15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.58 3.32 7.27 801 251 550 20 9.84 2.03 7.81 746 154 592 8
16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.53 3.45 7.08 1,938 635 1,303 33 10.20 1.89 8.30 1,878 349 1,529 10
17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.94 3.06 6.89 3,493 1,074 2,419 37 9.58 1.66 7.92 3,368 583 2,785 19
18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.95 3.12 6.82 6,310 1,982 4,328 60 9.62 1.74 7.88 6,103 1,104 4,999 47
19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.71 2.90 6.81 10,193 3,047 7,146 93 9.21 1.50 7.71 9,661 1,575 8,086 79
20–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.28 2.68 6.59 78,833 22,812 56,021 710 8.38 1.42 6.96 71,177 12,039 59,138 711
25–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.92 2.51 6.41 102,751 28,932 73,819 901 7.45 1.28 6.17 85,776 14,754 71,022 1,090
30–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.35 2.63 6.72 102,345 28,785 73,560 637 7.49 1.30 6.19 81,925 14,184 67,741 1,017
35–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.07 3.18 7.89 58,419 16,801 41,618 328 8.74 1.57 7.17 46,092 8,273 37,819 507
40–44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.68 4.05 9.63 15,288 4,530 10,758 91 10.80 1.97 8.83 12,068 2,203 9,865 122
45–54. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.23 7.49 15.74 2,072 668 1,404 5 19.75 3.26 16.49 1,761 291 1,470 9
Non-Hispanic white
8
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.88 2.34 6.54 189,146 49,817 139,329 1,196 6.93 1.09 5.84 147,479 23,118 124,361 1,828
Under 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.25 4.99 8.26 77 29 48 1 10.15 3.61 6.54 59 21 38 1
15–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.56 2.85 6.72 8,677 2,583 6,094 83 8.45 1.42 7.02 7,668 1,292 6,376 59
15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.63 3.48 7.15 226 74 152 8 7.97 2.48 5.48 170 53 117 1
16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.22 3.30 6.91 597 193 404 11 9.06 1.62 7.43 530 95 435 3
17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.79 3.06 6.72 1,214 380 834 12 8.72 1.60 7.12 1,082 198 884 7
18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.86 2.96 6.90 2,504 752 1,752 18 8.82 1.50 7.32 2,241 381 1,860 14
19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.20 2.63 6.56 4,136 1,184 2,952 34 8.11 1.26 6.85 3,645 565 3,080 34
20–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.66 2.28 6.38 34,551 9,094 25,457 281 7.17 1.11 6.06 28,612 4,437 24,175 301
25–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.28 2.14 6.14 53,155 13,723 39,432 361 6.44 1.00 5.44 41,317 6,387 34,930 575
30–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.58 2.24 6.35 55,480 14,453 41,027 289 6.48 1.01 5.47 41,862 6,504 35,358
571
35–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.03 2.65 7.39 29,173 7,694 21,479 147 7.51 1.20 6.31 21,833 3,492 18,341 262
40–44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.75 3.50 9.25 7,012 1,924 5,088 32 9.62 1.55 8.07 5,290 855 4,435 54
45–54. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.93 6.81 15.12 1,021 317 704 2 18.01 2.79 15.22 838 130 708 5
Non-Hispanic black
8
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.41 4.83 8.58 78,911 28,438 50,473 451 13.35 2.89 10.45 78,514 17,013 61,501 728
Under 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.26 6.44 8.82 128 54 74 6 16.59 3.79 12.80 140 32 108 1
15–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.05 4.30 7.75 6,020 2,147 3,873 71 13.63 2.58 11.05 6,813 1,289 5,524 64
15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.46 4.20 8.26 258 87 171 8 12.92 2.51 10.41 268 52 216 5
16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.22 4.71 7.51 547 211 336 9 14.08 2.77 11.32 631 124 507 6
17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.13 3.82 8.30 945 298 647 10 13.60 2.13 11.47 1,060 166 894 9
18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.77 4.50 7.27 1,593 609 984 16 13.71 2.73 10.99 1,856 369 1,487 19
19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.12 4.26 7.85 2,677 942 1,735 28 13.57 2.62 10.95 2,998 578 2,420 25
20–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.38 4.36 8.02 21,722 7,653 14,069 135 13.20 2.63 10.57 23,144 4,614 18,530 217
25–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.91 4.66 8.25 21,396 7,726 13,670 111 12.77 2.80 9.97 21,162 4,645 16,517 193
30–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.08 5.11 8.97 16,880 6,122 10,758 78 13.09 3.08 10.01 15,683 3,690 11,993 151
See footnotes at end of table.
62 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 25. Preterm and low birthweight births, by age and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015—Con.
Age and race and Hispanic origin of mother
Preterm
1
Low birthweight
2
Total Early
3
Late
4
Total Early
3
Late
4
Unknown Total Very
5
Moderately
6
Total Very
5
Moderately
6
Unknown
Non-Hispanic black
8
35–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.17 6.01 10.16 9,835 3,653 6,182 32 14.59 3.53 11.06 8,870 2,145 6,725 83
40–44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.99 6.64 11.35 2,622 968 1,654 18 16.47 3.70 12.78 2,401 539 1,862 17
45–54. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.84 9.27 15.56 308 115 193 – 24.31 4.77 19.55 301 59 242 2
Hispanic
9
All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.14 2.52 6.62 84,418 23,266 61,152 601 7.21 1.23 5.98 66,623 11,361 55,262 427
Under 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.82 5.39 7.43 126 53 73 3 10.65 1.48 7.33 105 24 81 –
15–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.89 2.47 6.42 7,137 1,986 5,151 74 8.07 1.29 6.78 6,484 1,037 5,447 25
15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.17 2.64 6.53 285 82 203 3 8.81 1.48 7.33 274 46 228 1
16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.88 2.87 7.01 733 213 520 13 9.04 1.57 7.47 672 117 555 –
17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.71 2.55 6.16 1,187 347 840 11 8.06 1.39 6.67 1,099 189 910 2
18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.91 2.42 6.50 1,981 537 1,444 25 8.05 1.39 6.66 1,790 309 1,481 11
19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.70 2.38 6.32 2,951 807 2,144 22 7.81 1.11 6.70 2,649 376 2,273 11
20–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.07 2.17 5.91 19,062 5,118 13,944 165 6.86 1.06 5.79 16,191 2,505 13,686 94
25–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.35 2.22 6.13 21,370 5,693 15,677 165 6.54 1.10 5.44 16,740 2,807 13,933 118
30–34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.49 2.65 6.84 19,887 5,551 14,336 121 7.02 1.27 5.75 14,719 2,666 12,053 106
35–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.41 3.28 8.13 12,775 3,670 9,105 60 8.42 1.55 6.87 9,427 1,736 7,691 66
40–44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.65 4.00 9.65 3,699 1,083 2,616 13 9.85 1.97 7.88 2,670 534 2,136 18
45–54. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.83 7.37 16.46 362 112 250 – 18.89 3.42 15.47 287 52 235 –
– Quantity zero.
1
Less than 37 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate; see Technical Notes.
2
Less than 2,500 grams; equivalent in pounds shown in Technical Notes.
3
Less than 34 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate; see Technical Notes.
4
34–36 completed weeks of gestation based on the obstetric estimate; see Technical Notes.
5
Less than 1,500 grams; equivalent in pounds shown in Technical Notes.
6
1,500–2,499 grams; equivalent in pounds shown in Technical Notes.
7
Includes races other than white and black and origin not stated.
8
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of
Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see Technical Notes.
9
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 63
Table 26. Births, by plurality, age, and race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 2015
Plurality and race and
Hispanic origin of mother All ages
Age of mother
Under
15
15–19
20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–54 Total 15–17 18–19
All live births Number
All races
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 2,500 229,715 61,184 168,531 850,509 1,152,311 1,094,693 527,996 111,848 8,925
Non-Hispanic white
2
. . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,279 582 90,833 20,406 70,427 399,373 642,150 646,767 290,877 55,040 4,657
Non-Hispanic black
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . 589,047 845 50,039 14,366 35,673 175,597 165,895 119,976 60,863 14,592 1,240
Hispanic
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924,048 986 80,364 24,187 56,177 236,264 256,106 209,647 112,045 27,117 1,519
Live births in single deliveries
All races
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,841,219 2,467 226,061 60,362 165,699 830,329 1,116,679 1,050,568 502,380 105,502 7,233
Non-Hispanic white
2
. . . . . . . . . . . 2,050,814 571 89,448 20,138 69,310 390,268 621,557 618,646 275,304 51,284 3,736
Non-Hispanic black
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . 565,228 833 48,972 14,105 34,867 169,638 158,894 114,216 57,723 13,892 1,060
Hispanic
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900,844 976 79,292 23,926 55,366 231,915 250,013 203,243 108,018 26,099 1,288
Live births in twin deliveries
All races
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133,155 33 3,613 807 2,806 19,797 34,634 42,617 24,748 6,079 1,634
Non-Hispanic white
2
. . . . . . . . . . . 76,848 11 1,380 268 1,112 8,914 19,909 27,088 15,046 3,605 895
Non-Hispanic black
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . 23,204 12 1,052 258 794 5,844 6,859 5,606 3,004 656 171
Hispanic
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,593 10 1,057 249 808 4,285 5,964 6,200 3,887 970 220
Live births in triplet and
higher-order multiple deliveries
4
All races
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,123 – 41 15 26 383 998 1,508 868 267 58
Non-Hispanic white
2
. . . . . . . . . . . 2,617 – 5 – 5 191 684 1,033 527 151 26
Non-Hispanic black
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . 615 – 15 3 12 115 142 154 136 44 9
Hispanic
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611 – 15 12 3 64 129 204 140 48 11
All multiple births Rate per 1,000 live births
All races
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 13.2 15.9 13.4 16.8 23.7 30.9 40.3 48.5 56.7 189.6
Non-Hispanic white
2
. . . . . . . . . . . 37.3 * 15.2 13.1 15.9 22.8 32.1 43.5 53.5 68.2 197.8
Non-Hispanic black
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . 40.4 * 21.3 18.2 22.6 33.9 42.2 48.0 51.6 48.0 145.2
Hispanic
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1 * 13.3 10.8 14.4 18.4 23.8 30.5 35.9 37.5 152.1
Twin births
All races
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.5 13.2 15.7 13.2 16.6 23.3 30.1 38.9 46.9 54.4 183.1
Non-Hispanic white
2
. . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 * 15.2 13.1 15.8 22.3 31.0 41.9 51.7 65.5 192.2
Non-Hispanic black
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . 39.4 * 21.0 18.0 22.3 33.3 41.3 46.7 49.4 45.0 137.9
Hispanic
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.5 * 13.2 10.3 14.4 18.1 23.3 29.6 34.7 35.8 144.8
Triplet and higher-order
multiple births
4
Rate per 100,000 live births
All races
1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.6 * 17.8 * 15.4 45.0 86.6 137.8 164.4 238.7 649.9
Non-Hispanic white
2
. . . . . . . . . . . 122.8 * * * * 47.8 106.5 159.7 181.2 274.3 558.3
Non-Hispanic black
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . 104.4 * * * * 65.5 85.6 128.4 223.5 301.5 *
Hispanic
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.12 * * * * 27.1 50.4 97.3 124.9 177.0 *
– Quantity zero.
* Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision; based on fewer than 20 births in the numerator.
1
Includes races other than white and black and origin not stated.
2
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and
Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see
Technical Notes.
3
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
4
Triplet, quadruplet, quintuplet, and higher-order multiple deliveries.
64 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 27. Twin, triplet, and higher-order multiple births, by race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015
Year and race and
Hispanic origin of mother Total births Twin births
Triplet and
higher-order
births
Multiple birth
rate
1
Twin birth rate
2
Triplet and
higher-order birth
rate
3
All races
4
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,978,497 133,155 4,123 34.5 33.5 103.6
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,988,076 135,336 4,526 35.1 33.9 113.5
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,932,181 132,324 4,700 34.8 33.7 119.5
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,952,841 131,024 4,919 34.4 33.1 124.4
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,953,590 131,269 5,417 34.6 33.2 137.0
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,999,386 132,562 5,503 34.5 33.1 137.6
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,130,665 137,217 6,340 34.8 33.2 153.5
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,247,694 138,660 6,268 34.1 32.6 147.6
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,316,233 138,961 6,427 33.7 32.2 148.9
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,265,555 137,085 6,540 33.7 32.1 153.3
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,138,349 133,122 6,694 33.8 32.2 161.8
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,112,052 132,219 7,275 33.9 32.2 176.9
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,089,950 128,665 7,663 33.3 31.5 187.4
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,021,726 125,134 7,401 33.0 31.1 184.0
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,025,933 121,246 7,471 32.0 30.1 185.6
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,058,814 118,916 7,325 31.1 29.3 180.5
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,959,417 114,307 7,321 30.7 28.9 184.9
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,941,553 110,670 7,625 30.0 28.1 193.5
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,880,894 104,137 6,737 28.6 26.8 173.6
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,891,494 100,750 5,939 27.4 25.9 152.6
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,899,589 96,736 4,973 26.1 24.8 127.5
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,952,767 97,064 4,594 25.7 24.6 116.2
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,000,240 96,445 4,168 25.2 24.1 104.2
1992. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,065,014 95,372 3,883 24.4 23.5 95.5
1991. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,110,907 94,779 3,346 23.9 23.1 81.4
1990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,158,212 93,865 3,028 23.3 22.6 72.8
1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,040,958 90,118 2,798 23.0 22.3 69.2
1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,909,510 85,315 2,385 22.4 21.8 61.0
1987. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,809,394 81,778 2,139 22.0 21.5 56.2
1986. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,756,547 79,485 1,814 21.6 21.2 48.3
1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,760,561 77,102 1,925 21.0 20.5 51.2
1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,669,141 72,949 1,653 20.3 19.9 45.1
1983. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,638,933 72,287 1,575 20.3 19.9 43.3
1982. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,680,537 71,631 1,484 19.9 19.5 40.3
1981. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,629,238 70,049 1,385 19.7 19.3 38.2
1980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,612,258 68,339 1,337 19.3 18.9 37.0
Non-Hispanic white
5
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,279 76,848 2,617 37.3 36.1 122.8
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,149,302 78,788 3,028 38.1 36.7 140.9
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,129,196 78,072 3,134 38.1 36.7 147.2
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,134,044 78,449 3,264 38.3 36.8 152.9
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,146,566 78,638 3,670 38.3 36.6 171.0
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,162,406 79,728 3,842 38.6 36.9 177.7
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,212,552 81,954 4,457 39.1 37.0 201.4
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,267,817 82,903 4,493 38.5 36.6 198.1
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,310,333 83,632 4,559 38.2 36.2 197.3
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,308,640 83,108 4,805 38.1 36.0 208.1
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,279,768 82,223 4,966 38.2 36.1 217.8
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,296,683 83,346 5,590 38.7 36.3 243.4
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,321,904 81,691 5,922 37.7 35.2 255.0
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,298,156 79,949 5,754 37.3 34.8 250.4
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,326,578 77,882 5,894 36.0 33.5 253.3
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,362,968 76,018 5,821 34.6 32.2 246.3
See footnotes at end of table.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 65
Table 27. Twin, triplet, and higher-order multiple births, by race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015—Con.
Year and race and
Hispanic origin of mother Total births Twin births
Triplet and
higher-order
births
Multiple birth
rate
1
Twin birth rate
2
Triplet and
higher-order birth
rate
3
Non-Hispanic white
5
—Con.
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,346,450 73,964 5,909 34.0 31.5 251.8
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,362,462 71,270 6,206 32.8 30.2 262.8
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,333,363 67,191 5,386 31.1 28.8 230.8
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,358,989 65,523 4,885 29.8 27.8 207.1
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,382,638 62,370 4,050 27.9 26.2 170.0
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,438,855 62,476 3,721 27.1 25.6 152.6
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,472,031 61,525 3,360 26.2 24.9 135.9
6
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,527,207 60,640 3,115 25.2 24.0 123.3
6
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,589,878 60,904 2,612 24.5 23.5 100.9
7
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,626,500 60,210 2,358 23.8 22.9 89.8
Non-Hispanic black
5
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589,047 23,204 615 40.4 39.4 104.4
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588,891 23,546 528 40.9 40.0 89.7
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583,834 22,346 623 39.3 38.3 106.7
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583,489 21,545 629 38.0 36.9 107.8
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582,345 21,681 634 38.3 37.2 108.9
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589,808 21,804 574 37.9 37.0 97.3
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609,584 23,159 644 39.0 38.0 105.6
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623,029 22,924 569 37.7 36.8 91.3
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627,191 23,101 612 37.8 36.8 97.6
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617,247 22,702 580 37.7 36.8 94.0
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583,759 21,254 616 37.5 36.4 105.5
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578,772 20,605 577 36.6 35.6 99.7
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576,033 20,010 631 35.8 34.7 109.5
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578,335 20,064 591 35.7 34.7 102.2
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589,917 19,974 531 34.8 33.9 90.0
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604,346 20,173 506 34.2 33.4 83.7
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588,981 18,920 561 33.1 32.1 95.2
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593,127 18,589 518 32.2 31.3 87.3
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581,431 17,472 523 30.9 30.0 90.0
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578,099 16,873 425 29.9 29.2 73.5
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587,781 16,622 340 28.9 28.3 57.8
1994
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619,198 17,934 357 29.5 29.0 57.7
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 641,273 18,115 314 28.7 28.2 49.0
6
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657,450 18,294 346 28.4 27.8 52.6
6
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666,758 18,243 367 27.9 27.4 55.0
7
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661,701 17,646 306 27.1 26.7 46.2
Hispanic
8
2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924,048 22,593 611 25.1 24.5 66.1
2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 914,065 22,051 588 24.8 24.1 64.3
2013. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 901,033 21,511 643 24.6 23.9 71.4
2012. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907,677 20,505 636 23.3 22.6 70.1
2011. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918,129 21,236 723 23.9 23.1 78.7
2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 945,180 21,359 721 23.4 22.6 76.3
2009. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999,548 22,481 835 23.3 22.5 83.5
2008. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,041,239 23,266 834 23.1 22.3 80.1
2007. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,062,779 23,405 857 22.8 22.0 80.6
2006. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,039,077 22,698 787 22.6 21.8 75.7
2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 985,505 21,723 761 22.8 22.0 77.2
2004. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 946,349 20,351 723 22.3 21.5 76.4
2003. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912,329 19,472 784 22.2 21.3 85.9
2002. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 876,642 18,128 737 21.5 20.7 84.1
See footnote at end of table.
66 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Table 27. Twin, triplet, and higher-order multiple births, by race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, 1980–2015—Con.
Year and race and
Hispanic origin of mother Total births Twin births
Triplet and
higher-order
births
Multiple birth
rate
1
Twin birth rate
2
Triplet and
higher-order birth
rate
3
Hispanic
8
—Con.
2001. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851,851 17,257 710 21.1 20.3 83.3
2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815,868 16,470 659 21.0 20.2 80.8
1999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764,339 15,388 583 20.9 20.1 76.3
1998. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734,661 15,015 553 21.2 20.4 75.3
1997. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709,767 13,821 516 20.2 19.5 72.7
1996. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701,339 13,014 409 19.1 18.6 58.3
1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679,768 12,685 355 19.2 18.7 52.2
1994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665,026 12,206 348 18.9 18.4 52.3
1993. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654,418 12,294 321 19.3 18.8 49.1
6
1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643,271 11,932 239 18.9 18.5 37.2
6
1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623,085 11,356 235 18.6 18.2 37.7
7
1990 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595,073 10,713 235 18.4 18.0 39.5
1
Number of live births in all multiple deliveries per 1,000 live births.
2
Number of live births in twin deliveries per 1,000 live births.
3
Number of live births in triplet and other higher-order deliveries per 100,000 live births.
4
Includes races other than white and black and origin not stated.
5
Race and Hispanic origin are reported separately on birth certificates. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Race categories are consistent with 1977 Office of Management and
Budget standards. Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported multiple-race data for 2015 that were bridged to single-race categories for comparability with other states; see
Technical Notes. Multiple-race reporting areas vary for 2003–2015; see Technical Notes.
6
Excludes data for New Hampshire, which did not report Hispanic origin.
7
Excludes data for New Hampshire and Oklahoma, which did not report Hispanic origin.
8
Includes all persons of Hispanic origin of any race.
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 67
Technical Notes
Data source
Data shown in this report for 2015 are based on 100% of
the birth certificates filed in all states and the District of Columbia
(DC). The data are provided to the National Center for Health
Statistics (NCHS) through the Vital Statistics Cooperative
Program. Information on the percentage of records with missing
information for maternal and infant characteristics included in this
report is shown by state in the User Guide (12). Methodological
and measurement information for these characteristics is
available in “The Public Use Natality File—2015 Update” (12).
1989 and 2003 revisions of U.S. Standard Certificate of
Live Birth
This report includes 2015 data on items that are collected
on both the 1989 revision of the U.S. Standard Certificate of
Live Birth (unrevised) and the 2003 revision (revised). The
2003 revision is described in the Introduction to this report and
detailed elsewhere (6,7).
Age of mother
Age of mother is computed in most cases from the mother’s
and infant’s dates of birth as reported on the birth certificate.
The mother’s age is directly reported by one territory (American
Samoa). From 1964 through 1996, mother’s age was edited for
a range of 10–49 years. Births reported as occurring to mothers
under age 10 or over age 49 are assigned the average age of
mothers based on a previous year with the same race, Hispanic
origin, and total birth order (total of live births and fetal deaths).
Beginning in 1997, age of mother was imputed for ages 9 and
under and 55 and over. This procedure was used through 2006
for births in states using the 1989 certificate. Beginning in 2003
for births occurring in revised states, a wider age range has been
used—age of mother is imputed for ages 8 and under and 65
and over (mothers aged 9 are recoded as aged 10). Starting in
2007, the same procedures have been used for states using the
1989 certificate. A review and verification of unedited data for
several years including 2007 showed that the vast majority of
births reported as occurring to women aged 50 and over were to
women aged 50–54. In this report, the final age group shown in
the tables (45–49, 45–54, or 50–54) includes births to mothers
up to age 64.
The numbers of births to women aged 50 and over have
been too small historically to compute age-specific birth rates.
These births have been included with births to women aged
45–49 for computing birth rates. In 2015, age of mother was
not reported on 0.01% of the records (by occurrence); for these
records, age of mother was imputed according to the last record
with the same race and total birth order.
Hispanic origin and race
Hispanic origin
Hispanic origin and race are reported separately on the
birth certificate. Data are shown in most cases for five specified
Hispanic groups: Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central and
South American, and other and unknown Hispanic. In tabulations
of birth data by race and Hispanic origin, data for persons of
Hispanic origin are not further classified by race because the vast
majority of births to Hispanic women are reported as white. In
tabulations of birth data by race only, data for persons of Hispanic
origin are included in the data for each race group according to
the mother’s reported race. In tabulations that include Hispanic
origin, data for non-Hispanic persons are classified according to
the race of the mother due to substantial differences in fertility
and maternal and infant health characteristics between Hispanic
and non-Hispanic white women.
Items asking for the Hispanic origin of the mother and the
father have been included on the birth certificates of all states, DC,
Virgin Islands, and Guam since 1993, and on the birth certificates
of Puerto Rico starting in 2005 and Northern Marianas starting
in 2010 (12). American Samoa does not collect this information.
The Hispanic-origin question on the 2003 revision of the
birth certificate asks respondents to select only one response.
Occasionally, however, more than one Hispanic-origin response
is given, that is, more than one specified Hispanic group
(Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, or Central and South American).
From 2003 through 2012, respondents who selected more than
one Hispanic origin on the birth certificate were classified as
“other Hispanic.” Beginning with the 2013 data year, respondents
who select more than one Hispanic origin are randomly assigned
to a single Hispanic origin. This change was implemented to be
consistent with the coding methods of the American Community
Survey (41), on which the rates for the specified Hispanic groups
from 2010 are based (see “Population estimates for specific
Hispanic groups”). (The Current Population Survey [CPS], on
which the population denominators before 2010 are based,
queried respondents who report more than one Hispanic origin
to obtain a single origin only [42].)
Change in births to other and unknown Hispanic women—
The number of births to “other and unknown Hispanic” women
increased by 2% from 141,390 in 2014 to 143,536 in 2015.
This number rose each year from 2005 through 2014. Factors
that may have influenced this rise are not clear but may include
less specificity in respondent reporting of Hispanic origin and
increases in the populations of groups included in the “other
Hispanic” category. The 48 (fully) revised states and DC
accounted for 96% of Hispanic births in the United States in
2015. For the percentage of records for which Hispanic origin of
the parents was not reported in 2015 and additional information
on the reporting of Hispanic origin, see the User Guide (12).
68 National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017
Single, multiple, and “bridged” race of mother and
father
In 1997, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
issued “Revisions to the Standards for the Classification
of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity,” which revised the
1977 “Race and Ethnic Standards for Federal Statistics and
Administrative Reporting” (13,43). These documents specify
guidelines for collecting, tabulating, and presenting race and
ethnicity data within the federal statistical system. The 1997
revised standards incorporated two major changes designed to
reflect the changing racial and ethnic profile of the United States.
First, the revision increased from four to five the minimum set
of categories to be used by federal agencies for identification
of race. The 1977 standards required federal agencies to report
race-specific tabulations using a minimum set of four single-
race categories: American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN), Asian
or Pacific Islander (API), black, and white. The five categories
for race specified in the 1997 standards are: AIAN, Asian, black
or African American, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
(NHOPI), and white. The revised standards called for reporting
Asian persons separately from NHOPI persons. Second, the
revised standards require federal data collection programs to
allow respondents to select one or more race category.
Beginning with the 2000 decennial census, the U.S. Census
Bureau collected race and ethnicity data in accordance with the
1997 revised standards; however, the National Vital Statistics
System, which is based on data collected by the states, will
not be fully compliant with the new standards until all of the
states revise their birth certificates to reflect the new standards.
Thus, beginning with the 2000 data year, the numerators
(births) for birth rates are incompatible with the denominators
(populations); see “Population denominators.” To compute
rates, it is necessary to “bridge” population data for multiple-race
persons to single-race categories. This has been done for birth
rates by race presented in this report. Once all states revise their
birth registration systems to be compliant with the 1997 OMB
standards, the use of bridged populations can be discontinued.
Forty-nine states and DC, which represent 99% of all U.S.
resident births, reported multiple-race data in 2015. Multiple-
race reporting areas contain the 49 revised or partially revised
states (see “1989 and 2003 revisions of U.S. Standard Certificate
of Live Birth”), DC, Guam, and Commonwealth of the Northern
Marianas, which used the 2003 revision of the U.S. Standard
Certificate of Live Birth. Only Connecticut, which revised its birth
certificate in 2016, and Puerto Rico, which revised in 2005,
reported race according to the 1989 certificate revision.
Slightly more than 2% of mothers in the multiple-race
reporting area reported more than one race in 2015 (12). Prior to
2015, the multiple-race reporting states varied widely, increasing
from 6 states in 2003 to 49 states and DC in 2015.
Data from the vital records of the remaining state,
Connecticut, and two territories, American Samoa and Virgin
Islands, followed the 1977 OMB standards in which only a single
race is reported (43). In addition, these areas also reported the
minimum set of four races as stipulated in the 1977 standards,
compared with the minimum of five races for the 1997 standards.
To provide uniformity and comparability of data during the
transition period before multiple-race data are available for all
reporting areas, bridging the responses of those who reported
more than one race to a single race is necessary. The bridging
procedure for multiple-race mothers and fathers is based on
the procedure used to bridge multiracial population estimates;
see “Population denominators” (44). Multiple race is imputed
to a single race (AIAN, API, black, or white) according to the
combination of races, Hispanic origin, sex, and age of the
mother or father indicated on the birth certificate. The imputation
procedure is detailed elsewhere (45,46).
Where race of the mother is not reported, if the race of the
father is known, the race of the father is assigned to the mother.
When information is not available for either parent, the race
of the mother is imputed according to the specific race of the
mother on the preceding record with a known race of mother;
see the User Guide (12). In 2015, race of mother was imputed
for 5.9% of births (by occurrence of birth).
Trend data by race shown in this report are by race of mother
for all years beginning with the 1980 data year. Text references
to white births and white mothers or to black births and black
mothers are used interchangeably for ease in writing.
For detailed information and discussion on race of mother
and father, see the User Guide (12).
Marital status, attendant and place of birth,
pregnancy risk factors, method of delivery, and
gestational age
For information and discussion on data quality of marital
status, attendant and place of birth, pregnancy risk factors,
method of delivery, and gestational age, see the User Guide (12).
Gestational age
Beginning with the 2014 data year, NCHS transitioned to a
new standard for estimating the gestational age of the newborn.
The new measure—obstetric estimate of gestation at delivery
(OE)—replaces the measure based on the date of the last normal
menses (LMP) (28). National data based on OE are available only
from data year 2007 forward. Gestational age estimates differ
somewhat between OE- and LMP-based measures. Accordingly,
gestational age data in this report are based on OE. However,
LMP-based data are also available for all relevant report tables
upon request. For example, the 2015 OE-based preterm birth
rate is 9.63% compared with the LMP-based rate of 11.29%. Of
note, both measures show declines in the rate of preterm birth
from 2007 to 2014. Information and discussion of the reasons
for the change, and a detailed comparison of the two measures,
are presented elsewhere (28).
For information and discussion on data quality of attendant
and place of birth, pregnancy risk factors, and method of delivery,
see the User Guide (12).
Birthweight
Birthweight is reported in some areas in pounds and ounces
rather than in grams; however, the metric system has been used
National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 5, 2017 69
in tabulating and presenting the statistics to facilitate comparison
with data published by other groups. Equivalents of the gram
weights in terms of pounds and ounces are:
Less than 500 grams = 1 lb. 1 oz. or less
500–999 grams = 1 lb. 2 oz.–2 lb. 3 oz.
1,000–1,499 grams = 2 lb. 4 oz.–3 lb. 4 oz.
1,500–1,999 grams = 3 lb. 5 oz.–4 lb. 6 oz.
2,000–2,499 grams = 4 lb. 7 oz.–5 lb. 8 oz.
2,500–2,999 grams = 5 lb. 9 oz.–6 lb. 9 oz.
3,000–3,499 grams = 6 lb. 10 oz.–7 lb. 11 oz.
3,500–3,999 grams = 7 lb. 12 oz.–8 lb. 13 oz.
4,000–4,499 grams = 8 lb. 14 oz.–9 lb. 14 oz.
4,500–4,999 grams = 9 lb. 15 oz.–11 lb. 0 oz.
5,000 grams or more = 11 lb. 1 oz. or more
Computations of percentages, percent
distributions, and means
For information and discussion on computations of
percentages, percent distributions, and means, see the User
Guide (12).
Population denominators
The birth and fertility rates for 2015 shown in Tables A, B,
1, 3–5, 7–9, 12–14, and 17 are based on populations estimated
from the 2010 census as of July 1, 2015. These populations are
shown in the User Guide (12). The population estimates have been
provided by the U.S. Census Bureau (47), and they are based on
the 2010 census counts by age, sex, and race, which have been
modified for consistency with 1977 OMB race categories and
historical categories for birth data. The modification procedures
are described in detail elsewhere (44).
The birth and fertility rates by state shown in Tables B and
12 are based on state-level population counts, which are based
on the 2010 census provided by the U.S. Census Bureau (44).
Birth and fertility rates for the territories except Puerto Rico
shown in Table 12 are based on population estimates provided
by the U.S. Census Bureau’s International Data Base (48). Rates
for Puerto Rico are based on population estimates from the 2010
census as of July 1, 2015, and are provided by the U.S. Census
Bureau (49).
Rates by state and territory shown in this report may differ
from rates computed on the basis of other population estimates;
rates for smaller population subgroups, such as those for
teen mothers, may be particularly affected by differences in
population estimates. Birth and fertility rates by month shown in
Table I–2 are based on monthly population estimates for 2015,
which are also based on 2010 census estimates. For 2015, rates
for unmarried women shown in Tables 15 and 16 are based on
distributions of the population by marital status averaged over a
2-year period for 2014–2015. These distributions were reported
by the U.S. Census Bureau in the March CPS for each year
(50,51), and have been adjusted to July 1, 2015 (2010 census),
population levels (47) by NCHS’ Division of Vital Statistics (52).
As of the preparation of this report, data from the March CPS
for 2016 were not available. Accordingly, the distributions of the
population by marital status were based on a 2-year average of
2014 and 2015 (50,51). For earlier years, rates for unmarried
women are based on distributions of the population by marital
status averaged over a 3-year period (52).
Population estimates for specific Hispanic groups
The 2015 population estimates for the specific Hispanic
population groups were not available as of the preparation of
this report (53). Accordingly, birth and fertility rates for these
groups are not shown in this report. Once available, birth and
fertility rates for the specific Hispanic population groups will be
added to Tables 5, 7, 8, and 14. The 2015 special population
estimates for Hispanic groups will be shown in the User Guide
once available (12). More information about the populations for
Hispanic groups is available elsewhere (12,54,55).
Computation of rates
For information and discussion on computations of rates,
see the User Guide (12).
Random variation and significance testing for
natality data
For information and discussion on random variation and
significance testing for natality data, see the 2010 User Guide
(56).
For information and discussion on random variation and
significance testing for birth and fertility rates for Mexican,
Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central and South American, and other
Hispanic populations based on American Community Survey
population estimates, see the User Guide (12).
Definition of medical terms
For definitions and discussion of maternal and infant health
characteristics, see “Guide to Completing the Facility Worksheets
for the Certificate of Live Birth and Report of Fetal Death” (57).
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DHHS Publication No. 2017–1120 • CS272653
Suggested citation
Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Osterman MJK, et
al. Births: Final data for 2015. National vital
statistics report; vol 66, no 1. Hyattsville, MD:
National Center for Health Statistics. 2017.
Copyright information
All material appearing in this report is in
the public domain and may be reproduced
or copied without permission; citation as to
source, however, is appreciated.
National Center for Health Statistics
Charles J. Rothwell, M.S., M.B.A., Director
Jennifer H. Madans, Ph.D., Associate Director
for Science
Division of Vital Statistics
Delton Atkinson, M.P.H., M.P.H., P.M.P.,
Director
Hanyu Ni, Ph.D., M.P.H., Associate Director
for Science
Contents
Abstract .......................................................1
Highlights ......................................................2
Introduction ....................................................2
1989 and 2003 revisions of U.S. Standard Certificate of Live Birth ........2
Methods .......................................................2
Demographic Characteristics .......................................3
Births and birth rates ...........................................3
Age of mother .................................................3
Live-birth order. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Total fertility rate ...............................................5
Births and birth rates by state. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Birth rates for teenagers by state ..................................8
Births to unmarried women ......................................8
Age and race of father ..........................................9
Medical Services Utilization .......................................9
Attendant at birth and place of delivery .............................9
Method of delivery .............................................9
Infant Health Characteristics ......................................10
Period of gestation ............................................10
Birthweight ..................................................11
Multiple births ...............................................12
References ....................................................13
List of Detailed Tables ...........................................15
List of Internet Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Technical Notes ................................................67
Acknowledgments
This report was prepared under the general direction of Delton Atkinson,
Director of the Division of Vital Statistics (DVS), and Amy Branum, Chief of
the Reproductive Statistics Branch (RSB). Rajesh Virkar, Chief of the Systems,
Programming, and Statistical Resources Branch (SPSRB), and Steve J. Steimel,
Annie S. Liu, and Li Lu provided computer programming support and statistical
tables. Steve J. Steimel and Annie S. Liu of SPSRB prepared the natality file. The
Data Acquisition and Evaluation Branch staff of DVS evaluated the quality of and
acceptance procedures for the state data files on which this report is based. The
Registration Methods staff of DVS consulted with state vital statistics offices
regarding the collection of birth certificate data. This report was edited and
produced by CDC/OSELS/NCHS/OD/Office of Information Services, Information
Design and Publishing Staff: Jane Sudol edited the report; typesetting was done
by Odell D. Eldridge (contractor); and graphics were produced by Sarah Hinkle.
