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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 1
GENERAL PROVISIONS
REGULATION 1. Definitions
(1) “A.A.C.” is an abbreviation for Arizona Administrative Code.
(2) “ADEQ” is an abbreviation for Arizona Department of Environmental Quality.
(3) “ADHS” is an abbreviation for Arizona Department of Health Services.
(4) “Air induction system” means a system whereby a volume of air is introduced
into hollow ducting in a spa floor, bench or walls. An air induction system is
activated by an air power blower and is separate from the water circulation
system.
(5) “Algae” means microscopic, single-celled forms of plant life that exist in most
surfaces and ground waters. Green, blue-green (frequently called black) and
mustard algae are the types most common to swimming pools.
(6) “ANSI” is an abbreviation for American National Standards Institute.
(7) “Artificial bathing lake” means a man-made lake, lagoon or basin, lined or
unlined, with an area equal to or greater than two acres (87,120 square feet),
constructed and used or intended to be used for water contact recreation. This
includes all recreational activities where there is a high probability of water
ingestion and where related activities create a significant public health and safety
risk. Such activities include, but are not limited to, wading, swimming, bathing,
wind surfing, water skiing and jet skiing.
(8) “Approved” means acceptable to the Department or to the swimming pool agency
that has the jurisdiction based on determination of conformity with principles,
practices or political subdivision.
(9) “A.R.S.” is an abbreviation for Arizona Revised Statutes.
(10) “ASME” is an abbreviation for American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
(11) “Backwash” means the process of thoroughly cleaning a filter by reverse flow of
water through the filter.
(12) “Barrier” means a fence, wall, building or landscaping that obstructs access to a
bathing place.
(13) “Bathing place” as used in these regulations includes all bodies of water used by
persons for swimming, wading, hydrotherapy, recreation, bathing or special uses
together with the shores, bathhouses, sanitary facilities, equipment and all other
appurtenances to such bodies of water, except that these regulations do not apply
to facilities constructed or maintained at any medical facility intended exclusively
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for therapeutic treatment and facilities constructed and operated by the state of
Arizona. A bathing place for consideration of design, permits, and fees shall be
considered separate and distinct if:
(a) Bodies of water are physically separate; or
(b) Bodies of water are at different elevations; or
(c) Bodies of water are separated by a fence, wall or visual barrier which
prevents or impedes direct physical or visual access to any portion of the
body of water; or
(d) Bodies of water are separated by a channel, less than ten (10) feet wide.
(14) “Cartridge filter” means a depth, pleated or surface-type filter component with
fixed dimensions that is designed to remove suspended particles from water
flowing through the filter.
(15) “Clean” means free from slime, scum, dirt or other debris.
(16) “Construct” means, and includes, building or installing a new bathing place or
enlarging or altering existing facilities.
(17) “Coping” means the cap on a swimming pool or spa wall that provides a finished
edge around the swimming pool or spa.
(18) “Cross connection” means any physical connection between two (2) piping
systems, one (1) of which contains potable water and the other sewage or water of
unknown or questionable quality, through which water may flow from either
system to the other.
(19) “Deck” means a hard surface immediately adjacent to or attached to a bathing
place that is designed for sitting, standing or walking.
(20) “Deep area” means the portion of a bathing place that is more than five (5) feet
deep.
(21) “Department” refers to Maricopa County Environmental Services Department.
(22) “Discharge piping” means the portion of the circulation system that carries water
from the filter back to the swimming pool or spa.
(23) “DPD” is an abbreviation for Diethyl-p-Phenylene Diamine. The indicator
usually is used in tablet form which measures chlorine and bromine levels in pool
and spa water.
(24) “Diving area” means the area of the public or semipublic swimming pool that is
designated for diving from a diving board, diving platform or starting block.
(25) “Fill and draw pool” means a bathing place where the principal means of cleaning
is the complete removal of the used water and the replacement thereof with
potable water.
(26) “Filtration rate” means the rate of water flowing through a filter during the filter
cycle expressed in gallons per minute per square foot of effective filter area.
(27) “Flow through pool” means a bathing place where potable water constantly enters
the pool and an equal quantity of used water constantly flows out of the pool.
(28) “Freeboard” means that section of the pool wall measured vertically between the
water surface and the walkway or deck surface.
(29) “GPM” is an abbreviation for Gallons Per Minute.
(30) “Hose bibb” means a faucet with a threaded nozzle to which a hose may be
attached.
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(31) “Hydrotherapy jet” means a fitting that blends water and air and creates a high
velocity turbulent stream of air-enriched water for injection into a spa.
(32) “Incontinent” means unable to restrain a bowel movement.
(33) “Lifeguard” means an attendant with Red Cross or equivalent certification who
supervises the safety of bathers.
(34) Make-up water” means fresh water used to fill or refill a bathing place.
(35) “Maximum bathing load” means the design capacity or maximum number of users
that a bathing place is designed to hold.
(36) “Natural bathing place” means unmodified natural outdoor lakes, ponds, rivers, etc.
(37) “Operate” means to conduct, maintain or otherwise provide facilities and
appurtenances at bathing places.
(38) “NCAA” is an abbreviation for National Collegiate Athletic Association.
(39) “NFSHSA” is an abbreviation for National Federation of State High School
Associations.
(40) “Operator” means an individual who owns, runs, maintains, or otherwise controls
or directs the functioning of a bathing place.
(41) “Overflow system” means and includes gutters and other rim type overflows,
surface skimmers and collection systems of various designs and manufacture.
(42) “Permit holder” means the entity that:
(a) Is legally responsible for the operation of the bathing place such as the
owner, the owner's agent, or other person; and
(b) Possesses a valid permit to operate a bathing place.
(43) “pH value” indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of water. The pH scale is
from 0 to 14 with pH 7.0 being the neutral point, i.e., water with pH of 7.0 is neither
acid nor alkaline, and it is neutral. Above pH 7.0 the water is alkaline and below pH
7.0 it is acidic.
(44) “Potable water” means drinking water.
(45) “PPM” is an abbreviation for Parts Per Million.
(46) “Private residential spa” means a spa at a private residence used only by the
owner, members of the owners' family and invited guests, or a spa that serves a
housing group consisting of no more than three (3) living units (e.g. duplexes or
triplexes). Private spas are exempt from these regulations.
(47) “Private residential swimming pool” means a pool operated by an individual for his
own or his family’s use or for guests of his household, or by an owner, to serve a
housing group consisting of no more than three (3) living units. Private pools are
exempt from these regulations.
(48) “Public spa” means a spa that is open to the public with or without a fee,
including a spa that is operated by a community, municipality, political
subdivision, school district, university, college or a commercial establishment
whose primary business is the operation of a spa.
(49) “Public swimming pool” means a swimming pool that is open to the public with or
without a fee, including a pool that is operated by a community, municipality,
political subdivision, school district, university, college or a commercial
establishment whose primary business is the operation of a pool.
(50) “Recessed treads” means a series of vertically spaced, preformed stepholes in a
swimming pool wall.
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(51) “Recirculating pool” means a swimming pool where a portion of the pool water is
constantly being removed, filtered and disinfected then returned to the pool.
(52) “Resurfacing” means any alteration that is greater than ten (10) percent of the
pool interior surface. This shall include but not be limited to plastering, painting,
tiling, application of pebble type finish, fiberglass or any other approved
alternative surface.
(53) “Return inlet” means an aperture or fitting through which filtered water returns to
a swimming pool or spa.
(54) “Return line” means that portion of the recirculating system piping which carries
clean water from the filter back to the swimming pool.
(55) “Rope and float line” means a continuous line not less than three-quarter (3/4)
inch in diameter that is supported by buoys and attached to opposite sides of a
swimming pool to separate areas of the swimming pool.
(56) “Sanitary facilities” means a designated area that includes a toilet and sink and
may include a shower or urinal.
(57) “Scum” means a film that forms on the surface of water.
(58) “Secchi Disk” refers to a 200-mm circular plate, which has opposite quarters
painted gloss white and black.
(59) “Secchi Disk visibility” is the depth at which the disk can be seen when raised
and lowered in the water.
(60) “Semiartificial bathing place” means a natural bathing place that has been
modified by man.
(61) “Semipublic spa” means a spa operated for the residents of lodgings such as
hotels, motels, resorts, apartments, condominiums, townhouse complexes, trailer
courts, mobile home parks or similar establishments. A semipublic spa includes a
spa that is operated by a neighborhood or community association for the residents
of the community and their guests and any spa at a country club, health club,
camp or similar establishment where the primary business of the establishment is
not the operation of a spa and where the use of the spa is included in the fee for
the primary use of the establishment.
(62) “Semipublic swimming pool” means a swimming pool operated for the residents
of lodgings such as hotels, motels, resorts, apartments, condominiums, townhouse
complexes, trailer courts, mobile home parks, or similar establishments. A
semipublic pool includes a swimming pool that is operated by a neighborhood or
community association for the residents of the community and their guests and a
swimming pool at a country club, camp or similar establishment where the
primary business of the establishment is not the operation of a swimming pool
and where the use of the swimming pool is included in the fee for the primary use
of the establishment.
(63) “Shallow area” means the portion of a swimming pool that is five (5) feet or less
in depth.
(64) “Service animal” means an animal such as a guide dog, signal dog or other animal
individually trained to provide assistance to an individual with a disability.
(65) “Shock treatment” means adding chlorine to water in an amount sufficient to
destroy ammonia, nitrogenous and organic contaminants in the water by elevating
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the free chlorine residual to a level 10 times the combined chlorine reading in
parts per million.
(66) “Slime” means a glutinous or viscous liquid matter.
(67) “Slip resistant” means a surface that has a static coefficient of friction (wet or dry)
of at least 0.50.
(68) “Spa” means an artificial basin, chamber or tank of irregular or geometric shell
design that is intended only for bathing or soaking and that is not drained, cleaned
or refilled for each user. A spa may include features such as hydrotherapy jet
circulation, hot water, cold water, mineral baths or an air induction system.
Industry terminology includes “hydrotherapy pool,” “whirlpool”, “hot tub” and
“therapy pool”.
(69) “SPAC” is an abbreviation for Swimming Pools Advisory Committee.
(70) “Special use pool” means a swimming pool intended for competitive aquatic
events, aquatic exercise or lap swimming. A special use pool includes a wave
action pool, exit pool for a water slide, swimming pool that is part of an attraction
at a water recreation park, water volleyball pool or a swimming pool with special
features used for training and instruction.
(71) “Spray pond” means an artificially constructed special use pool into which water
is sprayed but not allowed to accumulate.
(72) “Suction outlet” means the aperture or fitting through which water is withdrawn
from a swimming pool or spa.
(73) “Suction piping” means the water circulation system piping that carries water
from the swimming pool or spa to the filter.
(74) “Swimming pool” and/or “Pool” shall mean an artificial basin, chamber or tank,
constructed and used, or intended to be used, for swimming, diving or bathing. A
bathing place less than two (2) acres (87,120 square feet) shall meet the criteria
for swimming pools.
(75) “SVRD” is an abbreviation for Safety Vacuum Release Device.
(76) “SVRS” is an abbreviation for Safety Vacuum Release System.
(77) “Total alkalinity” means the measurements of the carbonates, bicarbonates and
hydroxides in the water, which if insufficient, may cause the pH to be unstable
and produce corrosive conditions. Conversely, if the total alkalinity is too high,
scale could be formed.
(78) “Turnover rate” means the number of hours required to circulate a volume of
water equal to the capacity of the swimming pool or spa.
(79) “User” means a person who uses any bathing place included in Chapter VI or uses
adjoining deck area.
(80) “Variance” means a written document issued by the Department that authorizes a
modification or waiver of one or more requirements of this Code if, in the opinion
of the Department, a health hazard, safety or nuisance will not result from the
modification or waiver.
(81) “Wading pool” means a shallow pool used or intended to be used primarily for
wading by small children.
(82) “Water circulation system” means an arrangement of mechanical equipment
connected to a swimming pool or spa by piping in a closed loop that directs water
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from the swimming pool or spa to the filtration and disinfection equipment and
returns the water to the swimming pool or spa.
(83) “Water circulation system components” means the mechanical components that
are part of a water circulation system of a swimming pool or spa, including
pumps, filters, valves, surface skimmers, ion generators, electrolytic chlorine
generators, ozone process equipment and chemical feeding equipment.
(84) “Water level”. The water level referred to in these standards shall be established
in one of the following ways:
(a) The water level shall be deemed to fall in the midpoint of the operating
range of the skimmers; or
(b) On pools with overflow systems, the level shall be deemed to be that
established by the height of the overflow rim.
REGULATION 2. Approval of Plans and Construction Required
a. A person shall obtain design approval from the Department prior to starting
construction of a new public or semipublic swimming pool, spa, wading pool, or
special use pool, changing in use from a semipublic swimming pool to a public
swimming pool, changing in use from a private residential swimming pool to a
public or semipublic swimming pool, or beginning major modifications to an
existing public or semipublic swimming pool or spa. For purposes of this
subsection, major modifications include a change to:
1. The shape; or
2. The depth; or
3. The water circulation system; or
4. The enclosure; or
5. Resurfacing the pool interior or deck; or
6. Adding a water feature or planter; or
7. The disinfection system; or
8. The installation of diving equipment.
At a public or semipublic swimming pool an appropriately licensed contractor,
Architect, or Professional Engineer shall submit plans for a major modification.
b. The owner shall make an Application for Approval to Construct any proposed
bathing place and shall be submitted to the Department on forms furnished by the
Department. Such application for approval shall accompany the plans, when
required, and specifications at the time of submission to the Department for
review.
c. The operator/owner of a previously approved bathing place as defined in these
regulations, intending to change the nature of the classification from public to
semipublic or from semipublic to public must demonstrate, to the satisfaction of
the Department, that the facility meets all requirements of these regulations as
related to the desired classification. If any additional construction or modification
of the facility shall be required, plans and specifications of the proposed facility
shall be submitted for approval as required in Chapter VI, Section 1, Regulation 2, b.
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d. Plans and specifications shall be submitted to the Department with the appropriate
fees as listed in Chapter I of the Maricopa County Environmental Health Code at
least 30 days prior to the date upon which action is desired. Plan documents
submitted for approval to construct shall include a general plot plan, plans and
specifications showing the pool shape, dimensions, water treatment and pumping
facilities, piping arrangement and sizes, source of water supply, method of
disposal of wastes, and all pertinent data upon which the design is based on and
shall include capacities of the various units, safety equipment, architectural
drawings for fencing, water features and other information necessary to permit a
clear and full understanding of the proposed project. Where required, detailed
plans of bathhouses, dressing rooms, toilets, recreational and other pool
appurtenances shall be included.
e. All plans and specifications submitted to the Department for approval shall be
prepared by, or under the supervision of, a currently registered Arizona
Professional Engineer or Architect, or a swimming pool contractor with the
following licenses (per project type) as listed in the table below, who shall certify
that the plans comply with these regulations and criteria contained in the
swimming pool design policies.
PROJECT TYPE
R.O.C. LICENSE REQUIRED
Any and all projects, all new construction
A-9, A-19, KA-5, KA-6
Safety vacuum release system, plumbing and
equipment replacement
K-37, K-77, L37, L-77
Resurface and drain split/plumbing
A-9, A-19, KA-5, KA-6
Deck replacement only
K-9, L-9
Fence only
As required by Arizona Registrar
of Contractors
f. All work shall conform to approved plans and specifications. Should it be
necessary or desirable to make any changes in the approved plans and
specifications of the proposed work, revised plans and specifications, together
with a written statement of the reasons for such change, shall be submitted to the
Department for review. The Application for Approval to Construct must be
obtained in writing before the work affected by the change is undertaken.
g. The Department will, upon receipt from the applicant of reasonable advance
notice of readiness to, make necessary inspections to determine that the pool
piping system, and thereafter the complete pool circulation, purification, and
waste systems are in compliance with these regulations. The piping system shall
be left open and exposed until the Department has examined and approved the
system in writing. The complete pool, including circulation, purification and
waste systems shall be deemed acceptable only after examination and issuance of
written approval of construction by the Department.
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h. The design, operation and maintenance of bathing places shall be in conformance
with these regulations and criteria contained in the Department swimming pool
design policy.
i. Before Approval of Construction shall be given for the operation of a bathing
place, the swimming pool contractor or a currently registered engineer or architect
shall certify that the completed bathing place is constructed in accordance with
the approved plans and specifications.
REGULATION 3. Permit Required
No public or semipublic bathing place shall be maintained or operated in Maricopa
County without a valid operating permit issued by the Department. The permit shall be
displayed in a conspicuous place on the premises where the public may readily observe it.
No permit shall be issued until the applicable permit fee has been rendered. Permit fees are
listed in Chapter I, Regulation 5 of the Environmental Health Code. If the operating permit
for a bathing place is determined by the department to be invalid due to permit revocation
or the permit has been allowed to lapse for a period greater than (1) year, the bathing place
shall comply with the current Environmental Health Code in order to qualify for an
operating permit
REGULATION 4. Instructions
Before entering a pool, all persons shall be instructed, by means of suitable,
clearly lettered signs properly located, to observe all safety regulations. The signs shall
contain, at a minimum, all of the following:
a. Persons with sore or inflamed eyes, colds, nasal or ear discharges, boils or other
acute or obvious skin or body infections, or cuts shall be excluded from the pool.
b. No glassware allowed within the pool enclosures.
c. No animals allowed except for service animals.
d. No drinks, candy, tobacco, popcorn, gum, alcohol, or food of any kind shall be
permitted in the pool or within the required walkways of the pool
e. Keep gate(s) closed – do not prop open.
f. Shower and use the toilet before entering the pool.
g. If incontinent, wear tight fitting rubber or plastic pants or a swim diaper.
h. Observe all safety regulations.
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REGULATION 5. Attire and Towels, etc.
a. Bathing attire, towels, linens and similar articles shall be clean, dry and sanitary
when provided to patrons.
b. The provision of towels, drinking cup, combs, hairbrushes, soap and other similar
items for use in common by the public is prohibited.
REGULATION 6. Excluded
Persons with sore or inflamed eyes, colds, nasal or ear discharges, boils or other
acute or obvious skin or body infections, or cuts shall be excluded from the pool. No
person in or at a swimming pool shall commit, or be permitted to commit, any act
prejudicial to the life or health of any other person using the pool. Animals shall be
excluded from the pool enclosure, except for service animals. All animals shall be
excluded from bathing in the pool.
REGULATION 7. Drinking Water
Drinking water from an approved source and dispensed through one (1) or more
drinking fountains shall be located on the deck of each public swimming pool or spa.
REGULATION 8. Concessions
No drinks, candy, tobacco, popcorn, gum, alcohol, or food of any kind shall be
permitted in the pool or within ten (10) feet of a public bathing place or within four (4) feet
of a semipublic bathing place.
a. No food or drink of any kind shall be allowed in the pool or within the required
walkways of the bathing place.
b. Food and drink will be allowed within the pool enclosure but outside the area
noted in Chapter VI, Section 1, Regulation 8, a., provided that only paper or
plastic service is used. No glass is permitted within the pool or spa enclosure.
REGULATION 9. Operation
All bathing place facilities shall at all times be operated and maintained in a clean,
safe and sanitary condition. The owner of a bathing place shall close that facility if any of
the following conditions exist:
1. Absence of an approved disinfectant;
2. Violation of the physical standards of Section 2, Regulation 5;
3. Filtration system is inoperative;
4. Mechanical disinfectant feeder is missing, inoperative, or malfunctioning;
5. Broken or missing main drain covers or other suction outlet covers;
6. When required, lifeguards are not present or the required number of lifeguards is
not present;
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7. Gates are not self-closing and self-latching or there is a breach of the pool
enclosure;
8. Leaking gas chlorinator;
9. Absence of all safety equipment;
10. Electrical wires over the pool;
11. Broken glass in the pool area;
12. Any other operational condition which may cause injury or present a danger to the
public health.
REGULATION 10. Violations
Any person, firm, or corporation who builds, offers for sale or operates a bathing
place contrary to these regulations shall be subject to prosecution as provided by law.
REGULATION 11. Retroactive Provisions
Permitted pools that were constructed prior to the effective date of this code shall
meet the operational requirements of this code as listed in Chapter VI, Section 1,
Regulation 9 and the Structural Provisions in Chapter VI, Section 1, Regulation 12.
REGULATION 12. Retroactive Structural Provisions
a. Retroactive main drain requirements:
1. The owners of all public and semipublic swimming pools, which were
under a valid operating permit on the effective date of this Environmental
Health Code and equipped with a single main drain, shall:
(a) Install a properly sized anti-vortex, anti-entrapment drain cover
that complies with ANSI/ASME A112.19.8M, “Suction Fittings
for Use In Swimming Pools, Spas, Hot Tubs And Whirlpool
Bathtub Appliances” on all suction outlets by May 1, 2004.
(b) Install a hydraulically balanced dual main drain at the time the
pool is resurfaced. If the pool or spa is not resurfaced and
hydraulically balanced dual main drains are not installed, the
owner shall install a Safety Vacuum Release Device (SVRD) or
Safety Vacuum Release System (SVRS) that meets ANSI/ASME
A112-19 Standards or equivalent by January 1, 2014.
(c) Install other devices or means as approved by the Department by
no later than January 1, 2014.
b. Retroactive fencing requirements for public pools:
1. Public swimming pools, special use pools, spas and wading pools who hold a
valid operating permit on the effective date of this code that meet the
requirements in Appendix C and shall comply with fencing requirements in
Chapter VI, Section 6, Regulation 11 by January 1, 2014.
2. Public swimming pools, special use pools, spas and wading pools who hold a
valid operating permit on the effective date of this code that do not meet the
requirements in Appendix C on the effective date of this code shall comply with
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fencing requirements in Chapter VI, Section 6, Regulation 11 by January 1, 2005.
c. Retroactive fencing requirements for Semipublic pools:
1. Semipublic swimming pools, special use pools, spas and wading pools who hold a
valid operating permit on the effective date of this code that meet the
requirements in Appendix D on the effective date of this code shall comply with
fencing requirements in Chapter VI, Section 7, Regulation 2 by January 1, 2014.
2. Semipublic swimming pools, special use pools, spas and wading pools who hold a
valid operating permit on the effective date of this code that do not meet the
requirements in Appendix D on the effective date of this code shall comply with
fencing requirements in Chapter VI, Section 7, Regulation 2 by January 1, 2005.
d. Retroactive diving board requirements:
All public and semipublic swimming pools and special use pools who hold a valid
operating permit on the effective date of this code, constructed prior to February 1, 1998,
and having met the requirements of the code for a diving board in force at the time of
construction may continue to operate a diving facility under the following conditions:
1. The pool was approved for construction prior to February 1, 1998.
2. The height of the diving board above the water surface shall be limited to a
maximum of ten (10) feet (three (3) meters).
3. If the pool and diving board do not meet the dimensional requirements in
Appendix A or Appendix B, diving must be under the direct supervision of a
lifeguard or other responsible party and the pool owners shall provide and
maintain on file with Maricopa County a current certificate of publicliability
insurance documenting minimum limits of seven million dollars ($7 million)
combined single limit for bodily injury and property damage liability. The
certificate must further clearly indicate that Maricopa County is an additional
insured and that no changes or modifications shall become effective in the
coverage without 30 days prior written notice submitted to the Department.
e. Retroactive vacuum outlet requirements:
Public and semipublic swimming pools, special use pools, spas, and wading pools that hold
a valid operating permit on the effective date of this code shall comply with Chapter VI,
Section 3, Regulation 9 by January 1, 2005.
REGULATION 13. Variance
a. Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to allow the Environmental Health Officer to consider
granting a variance from those parts of Chapter VI, which are more restrictive than AAC
R18-5-2 and/or AAC R9-8-8. This would be possible when there exists an unusual or
unreasonable hardship resulting from a literal interpretation of this Code, provided that
the alternative method or work offered conforms to the general intent of this Code. The
application for variance and the decision of the Environmental Health Officer shall be in
writing and shall be officially recorded within the records of the Department.
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b. Conditions for Variance
1. Any person may request a Variance to Chapter VI of this Code when it is claimed
that:
(a) The true intent of the Codes or Ordinances described in this Code has been
incorrectly interpreted by the Department; or
(b) A decision by the Department is unreasonable or arbitrary when it is
applied to alternate or new materials.
2. The Swimming Pool Advisory Committee may recommend that the
Environmental Health Officer issue a Variance only after the Committee has
determined that:
(a) Special circumstances or conditions apply to this permit application; and
(b) Authorizing of the Variance is necessary for the preservation and
enjoyment of substantial property rights; and
(c) Authorizing of the variance will not be materially detrimental to persons
residing or working in the vicinity, to adjacent property, to the
neighborhood or to the public safety and welfare in general; and
(d) Granting of the variance will be in harmony with the purposes sought to
be attained by the Codes or Ordinances.
3. If the applicant for the variance is dissatisfied with the decision of the
Environmental Health Officer, the applicant may appeal to the Board of Health
whose decision shall be final, except that any person aggrieved by a decision of
the Board of Health may at any time, within 30 days after the filing of the Board
of Health’s decision, file an appeal with the Superior Court of Maricopa County
by following the various methods of appeal or review procedures in Arizona as
set forth in the applicable statutes of the State of Arizona.
4. Such appeals shall be presented to the Secretary of the Board of Health in writing
within 30 days after the filing of the decision of the Environmental Health Officer
or the Environmental Health Officer may refer the appeal to the committee.
c. Swimming Pools Advisory Committee (SPAC)
1. Structure:
(a) There shall be and is hereby created, a Swimming Pool Advisory
Committee, hereinafter called “Committee”, consisting of five members,
who are residents of Maricopa County and citizens of the United States,
and composed of and consisting of a representative of the industries,
trades, and professions as follows:
(1) Swimming Pool Building Contractor
(1) Swimming Pool Service and Repair Contractor or Swimming Pool
Industry Member
(1) Certified Safety Professional
(1) Professional Engineer
(1) Health Professional
(b) The members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Chairperson of
the Board of Health for a term of three (3) years. The initial terms of
office shall be as follows:
(i) One member shall be appointed for a term of three (3) years;
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(ii) Two members for a term of two (2) years;
(iii) Two members for a term of one (1) year.
(c) Upon expiration of the initial term of office of a member of the
Committee, their successors shall then be appointed for a term of three (3)
years.
(d) Continued absence of any member from three (3) consecutive regular
meetings of the Committee shall render any such member liable for
immediate removal from office. Removal shall be at the discretion of the
Board of Health.
(e) Vacancies for an unexpired term shall be filled by the Chairperson of the
Board of Health.
(f) The members of the Committee shall serve without salary or
compensation.
(g) The Environmental Health Officer or his designate shall attend all
meetings and furnish secretarial services for the Committee.
2. Duties and Responsibilities:
(a) It shall be the duty of the Committee to hear appeals from the decision of
the Department staff and to submit findings to the Environmental Health
Officer.
(b) The duties and powers of this Committee shall be in an advisory capacity
only.
3. Procedures:
(a) The Committee shall annually elect one (1) of its members to serve as
Chairperson.
(b) The Environmental Health Officer shall designate an administrative
support from the Department to serve as Recording Secretary to the
Committee, who shall keep a detailed record of all proceedings on file in
the Department and perform other secretarial duties as required by the
Board.
(c) Special Committee meetings may be called by the Environmental Health
Officer or at the request of the Chairperson or any three (3) members of
the Committee.
(d) Three (3) voting members of the Committee shall constitute a quorum.
(e) Public Hearings:
(i) Any person dissatisfied with a decision of the Department staff
may request a hearing before the Committee at any time prior to
closure of the file. The Environmental Health Officer may call a
special meeting to hear this matter. Such a meeting shall be held
within thirty (30) days of the date the appeal is filed.
(ii) All hearings shall be open and public and any person whose
interest may be affected by a recommendation of the Committee
shall be given an opportunity to be heard.
(iii) The Committee shall render all recommendations in writing to the
Environmental Health Officer. The Environmental Health Officer
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shall render a final decision within ten (10) days of receiving the
Committee recommendations.
(iv) The applicant may waive a hearing by the Committee and appeal
directly to the Environmental Health Officer. The Environmental
Health Officer will in such cases render a decision within ten (10)
days of the date that the appeal is filed.
(v) The applicant shall include a fee with the written Swimming Pool
Advisory Committee appeals as shown in the Fee Schedule in
Chapter I of this Code.
(f). Conflict of Interest:
No member of the Committee shall vote on any question concerning a job
or project in which that member is engaged as contractor or material
dealer, or in the preparation of plans or specifications, or on any job or
project in which that member has any direct or indirect personal or
financial interest. In these instances, that member shall also make full
disclosure of his or her interest to the Committee.
REGULATION 14. Inspections
a. An inspector from the Department, upon presentation of credentials, may enter into any
public or semipublic swimming pool or spa to determine compliance with this code. The
inspector may inspect records, equipment and facilities, take photographs and take other
action reasonably necessary to determine compliance with this Code.
b. The owner or manager of a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa may accompany
the inspector during an inspection.
c. An inspector from the Department may inspect a public or semipublic swimming pool or
spa during reasonable working or operational hours without giving prior notice of the
inspection to the owner or operator of the swimming pool or spa.
REGULATION 15. Applicability
a. This code applies to all public and semipublic bathing places included in Chapter VI
(Bathing Places - Public and Semipublic Swimming Pools) of Maricopa County
Environmental Health Code.
b. Section 11 of this code applies to natural and semi-artificial bathing places.
c. Section 12 of this code applies to artificial bathing lakes.
d. This code does not apply to any of the following:
1. A private residential swimming pool or spa;
2. A swimming pool or spa used for medical treatment or physical therapy and
supervised by licensed medical personnel;
3. Swimming pools and spas constructed and operated by the State of Arizona;
4. Swimming pools and spas constructed and operated by the United States
government; or
5. A spray pond that utilizes potable water and does not have a recirculation system.
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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 2
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
REGULATION 1. Quality of Water
Swimming pool water shall be treated and maintained so that whenever the swimming pool is open
for use, the bacterial, chemical and physical quality of the water meets the standards set forth in
these regulations.
REGULATION 2. Water Source
An operator of a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa shall ensure that the swimming pool
or spa is filled only with potable water from an approved source.
REGULATION 3. Bacterial Standards
Not more than 15 percent (15%) of the water samples collected from a pool shall:
a. Contain more than 200 bacteria per milliliter as determined by the standard (35°C [95ºF])
agar plate count, or
b. Show a confirmed positive test for coliform organisms in any of the five (5) - ten (10)
milliliter portions of a sample or more than one (1) coliform organism per 50 milliliters
when the membrane filter test is used. All samples shall be collected, de-chlorinated, or
similarly neutralized when another disinfectant is used, and examined in accordance with
the procedures outlined in the latest edition of "Standard Methods for the Examination of
Water and Wastewater". The Department may collect, or require the owner to collect and
submit water samples for bacteriological examination on a routine basis while it is in
active use.
REGULATION 4. Chemical Standards
Pools and spas shall be continuously disinfected by an approved means, which will maintain an
adequate and readily measurable residual of disinfectant in the water.
a. Whenever chlorine, or a chlorine compound, is employed for pool disinfection the amount
of free chlorine residual in the water shall not be less than 1.0 ppm or more than 5.0 ppm for
public and semipublic swimming pools, and shall not be less than 3.0 ppm or more than 5.0
ppm for a hydrotherapy pool, at a pH of 7.2 to 7.8.
b. Bromine disinfection equipment for a public or semipublic swimming pool shall be
designed to maintain a bromine residual of 2.0 ppm to 4.0 ppm. Bromine disinfection
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equipment for a public or semipublic spa shall be designed to maintain a bromine residual
of 3.0 ppm to 5.0 ppm.
c. Total alkalinity shall be maintained between 60 ppm and 180 ppm.
Whenever chlorinated isocyanurates or isocyanuric acid is applied to the water for
stabilization, a level of 100 ppm or less shall be maintained. The procedure for
determination of free chlorine residual shall be by the DPD method or any of the other
procedures outlined in the latest edition of "Standard Methods for Examination of Water or
Wastewater".
REGULATION 5. Physical Standards
a. The surface of the pool water shall be kept free of scum and floating debris. The bottom
and sides shall be maintained free of sediment, dirt, slime and algae. Water shall be
maintained free of turbidity and shall be sufficiently clear so that the main drain outlet is
clearly visible to an adult standing on the pool deck, or that a Secchi Disk 200 mm in
diameter when placed at the bottom of the pool at the deepest point is clearly visible to an
adult standing on the pool deck.
b. The temperature of heated water coming into a bathing place shall not exceed 104°F
(40°C).
REGULATION 6. Tests
All pools shall be equipped with approved test equipment to determine pH, disinfectant residual,
total alkalinity and temperature. The chemical disinfection level, pH, total alkalinity, and
temperature of the water shall be tested at least once daily and an operating log that includes the
results of these tests shall be maintained for 12 months and made available to the Department,
any other regulatory authorities, or a member of the public upon request.
REGULATION 7. Fecal Contamination in Public and Semipublic Swimming Pools and
Spas
a. If solid feces are found in a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa, an operator of
the swimming pool or spa shall ensure that:
1. Each individual in the swimming pool or spa is required to exit the swimming
pool or spa and the swimming pool or spa is closed,
2. The feces in the swimming pool or spa are removed and disposed of in a toilet;
3. The chemical disinfection level of the water in the swimming pool or spa is tested
to determine whether the water complies with the water quality and disinfection
standards in Section 2, Regulation 4; and
4. The swimming pool or spa is not reopened until a test conducted under
Subsection a., 3. indicates that the water complies with the water quality and
disinfection standards in Section 2.
b. If liquid feces are found in a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa, an operator of
the swimming pool or spa shall ensure that:
1. Each individual in the swimming pool or spa is required to exit the swimming
pool or spa and the swimming pool or spa is closed;
2. The swimming pool or spa is closed for at least 24 hours;
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3. As much of the liquid feces as possible in the swimming pool or spa is removed
and disposed of in a toilet;
4. The swimming pool or spa is chemically treated with a shock treatment;
5. The water in the swimming pool or spa is tested 24 hours after applying the shock
treatment to determine whether the water complies with the water quality and
disinfection standards in Section 2; and
6. The swimming pool or spa is not reopened until a test conducted under
Subsection b., 5. indicates that water complies with the water quality and
disinfection standards in Section 2, Regulation 4.
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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 3
GENERAL DESIGN STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS
REGULATION 1. Materials
a. A public or semipublic swimming pool or spa shall be constructed of concrete or other
structurally rigid material that is equivalent in strength and durability to concrete, except
that a public or semipublic spa may be constructed of fiberglass or acrylic.
b. A surface within a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa intended to provide
footing for users shall have a slip-resistant surface. The roughness or irregularity of the
surface shall not cause injury or discomfort to users' feet during normal use.
c. The materials and construction of a public or semipublic swimming pool shall be sound,
durable and, where required, waterproof. The pool shall be constructed of materials that are
rigid, nontoxic, smooth, free from cracks, easily cleanable and finished in white, pastel or
other light colors. The color, pattern or finish of the interior of a public or semipublic
swimming pool or spa shall not obscure objects, surfaces within the swimming pool or
spa, debris, sediment or algae. Corners shall be rounded. Pool linings, specifically plastic
and similar linings, and finishes not totally bonded to the pool sides and bottom are
prohibited.
REGULATION 2. Shape
a. A public or semipublic swimming pool or spa may be any shape except that the designer
shall shape a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa to minimize hazards to users
and provide adequate circulation of swimming pool or spa water.
b. There shall be no protrusions, extensions, means of entanglement or other obstructions in
a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa that may cause entrapment of or injury to
the user. This subsection does not prohibit water features such as water fountains, slides,
water play equipment or water volleyball and basketball nets.
c. Where a racing lane terminates in a swimming pool, the wall shall be plumbed to a
minimum depth of five (5) feet below the waterline. Below the five (5)-foot depth, the
wall shall be radiused to join the floor.
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d. The minimum average width of a semipublic pool shall be 14 feet. The average width
shall be calculated by dividing the surface area by the total length of the pool as noted in
Appendix B.
e. Coping or cantilevered deck may project from a swimming pool or spa wall to provide a
handhold for users. The coping or deck shall be rounded, have a slip-resistant surface
and shall not exceed three and one-half (3½) inches in thickness. The overhang of the
coping or deck shall not exceed two (2) inches or be less than one (1) inch. All corners
created by coping or cantilevered deck shall be rounded in both the vertical and
horizontal dimensions to eliminate sharp corners.
f. Floors:
1. The slope of the floor of a public or semipublic swimming pool, from the end wall
in the shallow area towards the deep area to the point of the first slope change,
shall be uniform and shall not exceed one (1) foot of fall in ten (10) feet. The
floor slope in a public or semipublic spa shall not exceed one (1) foot of fall in ten
(10) feet.
2. The floor slope of a public or semipublic swimming pool, from the point of the
first slope change to the deepest part of the swimming pool, shall not exceed one
(1) foot of fall in three (3) feet.
For public or semipublic swimming pools, the depth of the swimming pool at the
point of the first slope change shall be a minimum of five (5) feet.
3. All portions of a swimming pool or spa floor shall slope towards a main drain.
4. The transitional radius where the floor of a public or semipublic swimming pool
joins a wall shall comply with all the following:
(a) The center of the radius shall be no less than three (3) feet below the
waterline in the deep area or two (2) feet below the waterline in the
shallow area,
(b) The radius shall be tangent at the point where the radius meets the wall or
floor, and
(c) The radius shall be equal to or greater than the depth of the swimming
pool minus the vertical wall depth measured from the waterline minus
three (3) inches.
REGULATION 3. Fill and Draw Pools
The construction and operation of fill and draw pools is prohibited.
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REGULATION 4. Water Recirculation and Filtering System
General - The water recirculation system, consisting primarily of piping, pumps, filters, water
conditioning and disinfecting equipment, together with other standard accessory equipment, shall be
adequate to clarify and disinfect the entire contents of the pool within eight (8) hours or less. Water
withdrawn shall not be returned to the pool unless it has been filtered and otherwise treated in an
approved manner except that water may be withdrawn from a swimming pool for a water slide or
a water feature without being filtered or disinfected as approved by the Department.
a. The water recirculation system shall consist primarily of piping, pumps, filters, water
conditioning and disinfecting equipment, together with other standard accessory equipment.
Each bathing place shall be provided with a separate and distinct recirculation system.
b. The water recirculation system shall be adequate to filter and disinfect the entire contents of
the pool within eight (8) hours or less. Bypassing chemical feeders or other similar devices
may be exempted from this requirement with the approval of the Department.
c. The water recirculation system shall operate continuously.
d. Seasonal closing of the pool shall be allowed when all of the following exist:
1. A sign is posted that the pool/spa is closed;
2. The gates are locked shut, and
3. The Department is notified in writing of any such closure.
REGULATION 5. Piping
Piping systems shall be:
a. Designed to carry the required quantity of water at a velocity of not more than ten (10) feet
per second when located on the discharge side of a pump, except for copper discharge
piping where the velocity shall not exceed eight (8) feet per second, and not more than six
(6) feet per second when located on the suction side of a pump.
b. Of sufficient strength to withstand 150 percent of normal operating pressures.
c. Made of non-toxic materials.
d. Reasonably resistant to corrosion under conditions of operation.
e. Installed so that pipe and fittings, which pass through the pool structure, shall not project in
a manner, which is hazardous to users of the facility.
f. Comply with the sizes and flow rates shown in the following table unless accompanied by
an approved hydraulic design.
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Maximum Flow Rates (C=140) Schedule 40 PVC
PIPE SIZE 1 1/4" 1 1/2" 2" 2 1/2" 3" 4" 6"
GPM PRESSURE SIDE 25 60 90 140 220 350 800
GPM PRESSURE SIDE, COPPER
20 48 72 96 176 280 640
GPM SUCTION SIDE 15 35 50 80 140 220 450
g. Plastic water circulation piping shall comply with American National Standards
Institute/NSF, International Standard Number 14, "Plastics Piping System Components
and Related Materials," NSF International, 3475 Plymouth Road, P.O. Box 130140, Ann
Arbor, Michigan which is incorporated by reference and on file with the office of the
Secretary of State and the Department.
h. A licensed Arizona contractor shall conduct an induced static hydraulic pressure test of
the water circulation system piping at 25 pounds per square inch for at least 30 minutes.
The pressure test shall be performed before the deck is poured. Pressure in the water
circulation system piping shall be maintained during the deck pour.
i. Piping systems shall be identified by nametags, labels or appropriate colors painted or
located at conspicuous points.
REGULATION 6. Total Dynamic Head
The total dynamic head of the recirculation system shall be calculated. In lieu of calculating the
total dynamic head, the Department may allow the following table to be used:
DISTANCE FROM THE
MAIN DRAIN TO THE
PUMP
TOTAL DYNAMIC
HEAD
(TDH)
1' – 25' 55
26' – 50' 60
51' – 75' 65
76' –100' 70
101' – 125' 75
126' – 150' 80
BEYOND 150'
CALCULATIONS ARE
REQUIRED
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REGULATION 7. Pumps and Motors
a. A pump and motor shall be provided for each water circulation system. The pump shall
be sized to meet but not to exceed the flow rate required for filtering against the total
head developed by the complete water circulation system. The pump shall be sized to
comply with the turnover rates prescribed in Chapter VI, Section 3, Regulation 4 (Pools),
Chapter VI, Section 9, Regulation 2 (Spas), and Chapter VI, Section 8, Regulation 4,
(Wading Pools).
b. Pumps and motors shall be readily and easily accessible for inspection, maintenance, and
repair. When the pump is below the waterline, valves shall be installed on permanently
connected suction and return lines. The valves shall be readily and easily accessible for
maintenance and removal for any of the circulation components.
c. Each motor shall have an open, drip-proof enclosure. Each motor shall be constructed
electrically and mechanically to perform satisfactorily and safely under the conditions of
load in the environment normally encountered in swimming pool or spa installations.
Each motor shall be capable of operating the pump under full load with a voltage
variation of plus or minus ten (± 10%) percent from the nameplate rating. Each motor
shall have thermal or current overload protection to provide locked rotor and running
protection. Thermal or current overload protection may be built into the motor or in the
line starter.
d. The pump shall be equipped with an emergency shut-off switch that is located within the
swimming pool or spa enclosure to cut off power to the water circulation system if
someone is entrapped on a main drain or suction outlet.
e. The emergency shut-off switch must be clearly labeled.
REGULATION 8. Hair Strainer
The recirculation system shall include a removable strainer located upstream from the pump to
prevent solids, debris, hair, lint, etc. from reaching the pump and filters. Strainers shall be of
corrosion-resistant material, with openings having a total area equal to four times the area of the
recirculation pump suction pipe.
REGULATION 9. Pool Water Cleaning System
a. A pool vacuum cleaning system shall be provided for public and semipublic swimming pools
with the exception of hydrotherapy pools.
b. Vacuum outlets shall be provided with covers, which automatically close and automatically
latch and can only be opened with the use of a tool. The covers must be securely closed
and latched when the pool is in use.
c.
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d. The cleaning system provided shall not create a hazard or interfere with the operation or
use of the pool. In integral systems, connections shall be provided in sufficient numbers
and located in the pool walls at least ten (10) inches below the water line. In addition,
automatic or self-cleaning systems may be installed as approved by the Department.
REGULATION 10. Inlets
Adjustable pool wall inlets shall be provided on all pools. Inlets shall be of sufficient number,
properly designed, sized and installed to produce uniform circulation throughout the pool. There
shall be a minimum of six (6) inlets, spaced not more than 15 feet apart as measured along the pool
periphery. At least one (1) inlet shall be located within five (5) feet of each corner and in each step
alcove. Inlets shall be on a closed loop piping system. Where the width of the pool exceeds 30 feet,
bottom returns will also be required. Bottom returns shall be flush with the pool bottom or of such
design as to prevent injury to bathers. Bottom returns will be considered to have an area of
influence described by a radius of 15 feet. Public or semipublic spas with three (3) or more return
inlets shall be on a closed loop piping system.
REGULATION 11. Drains
a. Pools shall be equipped with at least two (2), main drains located in the deepest portion with
centers at least three (3) feet apart and that are constructed to prevent suction entrapment
under all operating conditions. Each drain shall be covered by an anti-vortex cover or an
approved grate that has a minimum diagonal measurement of 24 inches, which is not readily
removable by bathers and has safe openings of at least four (4) times the area of the drain
pipe. Each drain pipe connection shall be under the center of the drain cover.
b. Drains shall be spaced at intervals of not greater than one (1) each 20 feet of pool width in
the deepest portion and not more than 15 feet from each side wall.
c. A minimum of two (2) suction outlets shall be provided for each pump in a suction outlet
system for a public or semipublic pool or spa. The suction outlets shall be separated by a
minimum of three (3) feet or located on two (2) different planes (i.e. one suction outlet on
the bottom and one (1) on a vertical wall or one (1) suction outlet each on two (2)
separate vertical walls) as long as the three (3) foot separation is always maintained. The
suction outlets shall be plumbed to draw water through them simultaneously through a
common line to the pump. Suction outlets shall be plumbed to eliminate the possibility
of entrapping suction, and be equipped with an approved anti-vortex cover.
d. The total velocity of water through grate openings of the drain shall not exceed one and
one-half (1 1/2) feet per second.
e. No check valve may be installed between a suction outlet and a pump.
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REGULATION 12. Flow Meter
A public swimming pool shall be equipped with a flow meter that indicates the rate of backwash
through the filter. The flow meter shall be installed between the pump and the filter on a straight
section of pipe in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications in a location where it can be
read easily. The flow meter shall measure the rate of flow through the filter in gallons per
minute and shall be accurate to within five (5) percent under all conditions of flow. The flow
meter shall have an indicator with a range of at least 150 percent of the normal flow rate.
REGULATION 13. Sight Glass
Pressure filter systems shall be equipped with a sight glass installed on the waste discharge pipe.
REGULATION 14. Air Relief Valves
Pressure-type filters shall be equipped with a means to release internal pressure. Each pressure
filter shall be equipped with an air relief piping system connected at an accessible point near the
crown. Automatic air relief systems may be used instead of manual systems. The design of a
filter with an automatic air relief system as its principal means of air release shall include lids
that provide a slow and safe release of pressure. The design of a separation tank used in
conjunction with any filter tank shall include a manual means of air release or a lid which
provides a slow and safe release of pressure as it is opened.
REGULATION 15. Access to Equipment
Filters shall be designed, located and constructed to permit removal of filter manhole covers or
heads for inspection purposes and replacement or repair of the filter elements or media. No filter or
filtration system shall be installed beneath the surface of the ground or within any enclosure without
adequate provision of access for inspection and maintenance.
REGULATION 16. Filtration Rate - Sand
The rate of filtration in high-rate sand filters shall not exceed an equivalent of 20 gallons per-minute
per-square foot. Sufficient surface area of filter media shall be provided to achieve this rate.
REGULATION 17. Filtration Rate - Diatomaceous Earth
The rate of filtration of diatomaceous earth filters shall not exceed two (2) gallons per-minute per-
square foot of effective surface area.
REGULATION 18. Filtration Rate - Cartridge Type
The rate of filtration of cartridge filters shall not exceed 0.375 gallons per-minute per-square foot.
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REGULATION 19. Acceptable Filters
Swimming pool and spa filters shall comply with American National Standards Institute/NSF
International Standard Number 50, “Circulation System Components and Related Materials for
Swimming Pools, Spas / Hot Tubs,” NSF International, 3475 Plymouth Road, P.O. Box 130140,
Ann Arbor, Michigan. Filters shall be designed, located, and constructed to permit removal of
filter manhole covers or heads for inspection, replacement or repair of filter elements or filter
media. No filtration system shall be installed beneath the surface of the ground or within an
enclosure without providing adequate access for inspection and maintenance. The maximum
filtration rate shall not exceed the design flow rate prescribed by the ANSI/NSF Standard 50 for
Commercial Filters. In no case shall the maximum filtration rate exceed the rates specified in
this section.
REGULATION 20. Gauges
Pressure gauges shall be installed on the inlet side of the pump, and the inlet and outlet manifold of
the filters. Such gauges shall read at one (1) pound pressure intervals or in inches of
mercury/vacuum.
REGULATION 21. Cross Connection Control
a. Cross-connections between potable water piping and the recirculation system or water
reservoir of any pool are prohibited. Potable water for make up water purposes may only be
introduced into the reservoir:
1. Across an air gap of at least twice the diameter of the pipe, not less than six (6)
inches above the overflow level. If an over-the-rim spout is used, it shall be
located so that it does not present a tripping hazard; or
2. Three (3) inches above the overflow rim of a float controlled make up water feed
tank; or
3. By a submerged inlet which is properly protected against back siphonage by a
backflow prevention device meeting University of Southern California Foundation
for Cross Connection Control and Hydraulic Research.
b. All sewage from plumbing fixtures, including urinals, toilets, lavatories, showers,
drinking fountains, floor drains and other sanitary facilities shall be disposed of in a
sanitary manner. Filter backwash and wasted swimming pool or spa water shall be
discharged into a sanitary sewer through an approved air gap, an approved subsurface
disposal system or by other means that are approved by the Department. The method of
disposal shall comply with applicable disposal requirements established by a municipal
or other local authority. There shall be no direct physical connection between the sewer
system and the water circulation system of a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa.
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REGULATION 22. Signs
a. Diving equipment is prohibited in a public or semipublic swimming pool that does not
meet the minimum requirements for a diving board in Section 6, Regulation 6, of this
code. If a public or semipublic swimming pool does not meet the dimensional
requirements prescribed in Section 6, Regulation 6 of this code for diving, the owner
shall prominently display at least one (1) sign that cautions users of the swimming pool
that diving is prohibited. The warning sign shall state “CAUTION SHALLOW WATER
NO DIVING” in letters that are four (4) inches or larger or display the international
symbol for no diving. Diving from the deck of a public or semipublic swimming pool
into water that is less than five (5) feet deep shall be prohibited. Warning markers
indicating in words or symbols that diving is prohibited shall be placed on the deck,
adjacent to each water depth marker, within 18 inches of the side of the shallow area of
the swimming pool. A warning marker shall be positioned so that a person standing on
the deck facing the water can read it.
b. All persons shall be instructed before entering the pool, by means of suitable, clearly
lettered signs properly located, to observe all safety regulations.
c. The maximum bathing load for a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa shall be
posted.
d. When food preparation or food service equipment is allowed within the pool enclosure, a
sign is required stating that no glass is allowed in the pool enclosure, that only paper and
plastic service is allowed, and that no food or drink is allowed within four (4) feet of a
semipublic pool or spa edge or ten (10) feet of a public pool or spa edge.
REGULATION 23. Roof Drain Water
Rain water draining from any structure must be diverted away from the swimming pool and pool
deck to a suitable point of disposal.
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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 6
PUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
In addition to complying with the Regulations in Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this Chapter, Public
Swimming Pools shall comply with the following Regulations:
REGULATION 1. Design Standards and Specifications
a. Public pools shall be constructed of concrete or other material impervious to water, which is
equivalent in strength and durability, with a smooth, slip-resistant surface and designed and
built to withstand the anticipated stresses. All corners must be rounded. A white pastel or
other light colored waterproof interior finish, which will withstand repeated brushing,
scrubbing and cleaning shall completely line the pool to the coping. Pool linings not totally
bonded to the pool sides and bottom, such as plastic films and similar linings and finishes,
are prohibited.
b. A pool shall have no projections, protrusions, extensions, means of entanglement or other
obstructions that may cause entrapment of or injury to the user from the pool wall and
floor surfaces. This does not include seats, steps, which may be constructed only in the
shallow end of the pool, and ladders which may be constructed in the deep area(s) of the
pool. The seat, bench and step edges shall be outlined with a sharply contrasting colored tile
or other suitable material which is clearly visible from the edge of the pool adjacent to the
steps. This subsection does not prohibit water features such as slides, water play
equipment or water volleyball and basketball nets.
c. An underwater seat or bench shall:
1. Have edges that are outlined with a sharply contrasting colored tile or other
material that is clearly visible from the deck adjacent to the underwater seat or
bench;
2. Have a slip-resistant surface;
3. Be located outside of the deep area of a swimming pool;
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4. Have a maximum depth of 24 inches below the waterline and a minimum depth of
12 inches below the waterline; and
5. Have a maximum width of 20 inches.
d. Water depth and depth markers:
1. Water depth shall be conspicuously and permanently marked on the walls of the
pool and on the top of the coping or the edge of the deck next to the swimming
pool;
2. Depth markers on a vertical wall shall be positioned to be read from the
waterside;
3. Depth markers that are located on a deck shall be made of slip-resistant materials;
4. Depth markers for a public or semipublic swimming pool shall be installed at
points of maximum and minimum water depth and at all points of slope change;
5. Markings are required at one (1) foot depth intervals to a depth of five (5) feet,
thereafter, depth markers shall be installed at two (2) foot depth intervals;
6. Depth markers shall not be spaced at distances greater than 25 feet;
7. Depth markers shall be located on both sides and at both ends of a public or
semipublic swimming pool; and
8. Depth markers shall be in Arabic numerals with a four (4) inch minimum height.
Arabic numerals shall be of contrasting color to the background.
9. In pools utilized for competitive swimming and training, approach-warning
markings must be installed under the water level on opposite walls at the end of each
swimming lane in the pool. Warning markings must be of uniform color and size on
a background of contrasting uniform color. In addition, they must be clearly visible
in or out of the water at all times from a distance of not less than ten (10) feet.
10. The shallow area of a public swimming pool shall be visually set apart from the
deep area of the pool by a rope and float line. Except for zero depth entries, the
depth in the shallow portion of a pool shall not be less than two (2' 0") feet or greater
than three (3' 0") feet.
e. For the purposes of these Regulations, that portion of a swimming pool five (5) feet or less
in depth shall be designated as the "non-swimmer" area. That part of the pool deeper than
five (5) feet shall be designated as the "swimming" area. In designing pools and computing
the maximum bathing load for a public or semipublic swimming pool, areas shall be
proportioned as follows:
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1. Ten (10) square feet of pool surface area per bather shall be provided in the "non-
swimmer" area.
2. 24 square feet of pool surface area shall be provided for each swimmer in the
"swimming" area.
3. 300 square feet of pool surface area shall be reserved around each diving board or
diving platform. This reserved area shall not be included in determining the
"swimming" area.
f. The maximum bathing load for a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa shall not be
exceeded.
g. The maximum bathing load for a public swimming pool shall be limited by the number of
users for the toilets, showers, lavatories that are provided in the bathhouses or dressing
rooms prescribed in Section 5, Regulation 1 of this code.
h. The maximum bathing load for a public or semipublic spa shall not exceed the area of the
spa in square feet divided by nine (9) square feet.
i. The maximum bathing load for a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa shall be
posted in the pool enclosure.
REGULATION 2. Overflow Collection Systems
An overflow collection system shall be installed in all public pools.
a. The overflow system shall be designed and constructed so that the level of the pool is
maintained at the mid-point of the operating range of the skimmers.
b. Rim type overflow systems where used shall be installed on at least two (2) opposite sides
and have a total length of at least 50 percent of the perimeter of the pool. The system shall
be capable of carrying 50 percent of the design capacity of the recirculating system. The
surge tank shall be equipped with float controls regulating the main drain, fill line and
overflow. It shall have a capacity in gallons equal to the surface area of the pool measured
in square feet. The surge tank may be incorporated into the gutter.
c. Overflow gutters, where used, shall be installed continuously around pools with the lip of
the gutter level throughout its perimeter. They shall be provided with sufficient opening at
the top and width at the bottom to permit easy cleaning. The gutter bottom shall be pitched
one-quarter (1/4) inch per foot to drainage outlets located at intervals as approved by the
Department. Outlet piping shall be sized to circulate at least 50 percent of the capacity of
the circulating system and have a properly installed approved cover. The surge tank shall be
equipped with float controls regulating the main drain, fill line and overflow. It shall have a
capacity in gallons equal to the surface area of the pool measured in square feet. Stainless
steel gutters and other specialty gutter systems may be used if they are hydraulically
equivalent to overflow gutters.
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d. Skimming devices, where used, shall be recessed into the pool wall and shall be installed to
achieve effective skimming action throughout the pool. Skimmers shall be provided on a
basis of at least one (1) skimmer for each 400 square feet of surface area. The overflow slot
shall be set level and shall not be less than eight (8) inches in width at the narrowest section.
The rate of flow through the skimmers shall be a minimum of 75 percent (75%) of the
recirculation system capacity. Skimmers shall be designed to carry at least 30 GPM per
linear foot of weir throat. A minimum of two (2) skimmers shall be installed in swimming
pools. Where three (3) or more surface skimmers are used, they must be on a closed loop
piping system. At least one (1) surface skimmer shall be located on the side or near the
corner of the swimming pool that is downwind of the area's prevailing winds. Main drain
piping shall be designed to carry at least 50 percent of the design flow.
e. Mixed inlet types, such as, skimmers and gutters are prohibited on the same body of water.
REGULATION 3. Ladders, Steps, and Recessed Treads
At least one (1) set of steps shall be provided in the shallow end of each swimming pool. Where the
deep section is greater than 20 feet in width, two (2) ladders, located on opposite sides of the deep
section are required. A minimum of two (2) means of egress will be required in all pools. There
shall be at least one (1) ladder or stair for each 75 feet of perimeter. Preformed step holes and
suitable handrails may be substituted for ladders. At least one (1) set of steps shall be provided in
the shallow end of each swimming pool.
a. Steps must be permanently marked so as to be clearly visible from above or below the
swimming pool surface. The edges of the steps shall be clearly outlined with a sharply
contrasting colored tile or other material that is clearly visible from the deck adjacent to the
steps. The tile or other material shall be at a minimum, a continuous 1-inch band or 2-inch
square chips spaced no more than 8-inches apart, when measured between the edge of the
chips. Steps shall not project into the pool in a manner, which will create a hazard. Steps
may be constructed only in the shallow area of a public or semipublic swimming pool.
All tread surfaces on steps shall have slip-resistant surfaces. Step treads shall have a
minimum unobstructed horizontal depth of ten (10) inches. Risers shall have a maximum
uniform height of 12 inches, with the bottom riser height allowed to vary plus or minus
two (±2) inches from the uniform riser height. The location of stairs, ladders, and
recessed treads shall not interfere with racing lanes. A set of steps shall be provided in a
public or semipublic spa. Handrails shall be provided at one side or in the center of all
stairways. Handrails shall be installed in such a way that they can be removed only with
tools. A beach entry may be substituted for steps in the shallow end of the pool.
b. A swimming pool ladder shall be equipped with two (2) handrails. All treads on ladders
shall have slip-resistant surfaces. Ladder treads shall have a minimum horizontal depth
of one and one-half (1 1/2) inches. The distance between ladder treads shall range from a
minimum of seven (7) inches to a maximum of 12 inches. Below the waterline, there
shall be a clearance of not more than six (6) inches and not less than three (3) inches
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between any ladders tread edge and the wall as measured from the side of the tread closest to the
wall.
c. Recessed treads with handrails may be substituted for ladders. Recessed treads shall be
pre-formed, readily cleanable, and designed to drain into the swimming pool or spa to
prevent the accumulation of dirt in the recessed treads. Each set of recessed treads shall
be equipped with two (2) handrails. All recessed treads shall have slip-resistant surfaces.
The vertical distance between the swimming pool or spa coping edge or deck and the
uppermost recessed tread shall be a maximum of 12 inches. Recessed treads at the
centerline shall have a uniform vertical spacing of 12 inches maximum and seven (7)
inches minimum. Recessed treads shall be at least five (5) inches deep and 12 inches
wide.
REGULATION 4. Lighting
It is the responsibility of the owner to insure that a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa and
adjacent deck areas shall be lighted by natural or artificial means when in use. A public or
semipublic swimming pool or spa that is intended to be used at night shall be equipped with
artificial lighting that is designed and spaced so that all parts of the swimming pool or spa,
including the bottom, may be seen without glare.
REGULATION 5. Hose Bibbs
Hose bibb(s) shall be provided along the perimeter of the deck so that all parts of the deck may
be washed down. At a minimum, each hose bibb shall be protected against back siphonage with
an atmospheric vacuum breaker. The Department may approve quick-disconnect-style hose
bibb(s)
REGULATION 6. Diving Facilities
a. The dimensions of a diving area in a public or semipublic swimming pool shall comply
with minimum requirements for length, width, depth, area and other dimensions specified
in Appendix A or Appendix B. The diving well profile in Appendix A does not apply to
a special use pool that is intended for competitive diving and has been approved by the
Department pursuant to Chapter VI, Section 10 of this code.
b. Diving equipment shall be permanently anchored to the swimming pool deck.
Equipment shall be rigidly constructed with sufficient bracing to insure stability.
Supports, platforms, steps, and ladders for diving equipment shall be designed to carry
anticipated loads.
c. All diving stands higher than 21 inches, measured from the deck to the top of the board,
shall be provided with stairs or a ladder.
d. Diving equipment shall have a durable finish. The surface finish shall be free of tears,
splinters, or cracks that may be a hazard to users.
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e. Steps and ladders leading to diving boards and diving platforms shall be of corrosion-
resisting materials and shall have slip-resistant tread surfaces. Step treads shall be self-
draining.
f. Diving boards, diving platforms, and starting blocks shall have slip-resistant tread
surfaces.
g. Handrails shall be provided at all steps and ladders leading to diving boards that are one
(1) meter or more above the water.
h. Diving boards and diving platforms that are one (1) meter or higher shall be protected
with guard rails. Guardrails shall be at least 30 inches above the diving board or diving
platform and shall extend to the edge of the swimming pool wall.
i. A label shall be permanently affixed to a diving board and shall include the following:
1. Manufacturer's name and address;
2. Board length; and
3. Fulcrum setting instructions.
j. The maximum diving board height over the water is three (3) meters. The maximum
height of a diving platform over the water is ten (10) meters.
k. Starting blocks shall be located in the deep end of a public swimming pool or where the
depth of the water is at least five (5) feet.
l. There shall be a completely unobstructed clear vertical distance of 13 feet above any
diving board measured from the center of the front end of the board. This clear,
unobstructed vertical space shall extend horizontally at least eight (8) feet behind, eight
(8) feet to each side, and 16 feet ahead of the front end of the board.
REGULATION 7. Lifeguards
a. At all public pools at least one (1) lifeguard shall be on duty for each 2,000 square feet of
pool surface area or 150 bathers or as approved by the Department.
b. Lifeguards shall be in constant attendance during bathing hours and no bathers shall be
permitted in a pool area unless lifeguards are present.
REGULATION 8. Lifeguard Chairs
Each public pool shall have at least one (1) elevated lifeguard chair for each 2,000 square feet of
pool surface area or 150 bathers. The chairs must be located close to the deeper portion of the pool
and provide a clear, unobstructed view of the pool bottom. If a public swimming pool is provided
with more than one (1) lifeguard chair or the width of the public swimming pool is 45 feet or
more, then lifeguard chairs shall be located on each side of the public swimming pool.
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REGULATION 9. Lifesaving and Safety Equipment
Lifesaving and Safety equipment consisting of at least two (2) Coast Guard approved ring buoys,
each with 50 feet of one-fourth (1/4)-inch rope attached, and one (1) shepherd's crook mounted on a
rigid 16-foot pole shall be provided at each public pool. Public swimming pools shall have
lifesaving and safety equipment that is conspicuously and conveniently located and maintained
ready for immediate use at all times.
REGULATION 10. Drinking Water Supply
Drinking water from an approved source and dispensed through one (1) or more approved sanitary
drinking fountains shall be located on the deck of each public pool or spa.
REGULATION 11. Fencing
All public pools, spas and walkways adjacent to such pools shall be enclosed by a durable fence or
wall at least six (6) feet high to provide bather control while the pool is in operation, and to prohibit
any person from using the pool except when a lifeguard is on duty. The height of the fence, wall,
or barrier shall be measured on the side of the barrier, which faces away from the swimming pool
or spa. Fences, walls or artificial barriers shall:
a. Be constructed so as to afford no external handholds or footholds;
b. Be of materials, which are impenetrable by small children, dogs, livestock, etc.;
c. Be a minimum of six (6) foot high above the highest practical foothold, curb, or (in the case
of a combination fence) the base wall;
d. Have openings or spacings of such size that a spherical object four (4) inches in diameter
cannot pass through; and
e. Be equipped with a gate that opens outward from the swimming pool or spa, with a self-
closing and positive self-latching closure mechanism or a locking closure located at or near
the top of the gate and at least 54 inches above the floor.
f. The distance between the horizontal components of a fence shall not be less than 45 inches
apart. The horizontal members shall be located on the interior side of the fence. Spacing or
openings between vertical members shall be of a size that a spherical object four (4) inches
in diameter cannot pass through.
g. The maximum mesh size for a wire mesh or chain link fence shall be 1.25" X 1.25"
(maximum opening area size = 1.56 square inches). The maximum opening formed by
the composed diagonal members shall be no more than 1.75 inches.
h. Masonry or stone walls shall not contain indentations or protrusions except for normal
construction tolerances and tooled masonry joints.
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i. If a wall of a building serves as part of the barrier around a public or semipublic
swimming pool or spa, there shall be no direct access to the swimming pool or spa
through the wall except as follows:
1. Windows leading to the swimming pool or spa area shall be equipped with a
screwed-in place wire mesh screen or a keyed lock that prevents opening the
window more than four (4) inches.
2. A hinged door leading to the swimming pool or spa area shall be self-closing and
shall have a positive self-latching device. The release mechanism of the positive
self-latching device shall be located at least 54 inches above the floor.
3. If an additional set of doors is required by the fire code allowing access to the
swimming pool or spa, they shall be self-closing and self-latching, equipped with
panic bars no less than 54 inches from the floor to the bottom of the bar and
designated "for emergency use only."
4. Sliding doors leading to the swimming pool or spa area are prohibited except for
sliding doors that are self-closing and self-latching.
j. If a barrier is composed of a combination concrete masonry unit and wrought iron, the
wrought iron portion shall be installed flush with the outside vertical surface of the
concrete masonry unit. The space between the wrought iron and the concrete masonry
unit shall be one-half (1/2) inch or less. The vertical members of the wrought iron shall
be spaced four (4) inches on center.
k. An area clear of any type of footholds which could be used to assist in scaling the barrier
must be maintained for a minimum of three (3) feet outside the barrier and so that the
effective height of the barrier is maintained.
l. In addition, the mechanical filtering, disinfection and recirculating equipment must be
protected from tampering by a suitable enclosure or fence.
REGULATION 12. Lifeline
A lifeline shall be installed across each public swimming pool at the point where the floor slope
begins to exceed one (1) foot in ten (10) feet whenever the pool is open for use by the general
public. The lifeline shall be three-fourths (3/4) inch minimum diameter and supported by floats
spaced at intervals not greater than seven (7) feet. The rope and float line shall be securely
fastened to wall anchors that are made of corrosion-resistant materials. The wall anchors shall be
recessed or have no projection that constitutes a hazard when the float line is removed.
REGULATION 13. Wastewater Disposal
All sewage from plumbing fixtures, including urinals, toilets, lavatories, showers, drinking
fountains, floor drains and other sanitary facilities shall be disposed of in a sanitary manner. The
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backwash from filters and wasted pool water may be disposed of, in whole or in part, by other
approved means. The method of disposal shall comply with applicable disposal requirements
established by a municipal or other local authority. There shall be no direct physical connection
between the sewer system and any drain from the pool or recirculation system.
REGULATION 14. Miscellaneous
a. Walkways shall be provided adjacent to the pool and shall:
1. Be at least ten (10) feet wide, continuous and unobstructed except that where diving
boards and platforms are installed the walkway shall extend at least five (5) feet to
each side and behind the board or platform but not less than 15 feet from the pool
wall;
2. Slope away from the pool with a pitch of at least one-fourth (1/4) inch per one (1)
foot to properly located deck drains or other approved points of disposal;
3. Be constructed of concrete or other inorganic material, with a slip-resistant, easily
cleanable finish, free of sharp or jagged edges or surfaces;
4. Be designed to conform to the dimensions shown in Appendix A, as applicable;
5. Have valves that are installed, in or under any deck, to provide a minimum ten
(10) inch diameter access cover and a valve pit to facilitate the repair and
maintenance of the valve;
6. Have joints in decks that are provided to minimize the potential for cracks due to
changes in elevations or movement of the slab. The maximum voids between
adjoining concrete slabs or between concrete slabs and expansion joint material
shall be three-sixteenths (3/16) inch of horizontal clearance with a maximum
difference in vertical elevation of one-fourth (1/4) inch. Areas where the deck
joins concrete shall be protected by expansion joints to protect the swimming pool
or spa from the pressures of relative movements. Construction joints where pool
or spa coping meets the deck shall be watertight and shall not allow water to pass
through to the underlying ground;
7. Have decks that are sloped to effectively drain either to perimeter areas or to deck
drains. Drainage shall remove splash water, deck cleaning water, and rainwater
without leaving standing water. The minimum slope of the deck shall be one-
fourth (1/4) inch per one (1) foot. The maximum slope of the deck shall be one
(1) inch per one (1) foot, except for ramps;
8. Provide site drainage to direct all perimeter deck drainage and general site and
roof drainage away from a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa. Yard
drains may be required to prevent the accumulation or puddling of water in the
general area of the deck and related improvements; and
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9. Have a coping or cantilevered deck that may project from a swimming pool or spa
wall to provide a handhold for users. The coping or deck shall be rounded, have a
slip-resistant surface finish, and shall not exceed three and one-half (3 1/2) inches
in thickness. The overhang of the coping or deck shall not exceed two (2) inches
or be less than one (1) inch.
b. Freeboard shall not exceed eight (8) inches.
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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 7
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
In addition to complying with all the Regulations in Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and Section 6, Regulations
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of this Chapter, Semipublic Swimming Pools shall comply with the following
Regulations:
REGULATION 1. Lifesaving and Safety Equipment
Lifesaving and safety equipment consisting of at least one (1) Coast Guard approved ring buoy with
50 feet of one-fourth (1/4) inch rope attached, and one (1) shepherd's crook mounted on a rigid 16-
foot pole shall be provided at each semi-public pool. Semi-public swimming pools shall have
lifesaving and safety equipment that is conspicuously and conveniently located and maintained
ready for immediate use at each pool at all times.
REGULATION 2. Fencing
a. Semipublic swimming pools, spas and bathing places shall be protected by a fence, wall or
other approved barrier at least five (5) feet high from all parts of the premises not directly
related to the swimming pool, spa or bathing place. The height of the fence, wall, or
barrier shall be measured on the side of the barrier that faces away from the swimming
pool or spa. An area clear of any type of footholds, which could be used to assist in
scaling the barrier, must be maintained for a minimum of three (3) feet outside the barrier
so that the effective height of the barrier is maintained. Fences, walls or artificial barriers
shall:
1. Be constructed so as to afford no external handholds or footholds;
2. Be of materials, which are impenetrable by small children, dogs, livestock, etc.;
3. Have openings or spacings of such size that a spherical object four (4) inches in
diameter cannot pass through;
4 Be equipped with a gate that opens outward from the swimming pool or spa, with
a self-closing and positive self-latching closure mechanism at least 54 inches above
the floor;
5. The distance between the horizontal components of a fence shall not be less than
45 inches apart. The horizontal members shall be located on the interior side of
the fence;
6. The maximum mesh size for a wire mesh or chain link fence shall be 1.25" X
1.25" (maximum opening area size = 1.56 square inches). The maximum opening
formed by the composed diagonal members shall be no more than 1.75 inches.
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7. Masonry or stone walls shall not contain indentations or protrusions except for
normal construction tolerances and tooled masonry joints;
8. If a wall of a building serves as part of the barrier around a semipublic swimming
pool or spa, there shall be no direct access to the swimming pool or spa through
the wall except as follows:
(a) Windows leading to the swimming pool or spa area shall be locked,
preventing opening the window more than four (4) inches;
(b) A hinged door leading to the swimming pool or spa area shall open
outward from the swimming pool or spa, be self-closing and shall have a
positive self-latching mechanism device. The release mechanism of the
self-latching device shall be located at least 54 inches above the floor;
(c) If an additional set of doors is required by the fire code allowing access to
the swimming pool or spa area, they shall be self-closing and positive self-
latching, equipped with panic bars no less than 54 inches from the floor to
the bottom of the bar, or equipped with non-disarmable alarms if fire
codes require panic bar heights lower than 54 inches, and designated "for
emergency use only";
(d) Sliding doors leading to the swimming pool or spa area are prohibited
except for sliding doors that are self-closing and self-latching with the
release mechanism of the self-latching device located at least 54 inches
above the floor.
9. If a barrier is composed of a combination concrete masonry unit and wrought
iron, the wrought iron portion shall be installed flush with the outside vertical
surface of the concrete masonry unit. The space between the wrought iron and
the concrete masonry unit shall be one-half (1/2) inch or less. The vertical
members of the wrought iron shall be spaced four (4) inches on center.
b. The pool enclosure shall not serve as or function as all or part of a residential fence.
c. In addition, the mechanical filtering, disinfection and recirculation equipment must be
protected from tampering by an enclosure or fence as described in this Section, Regulation
2, a. A locked closure can be provided in lieu of a self-closing and positive self-latching
closure.
REGULATION 3. Walkways
a. Walkways shall be provided immediately adjacent to semipublic pools. Walkways shall be
continuous, unobstructed and at least four (4) feet wide. Where diving boards and platforms
are installed, the walkway shall extend at least four (4) feet to each side and behind the board
or platform.
b. Walkways shall slope away from the pool with a pitch of at least one-fourth (1/4) inch per foot
to properly located deck drains or other approved points of disposal.
c. Walkways shall be constructed of concrete or other inorganic material, with a slip-resistant,
easily cleanable finish, free of sharp or jagged edges or surfaces.
d. Design of walkways shall conform to the dimensions shown in Appendix A, as applicable.
e. Any valve that is installed in or under any deck shall provide a minimum ten (10) inch
diameter access cover and a valve pit to facilitate the repair and maintenance of the valve.
f. Joints in decks shall be provided to minimize the potential for cracks due to changes in
elevations or movement of the slab. The maximum voids between adjoining concrete slabs
or between concrete slabs and expansion joint material shall be three-sixteenths (3/16) inch
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of horizontal clearance with a maximum difference in vertical elevation of one-fourth (1/4)
inch. Areas where the deck joins concrete shall be protected by expansion joints to protect
the swimming pool or spa from the pressures of relative movements. Construction joints
where pool or spa coping meets the deck shall be watertight and shall not allow water to
pass through to the underlying ground.
g. Decks shall be sloped to effectively drain either to perimeter areas or to deck drains.
Drainage shall remove splash water, deck cleaning water, and rainwater without leaving
standing water. The minimum slope of the deck shall be (1/4) inch per one (1) foot. The
maximum slope of the deck shall be one (1) inch per one (1) foot, except for ramps.
h. Site drainage shall be provided to direct all perimeter deck drainage and general site and
roof drainage away from a public or semipublic swimming pool or spa. Yard drains may
be required to prevent the accumulation or puddling of water in the general area of the deck
and related improvements.
REGULATION 4. Floor Slope
In water less than five (5) feet in depth, the slope shall not exceed one (1) foot in ten (10) feet.
REGULATION 5. Bathhouses and Dressing Room Facilities
A bathroom with a minimum of one (1) toilet shall be provided for each sex. Each bathroom
shall have at least one (1) lavatory. Soap dispensers for providing either liquid or powdered soap
shall be provided at each lavatory. Soap dispensers shall be made of metal or plastic with no
glass permitted. Establishments operating semi-public pools, that provide clean and sanitary
private rooms, including toilet, body washing and drinking water for all bathers shall be deemed to
have complied with Section 5, Regulation 1.
REGULATION 6. Depth
Except for zero depth entries, the depth in the shallow portion of the pool shall not be less than two
(2' 0") feet or greater than three (3' 0") feet.
REGULATION 7. Freeboard
Freeboard shall not exceed eight (8) inches, except, freeboard may be increased in those cases
where it is desired to provide walls, terraces, etc., provided that the following are complied with:
a. Guard rails or other similar devices must be provided to prevent the raised areas use as a
diving platform;
b. The vertical surface of these sections must be constructed of sound durable inorganic
material, rigid, smooth, and easily cleanable;
c. The horizontal surfaces must comply with the provisions for walkways;
d. The vertical surface area of these sections will be included as surface area of the pool for
determining the type, size, location and numbers of equipment and piping; and
e. The length and height of the section where freeboard is increased shall be limited. The
Department will review each case as unique, and consideration will be given to factors of
safety, exit distance, alternative exits, location, and water depth.
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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 8
WADING POOLS
In addition to complying with the Regulations in Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and Section 6, Regulations
1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this Chapter, Wading Pools shall comply with the following Regulations:
REGULATION 1. Public
a. In public bathing places, wading pools shall be separated from swimming pools by a
minimum four (4) foot high fence or partition with self-closing, self-latching gate to prevent
the direct entrance of waders into the swimming pool area.
b. Public wading pools shall be equipped with chemical controllers and chart recorders capable
of maintaining pH and chlorine levels within the regulated limits.
REGULATION 2. Semipublic
Wading pools shall be separated from semipublic swimming pools by a minimum of four (4) feet of
walkway. A wading pool shall not be located adjacent to the deep area of a semipublic
swimming pool.
REGULATION 3. Depth
Wading pools shall have a maximum depth of 20 inches, the slope of the bottom shall not exceed
one (1) foot in 12 feet, and a non-slip surface shall be provided.
REGULATION 4. Circulation
a. Wading pools shall have a maximum turnover cycle of one (1) hour;
b. All wading pools must have separate equipment from any other pool for water recirculation
and disinfection and there shall be no cross-connection between a wading pool and any
other pool;
c. Wading pools shall be equipped with at least two main drains located in the deepest portion
that are separated by a minimum of three (3) feet. Suction outlets in a wading pool shall be
plumbed so as to eliminate any possibility of entrapping suction. Each drain shall be
covered by an anti-vortex cover, which is not readily removable by bathers and has safe
openings of at least four (4) times the area of the drainpipe.
d. Skimmers shall be provided on the basis of at least one (1) skimmer for each 200 square feet
of wading pool surface area. Skimmer flow rates shall be the same as required for
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swimming pools. Where only one (1) skimmer is provided, the main drain may be
connected through the skimmer;
e. Inlets shall be provided on a basis of at least one (1) for each 15 feet of periphery. Where
three (3) or more inlets are required, they shall be on a closed loop piping system.
REGULATION 5. Drinking Fountains
A sanitary drinking fountain at a height convenient to small children shall be provided at one (1)
side or end of the area. Alternately, a fountain with a raised step, to enable small children to drink
without assistance, may be provided.
REGULATION 6. Depth Markers
A wading pool shall be equipped with depth markers complying with Chapter VI, Section 6,
Regulation 1, of this code.
REGULATION 7. Disinfection
Gaseous chlorine shall not be used for disinfection of water in wading pools.
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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 9
SPAS
In addition to complying with the Regulations in Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and all the Regulations in
Section 6 (except Regulation 9) and Section 7 (except Regulation 1) of this Chapter, Spas shall
comply with the following Regulations:
REGULATION 1. Depth
Spas shall have a maximum depth of 42 inches. The bottom shall have a maximum slope of one (1)
foot in ten (10) feet and be finished with a non-slip surface. A set of entrance steps and handrails
shall be installed. All steps, benches or other projections from the walls shall be outlined on the top
surface edges by a continuous line of sharply contrasting colored tile or other suitable material that
is clearly visible from the edge of the pool.
REGULATION 2. Circulation
Spas shall have a maximum turnover cycle of 30 minutes. A separate water recirculation
and disinfection system from any other pool or spa shall be installed for spas. Therapy
heads or other devices, which create roiling water or other similar effects, may not be
connected to the recirculation system, but must be operated through a separate system.
Dual main drains shall be provided. Skimmers shall be provided at the rate of one (1)
skimmer for each 200 square feet of pool surface. Skimmer flow rates shall be the same
as required for swimming pools. Where only one skimmer is provided, the main drains
may be connected through the skimmer. Inlets shall be provided on a basis of at least one
(1) for each 15 feet of pool periphery. Where three (3) or more inlets are required they
shall be on a closed loop piping system.
REGULATION 3. Walkways
A minimum of four (4) feet of deck shall be provided on at least two (2) contiguous sides of the
pool and 50 percent of the periphery. When applicable, the remaining deck shall not be more than
eight (8) inches in width and shall be designed to preclude its use as a walkway.
REGULATION 4. Drains
A minimum of two (2) suction outlets shall be provided for each pump in a suction outlet system
for a public or semipublic or spa. The suction outlets shall be separated by a minimum of three
(3) feet or located on two (2) different planes such as one (1) suction outlet on the bottom and
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one (1) on a vertical wall or one (1) suction outlet each on two (2) separate vertical walls
provided the three (3)- foot separation is always maintained. The suction outlets shall be
plumbed to draw water through them simultaneously through a common line to the pump.
Suction outlets shall be plumbed to eliminate the possibility of entrapping suction. All drains
and outlets of spas must have plumbing provisions to eliminate any possibility of entrapping
suction. The total velocity through grate openings shall not exceed one and one-half (1 1/2) feet
per one (1) second.
REGULATION 5. Disinfection
Gaseous chlorine shall not be used for the disinfection of spas.
REGULATION 6. Separation Walls
Where a spa is located contiguous with a swimming pool, the separating wall shall be designed to
preclude its use as a walkway unless the minimum required walkway widths can be maintained.
REGULATION 7. Temperature
The temperature of heated water coming into a public or semipublic spa shall not exceed 104°F.
(40°C).
REGULATION 8. Timer
The timer for a public or semipublic spa which controls the hydrotherapy jets shall be located at
least five (5) feet from the spa and shall have a maximum time limit of 15 minutes.
REGULATION 9. Air Blower and Air Induction Systems
An air blower system or air induction system for a public or semipublic spa shall comply
with the following requirements:
a. The system shall prevent water backflow, which could cause an electrical shock hazard;
b. Air intake sources shall not introduce water, dirt, or contaminants into the spa;
c. The system shall be properly sized for a commercial spa application;
d. If the air blower is installed within an enclosure or indoors, then adequate ventilation shall
be provided; and
e. Integral air passages shall be pressure tested and shall provide structural integrity to a value
of one and one-half (1 1/2) times the intended working pressure.
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REGULATION 10. Depth Markers
Depth markers for a public or semipublic spa shall comply with all of the following:
a. A public or semipublic spa shall have permanent depth markers with numbers that are a
minimum of four (4) inches high. Depth markers shall be plainly and conspicuously visible
from all points of entry.
b. The maximum depth of a public or semipublic spa shall be clearly indicated by depth
markers.
c. There shall be a minimum of two (2) depth markers on the deck and two (2) depth markers
at the waterline at each public or semipublic spa.
d. Depth markers shall be spaced at no more than 25 foot intervals and shall be uniformly
located around the perimeter of the spa.
e. Depth markers shall be positioned on the deck within 18 inches of the side of the spa. A
depth marker shall be positioned so that a person standing on the deck facing the water can
read it.
f. Depth markers that are on deck surfaces shall be made of slip-resistant material.
g. Depth markers shall be in Arabic numerals of contrasting color to the background.
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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 10
SPECIAL USE POOLS
In addition to complying with the Regulations in Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this Chapter,
Special Use Pools shall comply with the following Regulations:
REGULATION 1. Supplemental Standards and Requirements
Persons intending to construct a special use pool shall notify the Department and
provide plans, specifications and a description of the intended use. The Department will
determine which of the Regulations in this Chapter apply to the proposed special use pool.
The Department may, at its discretion, establish additional standards or requirements for
special use pools, taking into consideration the intended use of the pool, the conditions
under which it will be operated and any special circumstances. Where applicable, the
Department may consider the design requirements prescribed by an official sanctioning
athletic body such as the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), National
Federation of State High School Associations (NFSHSA), U.S. Swimming, U.S. Diving,
or the Federation Internationale de Natation Amateur (FINA) in using best professional
judgment to approve a special use pool that is intended for competitive swimming and
diving.
REGULATION 2. Alternate Design
Where an alternate design for a bathing place or any part thereof is proposed, which
complies in principle with the provisions of this code, such design may be approved by the
Department.
REGULATION 3. Exercise or Training Bars
a. A swimming pool designed with exercise or training bars in the pool shall be
restricted to special use when the bars are located in the pool.
b. Bars shall be constructed of durable material and be reasonably resistant to corrosion
under conditions of operations.
c. Bars shall be sealed, welded shut or capped at both ends to prevent retention of
water within the bars.
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d. Bars may be removable. The bars then shall be wedges anchored in place with a
cover plate provided. Watertight anchor plugs (95 percent efficiency) shall be
provided when the bars have been removed.
e. Bars shall extend not more than four (4) inches from the side of the pool into the
water.
f. The clear opening from the inside of the bar to the side of the pool shall not be less
than two (2) inches or more than two and one-fourth (2 1/4) inches.
REGULATION 4. Ramps
Where a ramp is to be installed in a swimming pool, the ramp shall be constructed:
a. Of non-slip material;
b. With a slope not to exceed one (1) foot in 12 feet;
c. With a width of at least three (3) feet;
d. With a level platform at the top and bottom of the ramp;
e. With at least a three and one-half (3 1/2) feet high guardrail installed on the deck
from eight (8) inches beyond where the slope for the ramp terminates and extending
the length of the ramp; and
f. With return(s) to be located on the pool and ramp walls along the length of the ramp.
REGULATION 5. Spray Ponds
a. All spray ponds shall use potable water.
b. Spray ponds (semipublic and public) shall comply with code references specified
in a., b., c. and d. of this Regulation:
(1) Semipublic spray pond regulation stipulated under Chapter VI, Sections 1
through 5 and 7.
(2) Public spray pond regulation stipulated under Chapter VI, Sections 1
through 6.
c. Spray ponds in which water is recycled shall be regulated as a special use pool
(Chapter VI, Section 10).
d. Spray ponds shall:
(1) Be made of durable material that is impervious to moisture and retains a
non-slip texture that causes no discomfort to bare feet;
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(2) Be completely free of obstructions that may be hazardous to children;
(3) Have a floor with a maximum slope of one (1) in ten (10);
(4) Be entirely surrounded by a walkway at least four (4) feet wide, which
falls away from the pool or basin edge at a uniform slope of not less than
one-fourth (1/4) inch per one (1) foot;
(5) Have a fence or other barrier with controlled access surrounding the spray
pond and walkways to prevent the easy access of non-users and pets; and
(6) Have a turnover time of no more than one (1) hour.
REGULATION 6. Water Features
The water features listed in this regulation may also be approved by the
Department for installation at places other than special use type bathing places when the
design and placement of the water feature prevents a hazard to bathers.
a. In-ground water spray features without floor pod control, including vertical
sprays, soft laminar sprays, spray arches, geysers, misters, inverters and similar
designs, shall conform to the following:
(1) The height of the water column shall not exceed four feet.
(2) The holes in the floor fitting shall not exceed 5/16 of an inch.
(3) The velocity at the nozzles shall not exceed twenty feet per second.
b. In-ground water spray features with floor pod control, including vertical sprays,
laminar cone sprays, geysers, misters, inverters and similar designs, shall
conform to the following:
(1) Items 6.a.1. through 3. above.
(2) All exposed hardware and any other sharp projections, if they exist,
shall be covered to prevent injuries to bathers.
(3) The holes in the floor fittings shall not exceed 5/16 of an inch.
c. Low profile water toys that protrude above the surface of a spray pond that
produce flow streams, including dome sprays, spray loops, water cannon,
cascading water toys and similar designs, shall conform to the following:
(1) The diameter of the piping shall be at least
4 inches to prevent a climbing hazard.
(2) All exposed hardware and any other sharp projections, if they exist,
shall be covered to prevent injuries to bathers.
(3) The water velocity at any nozzle shall be restricted to twenty feet per
second.
(4) If there are nozzles, they must not stick out in a way that could cause
injuries to bathers.
d. Water toys that protrude above the surface of a spray pond that produce
flow streams overhead, including dumping buckets, dumping toys,
cascading water domes, raining toys, multiple spray and dumping
structures, tunnel sprays, water cannon and similar designs, shall conform
to the following:
(1) The velocity at the nozzles shall be restricted to twenty feet per second.
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(2) The nozzles shall not stick out in a way that could cause injuries to
bathers.
(3) All exposed hardware and any other sharp projections, if they exist, shall
be covered to prevent injuries to bathers.
(4) The height of the water column shall not exceed six feet.
(5) The holes in the floor fitting shall not exceed 5/16 of an inch.
(6) There shall be eight feet of clearance between the pond bottom and the
water feature to prevent injuries to bathers.
(7) There shall be a 1/8-inch drain hole in the dumping chamber.
e. The Department may require an owner to apply for and receive a variance prior to
installing a water feature that uses materials, equipment, or design features that
have not been previously approved by the Department.
REGULATION 7. Non-Rigid Surfaces
The use of rubberized, non-rigid, cushioned surfaces may be allowed on the
spray pond provided the following requirements are met:
a. The rubberized surface shall be resistant to chlorine solutions in a wet
environment.
b. The applicant shall submit an operation and maintenance manual from the
manufacturer of the rubberized surface as part of the application showing that the
rubberized material is suitable for this purpose.
c. The rubberized surface shall be installed on a flat or concave rigid surface.
d. The rubberized surface shall not be installed in a cave structure if it is to be
continuously wetted in a dark and enclosed environment.
e. The underlying concrete surface shall be sufficiently pitched to allow water to
flow to a surface drain.
f. The Department may periodically require the owner to remove an area of the
rubberized surface for inspection for contamination under the surface.
g. The rubberized surface shall be cleaned at least weekly.
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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 13
WATER SLIDES
REGULATION 1. Additional Standards and Requirements
The Department may, at its discretion, establish additional standards or requirements for water
slides and recovery pools, taking into consideration any unique features of the water slide and
recovery pool and the conditions under which it will be operated. This section does not cover
drop slides, slides with a slope greater than ten (10) percent or any slide in which the rider uses
any kind of equipment during use of the slide.
REGULATION 2. Construction, Design, and Specifications
a. The slide plans and specifications shall be incorporated into swimming pool application
forms, plans and specifications prepared and submitted pursuant to Chapter VI, Section 1,
Regulation 2 of the Maricopa County Environmental Health Code.
b. Plan sheets and specifications addressing the structural aspects of the slide tower and the
slide support structure shall carry the seal and signature of a registered civil or structural
engineer licensed to practice in the state of Arizona.
c. Structural design calculations for the slide tower and the slide support structure shall be
submitted and shall carry the seal and signature of a registered civil or structural engineer
licensed to practice in the state of Arizona.
d. Soil studies and calculations performed in conjunction with the slide tower and support
structure design shall carry the seal and signature of a registered professional engineer
licensed to practice in the state of Arizona.
e. Construction of the slide and its appurtenances shall be monitored by the civil or
structural engineer of record. This engineer shall certify that the slide was constructed in
conformance with the approved plans or as reflected on the sealed as-built plans.
f. Splashdown area must be cordoned off with buoy lines if not a dedicated slide pool only.
g. The Department may consider sufficient, sealed design documentation from credentialed
waterslide design authorities and/or require a slide splashdown pool to conform to the
following dimensions:
1. There shall be at least six (6) feet clearance from the side of the flume to the
recovery poolside wall.
2. There shall be at least six (6) feet clearance between the sides of two (2) adjacent
slides.
3. The slide shall terminate at or below the water line and the slide terminus shall be
in at least three and one-half (3 1/2) feet of water.
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4. The engineer or the slide manufacturer must provide calculations to justify the
length of runout. In no case shall the runout be less than 25 feet.
5. The exit from the recovery pool area must consist of a set of stairs located at the
opposite end of the recovery pool from the slide entrance.
6. Four (4) feet of walkway shall be provided around at least three (3) sides of the
recovery pool and behind the slide in semipublic pools, and ten (10) feet of
walkway shall be provided around at least three (3) sides of the recovery pool and
behind the slide in public pools.
7. There must be at least four and one-half (4 1/2) feet (54 inches) clearance between
the invert of the open flume and any object above the flume.
8. When the slide is not in use, a suitable barrier shall be placed at the bottom of the
stairs of the slide to prevent bathers from entering the slide.
9. The area on the deck below the water slide and the stair tower must be fenced and
made unavailable to pedestrian traffic.
10. Two (2) emergency shut off switches shall be provided for each slide circulation
pump, one easily accessible by the lifeguard at the top of the flume and one (1)
easily accessible by the lifeguard in the pool area.
11. A training program for the lifeguards shall also be submitted with slide pool plans
for approval.
REGULATION 3. Lifeguards
A minimum of two (2) lifeguards shall be on duty at the slide whenever it is in use. One (1)
lifeguard at the top of the tower, and one (1) lifeguard at in the splashdown area. The lifeguards
shall be in visual or voice contact at all times.
REGULATION 4. Operation, Maintenance and Management
An operation and maintenance manual for the slide shall be prepared and submitted for review
and approval. The manual shall contain, but not necessarily be limited to all of the following:
a. A list of all mechanical equipment and equipment maintenance schedules,
b. Slide tower and support structure inspection and maintenance schedule,
c. Slide flume inspection and maintenance schedule,
d. Slide safety and supervision provisions, and
e. A lifeguard deployment plan.
REGULATION 5. Instruction Signage
A sign shall be posted at the entrance of the slide tower informing bathers of the necessary safety
procedures and informing bathers to follow the instructions of the lifeguard. The sign shall
contain the following as a minimum:
a. Follow the instructions of the lifeguard,
b. One rider at a time,
c. Feet first sliding only,
d. No horseplay,
e. Exit slide recovery area immediately,
f. No kneeling or standing on the slide,
g. Keep hands and feet inside slide,
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h. No riders shorter than 42 inches,
i. The manufacturers other suggested rules shall be incorporated in the sign, and
j. Persons not following the safety procedures or the instructions of the lifeguard shall be
excluded from the slide.
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MARICOPA COUNTY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CODE
CHAPTER VI
BATHING PLACES - PUBLIC AND
SEMIPUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS
SECTION 14
ZERO DEPTH ENTRY POOLS
In addition to complying with the Regulations in Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and either 6 (Public
Pools) or 7 (Semi-Public Pools) of this Chapter, Zero Depth Entry Pools shall comply with the
following Regulations:
REGULATION 1. Circulation System
a. A zero depth entry pool shall have a turnover rate for the area of the pool up to a depth of
two (2) feet of at least once every hour.
b. A zero depth entry pool shall be equipped with a trench drain running the entire length of
the entry. It shall be covered with a removable grate to facilitate cleaning. The trench
drain shall be located so that the water surface of the pool falls no higher than the middle
of the grate. The grate shall be designed to eliminate the possibility of injury to bathers.
c. There shall be a minimum of two (2) floor inlets, plumbed not more than 15 feet apart
and no further than ten (10) feet from the zero depth entry.
REGULATION 2. Floor
a. At the entry, the deck/floor must slope toward the pool. The slope of the deck may not
exceed one (1) foot in 12 feet.
b. All floor materials must be non-slip to a minimum depth of two (2) feet.
REGULATION 3 Handrails
Handrails shall be provided at the ends of the zero depth entry.
